THE LIVE STOCK OF THE FARM. 583 



of things, gives $25 per annum hence possibly the cause of its patronage 

 in the States. 



Scotland's hardy beef grazier, the Galloway, has made, in our compara- 

 itvi-1 v small experience of it, at least one unusual record as a milker. I refer 

 to the two per cent, of cream, which of course is a very low proportion, 

 it must be explained that the line between milk and cream was a very 

 indistinct one, much cream stood below this line and always rose slowly, and 

 much never separated from the milk ; evidence, I believe, in any breed, of 

 rich milk, so judgment in this case should be cautiously handled. 



\Ve have thus gone through what may be called the mixed field of beef 

 and milk, and found but one example that would meet the dairyman's 

 orcl 



The Ayrshire is unquestionably a heavy milker, long as well as deep, and 

 on an average will give five times her own weight in milk per season. 

 Observe the somewhat low specific gravity of it, however, and indeed, I 

 may ask here how it is that all our true milkers the Ayrshire, Ayrshire 

 grade, Jersey and Canadian record an average specific gravity of exactly 

 100, as against the prevailing high record of the beefers and the grades ? 

 From five to thirteen per cent, is a big difference in this respect. It does not 

 ni thinness necessarily, for want of cream as in skimmed milk, gives a 

 higher .specific gravity, and pure cream, as is known, will go as low as 

 fifty and thirty. The Ayrshire does not give cream, however, but stands 

 above the average in cheesyness ; thus, then, with its great quantity of 

 milk, we get an average value, supposing we desire to obtain a milk, cream 

 butter and cheese mean, of $38 a year, and, by a specialty as in cheese 

 alone of $58 a year. 



Th. Ayrshire, with the Canadian, making its grade, is not improved in 

 any respect, in our experience, except one, that is, it continues longer in 

 milk, making, however, a well-balanced dairy cow, on the hardy side, and 

 suitable for some of our districts. 



And now, what about the world's great creamer the Jersey? The 



great point of this br.-ed i> that one-third of its milk, both in volume and 



Team, and so, on the basis of valuing milk at three-fourths 



cents per pound, cream at five cents, butter at twenty cents, and cheese at 



! pound, the Jersey equals the Ayrshire in .Ljivin^ -07 per 



annum. \Ve have IK. e\j,,-rience of but ter from JeneyS, but allowing the 



J f'>riy-f..ur ji-mnds of butter from the hundred pounds of cream 



as in ou: units, the Jersey would ^ive $88 for butter according to 



ordinary price ; but as Jersey butter is ^old it would fetch actually >': 



