united against the exclusion clause. It was not surprising therefore that when the 

 Bill was read a second time the Chancellor accepted the Centre amendment, which 

 provided that the territory shall have three votes in the Federal Council. 'On May 

 26, 1:911 the bill was passed by a large majority (211 to 93), and Alsace-Lorraine became 

 a state of the Federation. According to the new constitution the Emperor exercises 

 sovereign powers in the country, and is represented at Strassburg by a Governor 

 (Statthalter),.vi\i<o is at the head of the Government. Local laws are made by the 

 Emperor with the consent of the two Chambers. The First is composed of various 

 representatives and nominated members; the Second is an elected chamber, voting 

 being by secret ballot and the suffrage universal. With regard to the representation 

 of the new state in the Federal Council, it is not as complete as that of other states. In 

 the first place, the votes of its representatives do not count at all on questions affecting 

 changes in the constitution ; secondly, whenever these votes, by being added to those 

 of Prussia, .can produce a majority in the Council, they are disregarded. 



.Important as these measures were, the Morocco crisis nevertheless commanded 

 most attention (see "International Affairs," Part I: Sect. i). The German Govern- 

 ment feared lest French influence in Morocco should become a menace 

 a//a/r. X . to. German aspirations, and accordingly it resolved to make sure of " com- 

 pensation " from France. As this was not immediately forthcoming, 

 Germany without any warning sent a warship, the " Panther," to Agadir, a Moroccan 

 port, ostensibly for the protection of German firms in South Morocco, but in reality to 

 enforce its demand for compensation, and moreover compensation in Morocco itself. 

 In its information to the English Government Germany denied this. But it was 

 evident that in many quarters in Germany the feeling was that a port in Morocco 

 should be ceded to the Germans. By July 15, 1911 the German Government had 

 realised that such a demand would not be tolerated. It therefore asked for territories 

 in other parts of Africa, and after much negotiation two treaties were signed between 

 the two powers (Nov. 4. 1911). In the one, Germany agreed to recognise the 

 French Protectorate in Morocco; by the other France ceded to Germany parts of her 

 Congo colony. The bargain was by no means satisfactory to German public opinion, 

 and among those who were dissatisfied was Herr von Lindequist, the Colonial Secretary 

 himself. He resigned in consequence, and was succeeded by Dr. Solf, who for a time 

 had been Governor of Samoa. Nor was this the end of the matter. On November 

 9-10, 1911, when the treaties were discussed in the Reichstag, the Chancellor found 

 scant sympathy when he defended his policy. The press was unanimous in its con- 

 demnation, and all parties sought to utilise public feeling for their own ends in the 

 electioneering campaign that was already in progress.: i > >n 



The session closed on December 5, 1911, and the elections were fixed 

 elecUoas912. for the following January. The results will be apparent from the Table, 

 showing the number of seats for each party. 



Composition of German Reichstag 1907 and 1912. 



The Blue-Black Bloc. 



1912 



Conservatives '-/ n - ^'.^' :''' 43 

 Imperial Party : ci ; .>n >'.;. ;vii !< 14 

 Centre ari t /<( !):>J!:~:}:-.tj 4i li. 93 

 Industrial Union. ....... ;r 



German Reform Party . 

 Alsatians V : ' Ji ! ~ ' ''/' '':''' . 



. 



Total-:. ;;.;. ,.j>. 



'Grand Total . 



The Opposition. 



National Liberals : . . 

 German Farmers' Union 

 Radical Party . :i.. ; .i' 

 Social Democrats 



.1912 

 44 



2 

 42 



no 



1 8' 

 5 



213 



20 



i 



Lo'thringens '. ri . ; '. \'\ ." . 

 Bavariaa Farmers' Union 



Grand Total': 



198 



:.i!po^(!t. 



2- 



? :/:-:i- 



! 202 



1907 



m 



53 

 J53 



i;a !: 



Summarised, the position of the parties in 1912 was as follows: the Bloc 191; 



