IO29 



igii. On January n, 1911, the Liberal Cabinet of M. Bratiano resigned in Ruman- 

 ia, arid was replaced by a Conservative ministry under M. Carp. The new Rumanian 

 Fall of the P r i me Minister possessed only a small following in the Chamber, a large 

 Bratiano number of the Conservatives having broken away some years previously 

 Cabinet la under the leadership of M. Take Jonesco. A dissolution followed and elec- 

 tions were held in February, at which, owing to strong official pressure, 

 a large ministerial majority was obtained. M. Carp, while maintaining friendly rela- 

 tions with Turkey, did not consider himself bound by the declaration of his predecessor. 



On January 3, 1911, the Bulgarian sobranye decided to send the members of the 

 former Stambolovist ministry, who were charged with various illegalities, before a special 

 f commission of enquiry. A speech delivered on this occasion by General 

 impeachment Savoff, the former War Minister, in which he stated that the Bulgarian 

 otstambo- army was perfectly ready for war with Turkey, attracted much attention. 

 lovists. fj^e p rosecu tj on was eventually dropped. Owing to the failure of protracted 



negotiations for a commercial treaty with Turkey, the outbreak of a tariff war seemed 

 imminent, but a provisional arrangement for one year was eventually concluded (Feb. 3d). 



The Greek Revisionary Chamber elected in the previous year met at Athens on 

 January 22nd. Among the changes sanctioned were the revival of a Council of State, 

 Greece' reduction of the number of deputies and of the number necessary to form 

 revision of a quorum, permanent tenure of their appointments by judges and public 

 the Const!- officials, compulsory elementary education, exclusion of military and 

 naval officers from the Chamber and permission to foreigners to enter the 

 service of the state. In virtue of the last-mentioned enactment the reorganization of 

 the army was entrusted to French, and that of the navy to British officers (April i4th). 

 The revision of the Constitution was completed on June 5th. 



For several days in March Athens was thrown into a state of confusion owing to an 

 agitation raised by some ultra-patriotic University professors, who demanded that a 

 TheLan- clause should be introduced into the constitution ordaining the exclusive 

 guage Ques- employment of the " purified literary language " in all departments of the 

 tion In state and forbidding the translation of the Scriptures into the spoken tongue. 



Meetings of students were held, the populace became excited, and it was 

 found necessary to occupy the streets in the neighbourhood of the Chamber with troops. 

 The Government yielded to the demand, but the purists, encouraged by their success, 

 proceeded to insist that the employment of the popular language in schools should be 

 proscribed by the Constitution, and their leader, Professor Mistriotis, issued a procla- 

 mation declaring that the immortal Greek language, the national religion and the race 

 itself, which had civilized the whole world, were in danger, and convoking a public meet- 

 ing to consider " whether the nation would consent to commit suicide." M. Venizelos 

 thereupon took prorhpt action. Troops were brought up from Chalcis, the meeting was 

 prohibited, and the professor was brought to his senses by a notification that he would 

 be prosecuted for sedition. Tranquillity was immediately restored. 



At the end of March 1911 diplomatic relations between Greece and Rumania, which 

 had been suspended in September 1905 owing to Rumanian retaliation for outrages 

 Greece and P er P etrate d by Greek bands on the Vlachs of Macedonia, were resumed 

 Rumania. through the mediation of Russia and Italy. On April 2nd M. Venizelos 

 The Thes- announced that the Government had decided to settle the Thessalian land 

 Question. question on the principle of voluntary sale by the landlords, and his assur- 

 ances were accepted as satisfactory by the Thessalian deputies. 



On March 22nd the Democratic Cabinet of M. Malinoff in Bulgaria resigned and 

 was succeeded (March 29th) by a coalition ministry representing the Nationalist and 

 Bui aria- Progressive parties. M. Gueshoff, the leader of the former, became prime 

 new minis- minister, while Dr. Daneff, the Progressist chief, accepted the presidency 

 try; revision of the Chamber. The new government endeavoured to initiate a policy 

 stHution"' ^ friendship with Turkey in the hope of mitigating the violence of the 

 Young Turk committees in Macedonia, which now displayed itself in a 



