4,06 THE HOME, FARM AND BUSINESS CYCLOPAEDIA. 



The SECOND CLASS is called " LOAMY SOILS," and contains from 30 to 

 50 per cent, of clay. Similarly these are divided into loams containing 

 little or no lime, and those containing from '5 to 5 per cent, of lime, 

 which again are each divided into 4 poor, intermediate, and rich, making 

 six sorts of loamy soils. 



The THIRD CLASS is composed of SANDY LOAMS, containing from 20 to 

 30 per cent, of clay, and is divided into sandy loams with little or no 

 lime, and sandy loams with from *5 to 5 per cent, of that constituent. 

 Here, as in the former classes, poor, intermediate, and rich soils are re- 

 cognised with and without lime. 



The FOURTH CLASS, designated LOAMY SANDS, contains from 10 to 20 

 per cent, of clay, and is divided into six species exactly on the principle 

 just explained. 



The FIFTH CLASS or SANDY SOILS contains under 10 per cent, of clay, 

 and is also divided as above. 



The SIXTH CLASS comprises all the marly soils. This term is only ap- 

 plied to soils which contain more than 5 but less than 20 per cent, of lime. 

 Marls may be either argillaceous, loamy, of the nature of sandy loams, 

 loamy sands, or of vegetable character, according as they coincide in their 

 proportions of clay and sands with the previous groups. Thus an argil- 

 laceous marl must have over 50 per cent, of clay, and from 5 to 20 per 

 cent, of lime ; and a loamy marl must contain 20 to 30 per cent, of clay, 

 besides the requisite amount of lime. 



The SEVENTH CLASS is termed CALCAREOUS, and contains above 20 per 

 cent, of lime. This class again is divided into argillaceous, loamy, of the 

 nature of sandy loam, loamy sand, or of vegetable character, as in the last 

 case, and each of them is again divided into poor, intermediate, and rich. 



In this class, therefore we find poor, calcareous clays, poor calcareous 

 loams, and poor calcareous sands, or it may be intermediate or rich soils 

 of each kind. 



Thera are also pure calcareous soils, containing 94 to 98 per cent, of 

 lime, and vegetable calcareous soils, divided into clayey, loamy, and 

 sandy. 



The EIGHTH and LAST CLASS deals with vegetable soils, or those which 

 contain from 5 per cent, and upwards of humus, which are treated of as 

 clayey, loamy, or sandy vegetable soils, according to the predominance of 

 each of these elements. They are further divided according to the condi- 

 tion of the vegetable matter which renders this class highly complicated. 



Reference has been made to the division in each case into poor, inter- 

 mediate, and rich The test as to comparative richness was uniform 



