LIST OF TABLES. xxxiii 



PAGE 



179. Sizes, weights, etc., of Gates ball mill 454 



180. Analyses of flint pebbles 465 



181. " " high -alumina clays used for kiln brick 491 



182. " " ' ; " fire-brick for kilns 491 



183. " " low-alumina clays used for kiln brick 492 



184. " " low-alumina brick, furnished as kiln brick 492 



185. Actual output and fuel consumption at various plants 495 



186. Average " " " " Portland-cement plants 495 



187. Heat used in evaporation of water 498 



188. " tt tt dissociation of carbonates per bbl. cement 500 



189. Theoretical heat requirements in B.T.U. per bbl 501 



190. Utilization and losses of heat in rotary kilns 502 



191. Newberry's estimates on heat distribution in kilns 505 



192. Summary of Richards' tests of rotary kilns 507 



193. Tests and estimates of heat distribution, B.T.U. per bbl 509 



194. Analyses of kiln coals 513 



195. " " natural gas, Kansas 523 



196. Thermal values of natural gas. 523 



197. Effect of form of sulphate used 537 



198. " " adding various percentages of calcined plasters 540 



199. " " calcined sulphate on set of cement 541 



200. " ' ' gypsum on setting-time 541 



201. ' ' " calcium sulphate on strength of cement 543 



202. " " " " " " " " 544 



203. " ' ' treatment with anhydrous calcium sulphate. 544 



204. " ' ' ' ' crude gypsum 544 



205. " " " " plaster of Paris 544 



206. Analysis of gypsum used in cement-plants 545 



207. " " calcined plaster used in cement-plants 545 



208. Effect of various salts on set of cement 546 



209. Capacity of Portland-cement barrels, and weight of contents 552-553 



210. Labor costs in cement-plant 558 



211. " and output in typical plants 559 



212. Costs of cement manufacture at Atlas plant 559 



213. Detailed estimates of costs of cement manufacture 560 



214. Approximate cost of two-kiln plant 560 



215. Estimates of average cost of Portland-cement manufacture 561 



216. Total production of Portland cement in U. S 562 



217. Production of P. C. in the U. S. in 1901, 1902, and 1903, by States 563 



218. Portland-cement production of Lehigh district, 1890-1903 564 



219. Imports of hydraulic cement into the U. S., 1899-1903, by countries 564 



220. Analyses of Portland cement, 1849-1873 575 



221. ' ' ' " American Portland cement 577 



222. Fineness of various American Portlands 585 



223. Compressive strength of Portland-cement cubes 589 



224. ' ' " " " mortar and concrete cubes 590 



225. Relation of tensile to compressive strength 591 



226. Modulus of elasticity of Portland cement 592 



