VERMONT 9 i 9 



potatoes was 8,548 and the value $872,183; the value of small fruits, $92,030 (strawberries, 

 $68,960); of orchard fruits, $801,365 (apples, $752,337), and of maple sirup, $1,086,933. On 

 January I, 1912 there were on farms: 84,000 horses, 268,000 milch cows, 168,000 other neat 

 cattle, 117,000 sheep, and 111,000 swine. 



Dairying is the most important agricultural industry. In 1911 the state experiment 

 station published an important bulletin on the manufacture of ice-cream, besides bulletins on 

 commercial fertilisers, commercial feeding stuffs and the peat and muck deposits of the state. 

 The Federal department of agriculture has a farm at Weybridge near Middlebury where 

 Morgan horses are bred and experiments have been made with Southdown sheep. 



In 1911 the governor was authorised to appoint a cattle commissioner whose duty it is 

 to see that no infected live stock is brought into the state and to suppress disease in herds. 

 The legislature passed a stricter law for the prevention of forest fires; made the commissioner 

 of agriculture an inspector of apiaries, to inspect hives for foul brood, etc.; and authorised 

 him to appoint a state ornithologist. 



Mineral Products. Total value, 1911, $8,434,516. The only large items were stone, 

 $6,145,351, ranking the state 3rd, and slate, $1,624,941, ranking the state 2nd. Of the stone, 

 $3.394.93 was the value of marble and $2,730,719 that of granite. The value of lime was 

 $191,035. Vermont produces more asbestos than any other state: in 1911 the value was 

 132 % and the quantity 99 % more than in 1910. 



Manufactures, From 1904 to 1909 the number of establishments increased from 1,699 

 to 1,958; the numberof persons engaged in manufacturing froni37,oi5 to 38,580 (wage-earners 

 from 33,106 to 33,788); capital invested from $62,659,000 to $73,470,000; and the value of 

 the manufactured product from $63,084,000 to $68,310,000. The three largest manufactures 

 were in 1909: marble and stone-work, $12,395,000; lumber and timber products, $8,598,000 

 (9-3% less than in 1904); and butter, cheese and condensed milk,. $8,112,000. The textile 

 industries, woollen, worsted and felt goods ($4,497,000), hosiery and knit goods ($1,746,000) 

 and cotton goods, all reported smaller product values in 1909 than in 1904. Other manufac- 

 tures were: flouring and grist-milling products, $4,133,000; paper and wood-pulp, $3,902,- 

 ooo; foundry and machine-shop products, $3,755,ooo; furniture and refrigerators, $1,618,000. 



Of the product value 19.5% came from the three largest cities: Burlington, $6,800,500; 

 Barre, $3,852,000, including one-fourth of the state's marble and stone-work; and Rutland, 

 $2,679,500. 



Transportation. Railway mileage, January I, 1912, 1,094.89. In 1911 appropriations 

 for highways were increased to $125,000 for 1911 and $150,000 a year thereafter. Railways 

 may use electricity for motive power with the approval of the public service commission. 

 Street railways must carry public school pupils at half fare or less. Many acts were passed 

 for local bridges and highways. 



Legislation. The legislature met in regular session from October 5, IQIO to January 

 28, 1 91 1, and convened again on October 3, 1912. The latter session, aroused by the 

 growth of the Latter Day Saints near Sharon (the birth-place of Joseph Smith, the 

 founder), memorialised Congress December 13, 1912 for the adoption of an amendment 

 to the Federal Constitution prohibiting polygamy. 



In 1911 there was a re-apportionment of state senators in certain counties. The 

 state librarian was required to establish a legislative reference bureau and a state bureau 

 of information was created, in the office of the secretary of state. The secretary of 

 state is required to secure statistical information in regard to the finances of munici- 

 palities. Columbus Day (October 12) was made a legal holiday. 



The punishment -for first degree murder was made life imprisonment, unless the jury 

 returns a verdict with the words "with capital punishment." 



A workmen's compensation act, in effect June 28, 1911, restricts the fellow servant rule 

 and the defence of assumption of risk and prescribes damages and fixes limits to amounts 

 recoverable for injuries, and forbids suits for damages unless they are brought within two years 

 after the injury and notice has been given within sixty days to the employer. A constitu- 

 tional amendment was proposed authorising and empowering the legislature to pass laws for 

 compulsory compensation; this was left for action by the next legislature. 1 No child under 

 14 is to be employed in a railway, mill, factory, quarry or workshop employing ten or more 

 men; no child under 12 in messenger service, business office, restaurant, bakery or hotel; 

 none under 16 in certain (enumerated) dangerous occupations, and no girl under 18 in an 

 employment which requires her to stand constantly. 



The penalty for the white slave traffic was made a fine of $200 to $2,000, imprisonment 

 for one to ten years or both fine and imprisonment. The state board of health was empowered 



1 Other constitutional amendments which required ratification by the legislature in 1913 

 and then by popular vote are for biennial state elections and biennial sessions of the legislature 

 after 1915, and for taking from the legislature the power of chartering institutions not under 

 State control, all other charters to be governed by general statutes. 



