I0 io GERMANY 



German territory, the value of the grape-crop being 1,750,000 in 1911. In Baden the vine 

 was cultivated on 38,500 acres in 1911, the figure being nearly the same as that for Prussia. 

 Wheat is especially important in Bavaria, the crop being 431,000 tons in 1911, and also 

 hops, which were cultivated on 43,000 acres out of 66,000 acres in all Germany. 



The value of the North Sea and Baltic fishery catches in 1911 was 1,800,000. 



Mining and Manufactures. The total 'population engaged in these occupations in 1910 

 was 6,617,584 6r 10.2 per cent of the population of the country. According to the census of 

 1910, textiles occupied 72,000 workers and mines 49,000 in Alsace-Lorraine. In Baden the 

 industries (salt-mines, iron-works, etc.) occupied 246,864 persons, or 11.5 per cent of 

 the population. In Bavaria the figures were 566,440, or 8.2 per cent, in Prussia 3,976,- 

 709 or 9.9 per cent (the output of coal amounting to 151,000,000 tons in 1911), in 

 Saxony 769,443, or 16.0 per cent, and in Wurttemberg 242,020, or 9.9 per cent. Among the 

 smaller states, there is a notable concentration upon textile industries in the two small 

 principalities of Reuss, where over 10 per cent of the population are thus employed. 



The output of coal has increased by about 50 per cent in the latest quinquennial period, 

 amounting to 160,700,000 tons valued at 78,600,000 in 1911, while lignite was raised to 

 the amount of 73,800,000 tons (9,200,000), and iron ore 23,800,000 tons (5,000,000). 

 The production of pig-iron was 13,500,000 tons. The ship-building industry shows no great 

 development recently, the number of ships built or building in private yards in 1911 being 

 49 vessels of war and 1,072 other vessels for service under the national flag, and 3 warships 

 and 241 other vessels for foreign countries. Among other industries which show marked 

 recent changes is that of motor cars, boats and aeroplanes, for which returns of production 

 showed a total value of 5,500,000 in 1910, including 9,368 cars (against 3,887 in 1907), 

 283 boats and 73 aeroplanes (against 4 in the preceding year). Seven airships were also 

 built, and 2,977 motor engines of various sorts. The brewing industry is another showing 

 a marked change, but this is in the direction of a reduction of the number of breweries in 

 the Brausteuergebiet, which was 4,324 in 1910. The centenary of Krupp's, the famous 

 iron and steel works at Essen, was celebrated on August 8, 1912, the ceremonies being 

 attended by the Kaiser. In June 1912 the works employed 71,221 persons. 



Commercial development is illustrated by Tables II-III, showing the value of the chief 

 imports and exports, and also the trade with the principal countries, in 1911. 



Table II. Trade in lyn (, sterling, omitting 00,000) 



Table III. Countries traded with 

 1911 ( sterling, omitting 00,000) 



.*> h ippi ng The numbers of the mercantile marine, and their distribution, are as follows 



In Prussia, 2,260 of 312,713 tons; Hamburg, 1,348 of 1,676,376 tons; Bremen, 



893.37: other states, 412 of 141,249. There were registered at Baltic ports 942 



Is of 316,907 tons, and at North Sea ports 3,790 of 2,706,818 tons; the total being 



4,732 of 3,023,725 tons. 



The foreign mercantile shipping in German ports is shown in Table IV for 1910. 

 I he gross tonnage handled in the Duisburg-Ruhrorter ports, where the largest inland 

 navigation industry is carried on, amounted in one year (1911-12) to 20,570,000. Mann- 

 icim, the chief commercial centre on the Upper Rhine, is the largest port on that river, the 

 u",K a ? e ,,-n a "l vesscls t ; a . 1Im K in '910 amounting to nearly 5,000,000. The Kaiser 

 \\. helm (Kiel) canal was used in 1912 by 54-OI2 vessels of 8,558,204 tons. A canal, pro- 

 jected in 190,, which branches off from the Dortinund-FZms canal, crosses the Weser near 

 Mmden and leads to Hanover, is now open. 



