614 THE HOME, FARM AND BUSINESS CYCLOPEDIA. 



17. The Shorthorn grade is best for weight, early maturity and stall 

 feeding. 



18. The Hereford Grade is best for hardiness, and grazing disposition ; 



19. The Aberdeen Poll Grade is best for an even average of all re- 

 quirements ; 



20. The Galloway Grade is best for extreme hardiness and quality of 

 flesh; 



21. The Devon Grade is best for good nursing and sure breeding. 



THE FOOD OF FATTENING CATTLE. 



Its use is to, 



22. Keep up animal heat or life ; 



23. Repair the waste ; 



24. Increase growth ; 



25. Produce flesh and fat. 



i 



Its value is affected by, 



26. The particular breed ; 



27. Age of the animal ; 



28. Individual character ; 



29. Conditions of life such as temperature ; 



30. Management. 



31. In growing our own cattle food, the first question should be : How 

 much beef can we get per acre ? the second, How much manure are we 

 able to return ? 



32. The amount of increase that may be calculated upon as the produce 

 of certain quantities and kinds of food, depends upon paragraphs 8 to 

 30. 



33. Chemically, we can calculate upon getting one pound of flesh from 

 any food that has ten parts of dry substances in its composition : thus, 

 100 pounds of swede turnips, having as much as ninety parts of water, 

 will only give one pound of flesh, while 100 pounds of corn, having only 

 thirteen parts of water, will give ten pounds of flesh. 



34. Practically, foods give results according to their chemical analysis, 

 when combined, or mixed, to suit the particular animal system. 



35. For example, a mixture of corn, pease and oats, will give better re- 

 sults than corn alone, although seven per cent, lower in nutritive pro- 

 perties. 



36. Never forget the difference between " life " food and " fattening " 

 food ; starch and sugar keep up heat and life, and unless they are supplied, 



