250 



THE CENTURY BOOK OF FACTS. 



HALPINB, Charles Graham (Miles O'Reilly), 

 1829-68, Ir.-Am. journalist and poet. 



HAMILTON, Alexander, 1757-1804, Am. 

 orator, statesman, financier, and general ; born 

 in the West Indies ; secretary and aide-de- 

 camp to Washington in Revolutionary war ; 

 chosen to the Continental Congress, 1782, but 

 resigned in order to practice law ; leading 

 member of the convention of 1787 : secretary 

 of the treasury, 1789-95 ; became recognized 

 leader of the Federal party. Hamilton died 

 from a wound received in a duel with Aaron 

 Burr, and his death was deeply deplored. 



HAMILTON, Sir William, 1788-1856, Scot, 

 metaphysician. 



HAMLIN, Hannibal, 1809-91, Am. states- 

 man. 



HAMPDEN, John, 1594-1643, Eng. statesman 

 and reformer ; entered Parliament in 1620 ; 

 denied the authority of the crown to levy ton- 

 nage without the consent of Parliament, and 

 refused to contribute to the force loan ordered 

 by King Charles, for which he was imprisoned ; 

 regaining his liberty and reentering Parlia- 

 ment, he ably and firmly resisted the arbitrary 

 measures of the crown ; intending, with his 

 coiisin, Oliver Cromwell, to emigrate in 1638, 

 they were detained by order of council ; in 

 1640 he led the opposition in the Long Parlia- 

 ment, and was the most popular public man 

 in England ; impeached for high treason in 

 1642, together with four other members, the 

 Commons refused to surrender them, although 

 the king personally led his guard in an attempt 

 to arrest them in their seats ; Hampden after- 

 ward raised a regiment for the Parliamentary 

 army, and, after displaying great courage in 

 numerous engagements, was' slain in a skir- 

 mish. 



HANCOCK, John, 1737-93, Am. statesman ; 

 president of the Continental Congress. 



HANCOCK, Winfield Scott, 1824-86, Am. 

 general ; second in command at Gettysburg ; 

 Democratic candidate for president in 1880. 



HANDEL, George Frederick, 1684-1759, 

 Ger. composer; settled in England in 1712; 

 " The Messiah, "the greatest of oratorios, was 

 produced, 1741 ; Handel was stricken with 

 blindness. 1751, but continued to conduct his 

 oratorios ; buried in Westminster Abbey. 



HANNIBAL, 247-183 B. C., Carthaginian 

 general ; considered the greatest general of the 

 world ; sworn by his father, Hamilcar Barca, 

 to eternal enmity toward Rome ; became com- 

 mander of the Carthaginian forces, 221 B. C. ; 

 subdued several powerful Spanish tribes, and 

 in 219 captured Saguntum ; crossed the Alps, 

 218; defeated the Romans near the Ticinus 

 and on the banks of the Trebia ; routed Fla- 

 minius at Lake Thrasymene, 217 ; almost de- 



stroyed a superior Roman army near Cannae, 

 216 ; captured Capua ; recalled to Carthage to 

 repel*a Roman invasion under Scipio Africa- 

 nus, he was defeated at Zama in 202 ; ban- 

 ished from Carthage about 194, through the 

 enmity of the aristocracy ; finally ended his 

 life by taking poison, to escape falling into 

 the hands of the Romans. 



HAROUN AL RASCHID, 7667-809, caliph of 

 Bagdad. 



HARRISON, William Henry, 1773-1841, Am. 

 'general and ninth president. 



HARVARD, John, 1608?-88, founder of Har- 

 vard College. 



HARVEY, William, 1578-1657, Eng. physi- 

 cian and anatomist, and the greatest of physi- 

 ologists ; discovered the circulation of the 

 blood. 



HASDRUBAL, 207 B. C., Punic 



general ; brother of Hannibal ; defeated the 

 Scipios ; slain at the Metaurus. 



HASTINGS, Warren, 1732-1818, Br. general 

 and statesman ; president of the Council of 

 Bengal, and governor-general of India ; de- 

 feated Hyder Ali, king of Mysore ; after per- 

 petrating great outrages in order to replenish 

 the treasury, he resigned in 1775 and returned 

 to England ; impeached soon afterward, and 

 opposed in his trial by Burke, Sheridan, and 

 Fox, but acquitted. 



HAVELOCK, Sir Henry, 1795-1857, Br. gen- 

 eral ; defeated the Sepoys in India, and re- 

 lieved Lucknow. 



HAWTHORNE, Nathaniel, 1804-64, Am. au- 

 thor. 



HAYDN, Joseph, 1732*1809, Ger. musical 

 composer ; his masterpiece, the oratorio of 

 " The Creation," was produced in 1798. 



HAYDON, Benjamin Robert, 1786-1848, Eng. 

 painter. 



HAYES, Isaac Israel, 1832-81, Am. Arctic 

 explorer. 



HAYES, Rutherford Birchard, 1822-93, nine- 

 teenth president of the United States ; born in 

 Connecticut ; admitted to the bar, 1845 ; brig- 

 adier general in civil war; Congress, 1865-8; 

 governor of Ohio, 1868-76 ; Republican can- 

 didate for the presidency, 1876 ; inaugurated 

 president, 1877, the electoral commission to 

 determine the result of the election of 1876 

 having decided, by a vote of eight to seven, 

 that Hayes had received 185 electoral votes as 

 against 184 for Samuel J. Tilden, the Demo- 

 cratic candidate. 



HAYNE, Robert Young, 1791-1840, Am. 

 orator and statesman ; opponent of Webster in 

 discussing the Constitution ; governor of South 

 Carolina. 



HAZLITT, William, 1778-1830, Eng. critic 

 and writer. 



