526 THE HOME, FARM AND BUSINESS CYCLOPAEDIA. 



another. This rotation if practised, more or less, in every country, and is 

 not confined to light soils only ; wheat and mangels on the heavier soils 

 taking the place of barley and turnips. 



The great value of this rotation is that it admits of endless variation in 

 the cropping, without departing from its main features. Thus, instead of 

 taking turnips every fourth year, interchanges may be made of swedes, 

 mangel, carrots, potatoes, etc. ; and instead of clover every fourth year, a 

 crop of beans, peas, vetches may be taken, thus bringing in turnips or 

 clover at intervals of 8, 12, 16 &c. years, instead of every fourth year. 



A good example of the five years' course is 



1st year, Wheat. 



2nd " Roots and Green Crops. 



3rd " Wheat. 



4th " Barley. 



5th " Seeds. 



Which, of course, is but the Norfolk course extended by the introduction 

 of a second wheat crop before the barley, a practice which on land full of 

 manure, will improve the barley while at the same time the clover is thus 

 less frequently repeated. 



The six-year rotations now practised may be represented by the follow- 

 ing : 



That with the land two or three years under grass seeds 



1. Peas or Oats. 



2. Wheat. 



3. Roots. 



4. Barley. 



5. Hay/ 



6. Hay. 



Owing to the increasing cost of labour and tillage, many farmers are 

 now working on one or other of these crop rotations. Three years under 

 grass seeds is common, and by this system half the land is under clover 

 or grass, one-third under grain, and one-sixth under root crop. 



The seven and eight is that which was adopted at The Ontario Ex- 

 perimental Farm, for the purpose of getting-up impoverished, dirty soil of 

 various physical characters from gravel to clay loam : 



1. Peas. 



2. Wheat or Oats. 



