THI: DOMINION OF CANADA. 23 



xcessive; the autumn is delightful. The vegetation is rapid, and hay, 

 oats, Indian corn, buckwheat, wheat, barley, potatoes, turnips, and other 

 grains and roots thrive well ; while fruit is successfully produced. The 

 apple orchards of Annapolis and King's County extend along the roadside 

 in an unbroken line for fifty miles. Fogs haunt the coast line, and make 

 the summer weather chill. Manufactures are limited ; but of late cotton 

 and sugar have been added to the list of coarse cloths, flannels, blank 



The province has a coast line of 1,000 miles, all along which the 

 fisheries are carried on. Next to agriculture, fishing is the great industrv. 

 The bays, harbours and inland lakes yield salmon, cod, halibut, haddock, 

 mackerel, herring, shad, lobster, &c. There are also some oyster 1> 

 Shipbuilding is extensively engaged in ; and in some years ships with an 

 aggregate of 53,000 tons are built. There are over 500 miles of raih 

 in operation in the province. The Intercolonial, a Government road, run* 

 from Halifax to Amherst, 138 miles, thence proceeding onward to St. 

 John, N. B., and Riviere du Loup. There are two canals, one from Hali- 

 fax to Cobequid Ba} , the other connecting St. Peter's Bay, on the Atlantic 

 coast of Cape Breton, with Great Bras d'Or Lake. The chief city is Hali- 

 fax ; population, 36;100 The harbour is the finest on 



the continent, and protected by a fortress armed with batteries of tl i 

 and six hundred-pounder Armstrong rifled guns. Habitation is accessible 

 in nearly every case by rail or steamboat. Education is free, the non- 

 sectarian school system prevailing. The chief seats of learning arc l)al- 

 housie College and University, St. Mary's College (R. C.), Piv-:>ytcrian 



lege, Halifax, Acadia College (Baptist), at Wolfville, - ,<-is Col- 



lege (R. C.), Antigonish, and King's College and University Church of 



..-land), Windsor. Nova Scotia has little timber or agricultural land> 

 now to offer to settlers ; BO that increase must o>me from within 

 The province was viMt.-d by John Cabot and his A, in 1 i 



I colonized in 1G04 by DeMonts. a 1-Yenchman. In 171." tin- country 

 .the Kn^lUh l.y the French. 1.: l7'-.*i the Maud of C 

 ;mnr.\i'd : in I 7* I the Province- of New lirun>\vick was created 

 out of Nova Scotia (Acadia), and in 18G7 Nova S 

 minion of ( 'anada. 



M:\V mil AS^VK K 



is bounded on tl,,. N. \V l.y Quebec, N. by Hair del the 



Culf of Bl Lawrence and NMrthun.l.rrland EM I'.v tie- lia\ 



Fundy and a pa -ova Scotia, and on tin- \V l.\ the State of Ma 



