RELIGION, EDUCATION, FINE ARTS. 



523 



scientific point of view, and therefore entitled 

 to be called the founder of the philosophy of 

 art. All sensuous apprehension, not in one 

 form or manifestation only, but in every possi- 

 ble form or manifestation , was included in his 

 view of the subject, and this conception he | 

 expressed by the word ^Esthetics, from the i 

 Greek aisthanomai, I feel indicating not ab- ! 

 solute or objective knowledge of things, but j 

 such as is conditioned subjectively by the play ' 

 of our sensibilities. Beauty was, with Baum- 

 garten, the result of the highest and purest 

 aesthetic perception, to the realization of which 



the finer portion of our nature aspires ; and to 

 trace which, through the whole sphere of art, 

 was the work of aesthetic philosophy. 



COMPULSORY SCHOOL LAWS. 



United States. Twenty-nine States and two 

 Territories have passed compulsory school laws 

 defining the ages to which the law shall apply, 

 the annual term of school attendance, p,nd the 

 penalty imposed upon parents or guardians for 

 violation of the law. 



These requirements are summarized in the 

 following table : 



Compulsory Education Requirements in the United States. 



STATE. 



AGE. 



ANNUAL PERIOD. 



PENALTY ON PARENTS OR GUARDIANS. 



Maine . 



New Hampshire 



Vermont 



Massachusetts 



Rhode Island 



Connecticut 



York. 



New Jersey.. . 

 Pennsylvania. 



District of Columbia. 



West Virginia 



Kentucky 



Ohio. 



Indiana , 



Illinois 

 Michigan.. 



Wisconsin. 

 Minnesota 



North Dakota. 



South Dakota. 



Nebraska 



Kansas . . . 



Montana 



Wyoming . .. 

 Colorado 

 New Mexico. 



Utah.... 

 Nevada . 

 Idaho . . 



Washington. 

 Oregon 



California. 



8-15 



6-16 

 8-15 



8-14 or 15 



7-15 



a 8-14 or 15 



a 8-14 



&7-12 

 a 8-13 



C6-15 

 8-14 

 7-14 



a 8-14 



8-14 



7-14 

 f/8-14 



7-13 

 8-16 



8-14 



8-14 

 8-14 

 8-14 



8-14 



66-21 

 8-14 

 8-16 



8-14 

 C8-14 



8-14 



8-15 

 8-14 



8-14 



16 weeks (2 terms of 8 weeks 

 each, if practicable). 



12 weeks 



20 weeks 



30 weeks 



12 weeks ; 6 consecutive 



8 to 13 years of age, 24 weeks ; 

 13 to 14, 12 weeks. 



8 to 12 years of age and un- 

 employed youths 14 to 16, full 

 term ;" for children 12 to 14, 

 at least 80 days consecutive. 



20 weeks ; 8 consecutive 



70 per cent, of the entire term 



12 weeks ; 6 consecutive. 



16 weeks 



8 consecutive weeks.. . 



20 weeks, city district; 16 

 weeks, village and town- 

 ship districts. 



12 consecutive weeks 



16 weeks ; 8 consecutive. 

 16 weeks ; 6 consecutive. 



12 weeks 



12 weeks ; 6 consecutive 



.do 



....do 



12 weeks 



12 weeks ; 6 consecutive 



...do... 



12 weeks 



12 weeks ; 8 consecutive. 

 12 weeks... 



16 weeks ; 10 consecutive. 

 16 weeks; 8 consecutive.. 

 ...do.. 



12 weeks 



12 weeks ; 8 consecutive. 



Two thirds of school term ; 12 

 weeks consecutive. 



Fine, $25 (maximum). 



Each offense, $10 (maximum). 



Fine, $10 to $50. 



Each offense, forfeit not exceeding $20. 



Each offense, fine $20 (maximum). 



For each week's neglect, fine $5 (maximum). 



First offense, fine $5 (maximum) ; each sub- 

 sequent offense, $50 (maximum) or im- 

 prisonment 30 days. 



Each offense, $10 to $25, or imprisonment 1 

 to 3 months. 



First offense, $2 (maximum); each subse- 

 quent offense, $5 (maximum). 



Fine, $20 (maximum). 



Fine, not exceeding $5. 



Fine, $5 to $20 (first offense); $10 to $50 

 each subsequent offense. 



Fine, $5 to $20. 



$10 to $50; also, if court so orders, im- 

 prisonment 2 to 90 days. 



Fine, $3 to $20. 



First offense, $5 to $10; each subsequent 

 offense, $10 (minimum). 



Fine, $3 to $20. 



First offense, $10 to $25; each subsequent 

 offense, $25 to $50. 



First offense, $5 to $20; each subsequent 

 offense, $10 to $50. 



Fine, $10 to $20. 



Each offense, $10 to $50. 



First offense, fine $5 to $10; each subse^. 

 quent offense, $10 to $20. 



Each offense, $5 to $20, or 30 days' imprison- 

 ment. 



Each offense, $25-(maximum). 



Each offense, $5 to $25. 



Fine, $1 to $25, or imprisonment for not. 

 more than 10 days. 



First offense, $10 (maximum) ; each subse-- 

 quent offense, $30. 



First offense, $50 to $100 ; each subsequent 

 offense, $100 to $200. 



First, $5 to $20; subsequent offenses, $10 to 

 $50. 



Fine, $10 to $25. 



First offense, $5 to $25 ; subsequent offense, 

 $25 to $50. 



First offense, $20; each subsequent offense, 

 $20 to $50. 



a To 16 if unemployed in labor. 



b The law applies to youths 12 to 16 years of age if discharged from employment in order to receive instruction, 



c Law not enforced. 



d In cities, 7 to 16. 



e Penalty imposed only for children T to 16. 



