DOMESTIC ECONOMY, HYGIENE, DIETETICS. 



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grains ; tartra.te of iron and potassa, 10 grains ; 

 pure spring water, 10 gallons. 



Hot drinks, as tea, coffee, hot water, while 

 aiding in the washing out of waste material, 

 also tend to cool the body by increasing the 

 perspiration. 



Besides the sour lemonade, raspberry vine- 

 gar and orangeade, whose pleasant taste and 

 thirst-relieving properties are well known, 

 many other essences and fruit juices contain- 

 ing more or less acid are used to relieve thirst. 



Unfermented grape juice is recommended 

 as an excellent beverage for invalids, being 

 wholly free from alcohol. 



Root beer, sarsaparilla and ginger ale are 

 non-alcoholic and are wholesome when pure. 



The great American drink is soda in all its 

 various forms. Soda water, which, by the 

 way, contains no soda whatever, is water 

 charged with carbonic acid gas, and flavored 

 to suit the taste. 



ANTIDOTES FOR POISONS. 



The following list gives some of the more 

 common poisons and the remedies most likely 

 to be on hand in case of need : 



Acids. These cause great heat and sensa- 

 tion of burning pain from the mouth down to 

 the stomach. The remedies are : Magnesia, 

 soda, pearl ash, or soap dissolved in water, 

 every two minutes ; then use the stomach 

 pump or an emetic. 



Alkali. Drink freely of water with vinegar 

 or lemon juice in it, made very strong of the 

 sour. 



Ammonia. Remedy is lemon juice or vin- 

 egar. 



Arsenic Remedies. Give prompt emetic of 

 mustard and salt, a tablespoonful of each, in 

 a ccifeecup of warm water ; then follow with 

 sweet oil, butter made warm, or milk. Also 

 may use the white of an egg in half a cupful 

 of milk or lime water. Chalk and water is 

 good, and the preparation of iron, ten drops 

 in water every half hour ; hydrated magnesia. 



Alcohol. First cleanse out the stomach by 

 an emetic, then dash cold water on the head, 

 and give ammonia (spirits of hartshorn). 



Laudanum, Morphine, Opium. First give a 

 strong emetic of mustard and water, then very 

 strong coffee and acid drinks ; dash cold water 

 on the head, then keep in motion. 



Belladona. Give an emetic of mustard, salt 

 and water ; then drink plenty of vinegar and 

 water or lemonade. 



Charcoal. In poisons, by carbonic gas, re- 

 move the patient to the open air, dash cold 

 water on the head and body, and stimulate the 

 nostrils and lungs with hartshorn, at the same 

 time rubbing the chest briskly. 



Corrosive Sublimate, Saltpetre, Blue Vitriol, 

 Bedbug Poison. Give white of egg, freshly 

 mixed with water, in large quantities ; or give 

 wheat flour and water, or soap and water freely, 

 or salt and water, or large draughts of milk. 



Lead. White lead and sugar of lead. Give 

 an emetic, then follow with cathartics, such 

 as castor oil, and Epsom salts especially. 



Nux Vomica. First emetics, and then 

 brandy. 



Oxalic Acid (frequently taken for Epsom 

 salts) . First give soap and water, or chalk or 

 magnesia and water. Give every two min- 

 utes. 



White Vitriol. Give plenty of milk and 

 water. 



Tartar Emetic. Take large doses of tea 

 made of white oak bark, or peruvian bark. 

 Drink plenty of warm water to encourage vom- 

 iting; then, if the vomiting should not stop, 

 give a grain of opium in water. 



Nitrate of Silver (lunar caustic). Give a 

 strong solution of common salt and water, and 

 then an emetic. 



Verdigris. Give plenty of white of egg and 

 water. 



Tobacco. Emetics, frequent draughts of 

 cold water ; camphor and brandy. 



COSMETICS. 



This term is usually applied to substances 

 used for the purpose of beautifying the skin. 

 They may be divided into two kinds : those 

 which are injurious and even dangerous by rea- 

 son of some of the ingredients of which -they 

 are really composed; and those which, though 

 harmless in themselves, are highly injurious 

 when applied to the skin, because they arrest 

 that insensible perspiration through the pores 

 by which the temperature of the body is pre- 

 served and a large part of its refuse matter 

 thrown off. Under the first class fall nearly 

 all those French preparations, so often used in 

 the toilet, such as pearl-white, beruse, rouge, 

 and the like ; these are never composed of the 

 harmless materials which are claimed to be 

 employed, and in rouge arsenic has repeatedly 

 been detected. The least objectionable article 

 used as a cosmetic is the mixture of hydrated 

 oxide of bismuth with the subnitrate of the 

 same metal, known as the magister of bismuth. 

 Applied to the skin, its only injurious effects 

 appear to be the interruption of the insensible 

 perspiration referred to above, which after 

 long-continued use produces a tendency to 

 clamminess ; a slight nausea, too, is sometimes 

 experienced in consequence of its use, accom- 

 panied with spasms and flatulence. It has the 

 disagreeable quality, however, of turning black 

 on the face when exposed to sulphureted hy- 



