93 o WEST VIRGINIA 



Penal and Charitable Institutions. The legislature of 191 1 established a state tuberculosis 

 sanitarium and appropriated $15,000 for its maintenance and $10,000 for its equipment; it 

 is to be at Terra Alta, Preston county. The West Virginia coloured orphans' home near 

 Huntington, was made a state institution, taking over the buildings of the normal indus- 

 trial school for coloured orphans. The West Virginia children's home at Elkins was opened 

 in 1911. A law has been passed, providing that police matrons must be appointed in cities 

 of 5,000 or more. 



History. The legislature in 1911 was Democratic (senate, 15 Democrats and 15 

 Republicans; house, 63 Democrats and 23 Republicans) but all state officers were Re- 

 publicans. William Ellsworth Glasscock (b. 1862), Republican, elected governor 

 in 1908 for the term 1909-13, immediately after the death of Stephen Benton Elkins, 1 

 appointed his son Davis Elkins ad interim to the United States Senate. The Demo- 

 cratic caucus of the legislature chose, January 18, Clarence Wayland Watson (b. 1864) 

 for this unexpired term (1911-13), and William Edwin Chilton (b. 1858; secretary of 

 state 1893-97) to succeed Nathan Bay Scott (b. 1842; Republican, senator 1899-1911), 

 but the Republican members of the state senate left the state to block organisation 

 of the legislature, so that Watson and Chilton were not chosen until the end of the 

 month. 



Governor Glasscock was one of the seven governors who called Roosevelt to lead 

 the Republican party, and Roosevelt was successful in the primaries, and the delegates- 

 at-large were instructed for him. But there was no local split in the Republican party. 

 Progressives nominated the Republican candidate for governor, Dr. H. D. Hatfield, 

 and the six candidates for Congress, four of whom were elected; in the 62nd Congress 

 there were 4 Democrats and i Republican from the state. Hatfield was elected gover- 

 nor, receiving 127,942 votes to 119,173 for Thompson (Democrat), and 15,248 for 

 Hilton (Socialist). The state legislature is Republican (senate, tie; house, 53 Republicans 

 and 33 Democrats) and early in 1913 chose Judge Nathan Goff (b. 1843) to succeed C. 

 W. \Vatson as United States senator. Woodrow Wilson carried the state, receiving 

 about 113,046 votes to 56,667 for Taft, 78,819 for Roosevelt and 15,336 for Debs, whose 

 vote in 1908 was 3,679. In the state campaign interest was centred largely on the 

 amendment for state- wide prohibition, which was carried; on election day bells in 

 most Protestant churches were rung all day long to remind citizens to vote, and the 

 women of the state worked hard for the amendment. The state Federation of Labor 

 opposed it as destroying a great industry. 



There was a long continued strike among the coal miners of the Kanawha region 

 in 1912. At Peyton a deputy was shot, troops being ordered out on July 23, and 

 martial law proclaimed on September 30. Governor Glasscock's offer to arbitrate was 

 refused by the strikers, September 26. Along Cabin Creek deputy sheriffs evicted 

 striking miners, beginning October 8, and although the governor issued a proclamation, 

 October 14, restoring to civil authority parts of Fayette, Raleigh and Kanawha counties, 

 increased disorder made it necessary for him to declare martial law again (November 

 1 6) in the Cabin Creek and Paint Creek regions of the Kanawha coal field. Late in 

 the year suit was brought for $750,000 damages against the United Mine Workers 

 for interference with business and for injuries to property. 



A negro was lynched at Bluefields, September 5, 1912, for assault on a woman. 



Bibliography. Acts, IQII (Charleston); other official publications, especially the state 

 geological survey's Forestry and Wood Industries (1911); V. A. Lewis, ed., How West Virginia 

 was made (Charleston, 1909); D. Dandridge, Historic Sheplierdstown (Charlottesville, 1910). 



1 Elkins was born in Ohio in 1840, graduated at the University of Missouri, i86o,and began 

 the practice of law in 1864 in New Mexico, where he was a member of the legislature in 1864^- 

 65, territorial district attorney, attorney-general in 1868-69, and delegate to Congress in 

 1 873-77. He then settled in W T est Virginia, where he married the daughter of Senator 

 Henry Gassaway Davis (b. 1823; Democratic nominee for vice-presidency in 1904), became 

 interested in coal-mining and railway developing and built the town of Elkins, Randolph 

 county. He was secretary of war under President Harrison, 1891-93. In the United 

 States Senate, in which he sat after 1895, he was a leader of the conservative Republicans, 

 and was known as the sponsor of the Elkins Act or railway law of 1903. 



