GOVERNMENT AND LAW. 



unless otherwise expressly stipulated in the 

 contract. But in case of conductors, engineers, 

 firemen, or trainmen of railroads, a day's work 

 consists of ten hours. 



PENNSYLVANIA. Eight hours of labor shall 

 be deemed and held to be a legal day's work 

 in all cases of labor and service by the day 

 where there is no agreement or contract to the 

 contrary. This does not apply to farm or 

 agricultural labor by the year, month, or 

 week, to labor in factories, laundries, and ren- 

 ovating establishments, or to labor on street 

 railways. 



Eight hours out of the twenty-four shall 

 make and constitute a day's labor in peniten- 

 tiaries and reformatory institutions receiving 

 support from the State, also for all mechanics, 

 workmen, and laborers in the employ of the 

 State, or of any municipal corporation therein, 

 or otherwise engaged on public works ; this 

 shall be deemed to apply to mechanics, work- 

 ingmen, or laborers in the employ of persons 

 contracting with the State or any municipal 

 corporation therein, for the performance of 

 public work. 



UTAH. Eight hours constitute a day's work 

 upon all public works and in all underground 

 mines or workings, smelters, and all other in- 

 stitutions for the reduction or refining of ores. 



WISCONSIN. In all engagements to labor in 

 any manufacturing or mechanical business, 

 where there is no express contract to the con- 

 trary, a day's work shall consist of eight hours ; 

 but the law does not apply to contracts for 

 labor by the week, month, or year. In all 

 manufactories, workshops, or other places used 

 for mechanical or manufacturing purposes, the 

 time of labor of children under the age of 

 eighteen, and of women employed therein, 

 shall not exceed eight hours in the day. 



WYOMING. Eight hours' actual work con- 

 stitute a legal day's work in all mines and 

 public works. 



UNITED STATES. Eight hours shall consti- 

 tute a day's work for all laborers, workmen, 

 and mechanics who may be employed by or on 

 behalf of the United States. 



PENSION LAWS. 



Any person who has been, since the 4th of 

 March, 1861, disabled in the military or naval 

 service of the United States, or in its marine 

 corps, shall, upon making due proof of the 

 fact, be placed' on the list of invalid pensioners 

 of the United States. No claim for pension 

 on the part of a State militiaman, or non-en- 

 listed person, on account of disability from 

 wounds received in battle, shall be valid un- 

 less prosecuted to a successful issue prior to 

 July 4, 1874. 



* Rate from June, 1880, in case the disability is per- 

 manent and requires the regular aid and attendance of 

 another person. An applicant for increase of pension 

 from $31.25 to $72 per month must furnish the testimony 

 of his physician, or of two credible witnesses, to prove 

 the extent to which he requires the aid and attendance 

 of another person. 



Tke same provision of law which entitles to 

 $31.25 per month entitles to $72 per month, 

 provided that in the latter case the disability is 

 permanent. The loss of a leg above the knee, 

 or an arm at or above the elbow, entitles the 

 person so disabled to a pension of $24 per 

 month after June 4, 1874. 



The rates of $10, $12, $14, and $16 per 

 month will be allowed in cases in which the 

 disability bears the same proportion to that 

 produced by the loss of a hand or foot that 

 those rates bear to the rate of $18 per month. 



Under the pension law of 1890 the soldier 

 who is wholly incapacitated from earning a 

 living receives the sum of $12 a month, 

 whether the disability was contracted in the 

 service or not ; for a lesser degree of disability, 

 $10, $8, or $6. 



The first step to be taken by an applicant 

 for a pension is to file a declaration before a 

 court of record, or before some officer thereof 

 having custody of its seal, setting forth the 

 ground upon which he claims a pension. 

 Blank forms of declaration are furnished upon 

 request at Commissioner of Pensions office. 

 The identity of the applicant must be shown 

 by the testimony of two credible witnesses, 

 who must appear with him before the officer 



