404 



THE CENTURY BOOK OF FACTS. 



(c) Used in constipation, and to lower the 

 system. Made into the infusion. 



(rf) Dose. 5 grains to 25, rubbed down with 

 ginger and sugar. 



Soda, Bicarbonate of. 



(a) Physical properties. A heavy white 

 powder, without smell, and tasting slightly 

 soapy. Entirely soluble in water. 



(b) Therapeutical effects. Anti-acid. 



(c) Used in the manufacture of effervescing 

 draughts, and for acidities of the stomach. 



(d) Dose. 5 to 30 grains. 



Soda, Sulphate of. Glauber's salts. 



(a) Physical properties. Crystals, of an ex- 

 ceedingly bitter taste, and without smell. Solu- 

 ble in water. 



(b) Therapeutical effect*,. Purgative and 

 diuretic. 



(c) Used in costiveness. 



(d) Dose. % to 1 ounce. 



Spirit of Ammonia (aromatic). 



(a) Physical properties. A compound, con- 

 taining carbonate of ammonia and aromatics, 

 with spirit ; and possessing an aromatic, warm, 

 and alkaline taste. Miscible with water, which 

 it renders milky. 



(b) Therapeutical effects. Stimulant and 

 cordial. 



(c) Used as the ordinary diffusible stimulus 

 in faintings and hysteria ; also added to senna 

 to prevent griping. 



(d) Dose. 30 to 60 drops. 

 Spirit of Ammonia (fend). 



(a) Physical properties. The same as the 

 above, with the addition of asafcetida. 



(b) Therapeutical effects. Stimulant and an- 

 tispasmodic. 



(c) Used in hysterical fits. 



(d) Dose. 30 to 60 drops. 



Spirit of Horse-radish (compound). 



(a) Mix 20 ounces of sliced horse-radish, 

 20 ounces of dried orange peel, 5 drachms of 

 bruised nutmegs, and a gallon of rectified spirit 

 with 10 pints of water ; then distill to a gallon, 

 with a slow fire. 



(b) Therapeutical effects. Stimulant, diapho- 

 retic and diuretic. 



(c) Used internally in dyspepsia, and in pa- 

 ralysis, externally rubbed into the skin. 



(d) Dose. 1 to 2 drachms. 



Spirit of Nitric Ether. Sweet spirits 

 of niter. 9 



(a) Physical properties. A colorless, trans- 

 parent, volatile, inflammable fluid, of an ethe- 

 real odor. 



(b) Therapeutical effects. Cooling, diuretic, 

 and diaphoretic ; also slightly antispasmodic. 



(c) Used in febrile diseases, dropsy, and 

 spasm. 



(d) Dose. 20 to 60 minima, largely diluted. 



Squill. The sea onion. 



(a) A root of a pear shape, covered with 

 several thin dry tissues, under which are oval, 

 flaky, red or white scales ; odor, pungent ; 

 taste, acrid and bitter. Imparts its virtue to 

 vinegar, spirits, and water. 



(b) Therapeutical effects. Expectorant, 

 emetic, diuretic. 



(c) Used in chronic bronchitis and asthma. 



(d) Dose. 2 to 6 grains. Syrup of squills, 

 dose, 1 to l drachms. 



Syrup of Iodide of Iron is used in order 

 to preserve the iodide of iron from injury. 



(b) Therapeutical effects. Alterative, and 

 affording the effects of iron and iodine. 



(c) Used in scrofulous diseases, and in cachec- 

 tic states of the system. 



(d) Dose. 20 to 40 minims. 

 Turpentine, Spirit of. 



(a) Physical properties. A limpid, colorless 

 fluid, of a strong odor and hot taste, exceed- 

 ingly inflammable. 



(b) Therapeutical effects. Stimulant, diuretic, 

 carthartic, and destructive to worms. 



(c) Used in hemorrhages, lumbago, etc., and 

 to destroy worms ; also externally as a rubefa- 

 cient. 



(d) Done. 10 drops to 30 internally, or 2 to 

 4 drachms mixed with castor oil as a vermi- 

 fuge ; but it should not be given internally 

 without the sanction of a physician. 



Tincture of Camphor (compound.) Par- 

 egoric elixir. 



(a) A tincture containing camphor, opium, 

 anise, and benzoic acid. 



(b) Used in coughs. 



(c) Dose. 1 drachm. 

 Tincture of Ginger. 

 Dose. 1 drachm. 



Tincture of Iodine. (See IODINE.) 



Dose. 5 to 15 minims. 



Tincture of Myrrh, 



Dose. 30 to 60 minims. Useful as a wash 

 for the teeth. Rarely used internally. 



Tincture of Opium. Laudanum. 



Dose. 6 to 20 minims. 



Tincture of Quinine. 



Dose. Teaspoonful. 



Tincture of Rhubarb (compound). A 

 very warm, useful preparation. 



Dose. 2 to 4 drachms. 



Tincture of Valerian (compound). 



Dose. 30 to 60 minims, in dyspepsia and 

 hysteria. 



Tolu, Balsam of. 



(a) Physical properties. Of considerable con- 

 sistence ; reddish brown in color ; odor, very 

 pungent; taste, warm, and sweetish. 



(b) Therapeutical effects. A stimulant ex- 

 pectorant. 



