558 



THE CENTURY BOOK OF FACTS. 



spai jte faculties or board of administration : 

 Harvard College, Lawrence Scientific School, 

 Graduate School, Divinity School, Law School, 

 Medical School, Dental School, School of Veter- 

 inary Medicine, Bussey Institution (a school of 

 agriculture), Arnold Arboretum, University 

 Library, Museum of Comparative Zoology, 

 University Museum, Botanic Garden, Herba- 

 rium, Astronomical Observatory, Peabody Mu- 

 seum of American Archeology and Ethnology. 

 Radcliffe College, formerly known as the Har- 

 vard Annex for women, though intimately con- 

 nected with the University, is still a separate 

 institution. The degrees granted by the Uni- 

 versity are : Bachelor of arts, of agricultural 

 science, of divinity, of laws, of science, mas- 

 ter of arts, and doctor of philosophy, science, 

 laws, medicine, veterinary medicine, and den- 

 tistry. Since the foundation of Harvard Col- 

 lege, nearly twenty thousand students, in all, 

 have been graduated, of whom some eleven 

 thousand are alive. 



Yale University was founded in 1701 by 

 the Revs, John Pierrepont, Andrew, and 

 Russel; Cl Branford and Milford, three grad- 

 uate* of Harvard, assisted by Cotton and 

 Inciease Mather, Eleazor Kimberly, John 

 Eliot, and the judges of the General Court 

 then in session at New Haven. The first gift 

 to the projected school consisted of books from 

 the libraries of each of the three founders, and 

 of 637 acres of wild land given by-Major James 

 Fitch, who also agreed to furnish, without 

 cost, the glass and nails for the college house. 

 The trustees first placed the school at Saybrook, 

 provided for a baccalaureate course of three 

 years, with three further years for the mas- 

 ter's degree, and fixed the price of tuition at 

 thirty shillings for undergraduates and ten 

 shillings for graduates. The first degree was 

 given to Nathaniel Chauncy, who passed all 

 examinations, after mere private study. In 

 1717 the college was removed to the town of 

 New Haven, which had offered 2,000 and 

 eight acres, but, owing to the division between 

 the trustees concerning the best site, some of 

 the students went to Saybrook, others to East 

 Guilford, others to Wethersfield and Hartford, 

 and others again to New Haven, accord- 

 ing to their preferences and those of their 

 tutors. As a consequence, two commence- 

 ments were held in 1717, one at Wethersfield 

 and one at New Haven. The controversy was 

 ended by the gift of Elihu Yale, the former 

 governor of Madras, whose official conduct and 

 rapid acquisition of wealth had led to his 

 recall to England. Cotton Mather wrote to 

 him for help, promising the adoption of hie 

 name by the new college, and Governor 

 Yale accordingly sent to New Haven thre 



bales of goods, a portrait of George I., the 

 royal coat of arms, and a box of books. In 

 1721 Elihu Yale died, leaving 500 to the 

 school that bore his name ; but for certain rea- 

 sons the will could not be probated, and the 

 money was lost to the college. In 1722, Rec- 

 tor Cutler and several of the tutors changed 

 their faith from the Congregational church to 

 the Episcopal church, which led to their 

 enforced resignation. As a consequence there 

 ensued an interregnum of three years, during 

 which the college was without rector or proper 

 instruction. At the end of this period the 

 charter was amended. In 1729 the college 

 received valuable gifts from Bishop Berkeley, 

 the philosopher, and in 1752 Benjamin Frank- 

 lin added a collection of books. By a new 

 charter of 1744, the Collegiate School became 

 Yale College. During the War of the Revo- 

 lution, the college was twice suspended. When 

 Washington came to New Haven the students 

 formed a company, and, with Xoah Webster 

 as their cornet, gave Washington the first mil- 

 itary escort in New England. Commencements 

 were' not resumed until 1781. Professional 

 schools were added during the presidency of 

 Day. Advanced instruction for graduates was 

 begun in 1847. The first degrees in philos- 

 ophy were given three years later. The Shef- 

 field Scientific School was organized in 1859. 

 The Art School, succeeding the Trumbull Ar\ 

 Gallery, was erected in 1864, with the Peabody 

 Museum and Conservatory of Music following 

 shortly afterward. 



The rectors and presidents all clergymen, 

 the first six of whom were Harvard graduates, 

 all the rest graduating from Yale have been ; 

 Abraham Pierson, 1701-1707 ; Samuel An- 

 drew, 1707-1719 ; Timothy Cutler, 1719-1722 ; 

 Samuel Andres, 1724-1725 ; Elisha Williams, 

 1725-1739;' Thomas Clapp, 1739-1760; Naph- 

 tali Daggett, 1766-1777; Ezra Styles, 1777- 

 1795 ; Timothy Dwight, 1795-1817 ; Jeremiah 

 Day, 1817-1846; Theodore D. Woolsey, 1846- 

 1871 ; Noah Porter, 1871-1886 ; timothy 

 Dwight, 1886-1899 ; Arthur T. Hadley, LL.D.. 

 1899-. The University comprises four depart- 

 ments, each under a distinct faculty, to wit : 

 Philosophy and art, theology, medicine, and 

 law. The first embraces the academical de- 

 partment of Yale College, with the Sheffield 

 Scientific School, Graduate School, and tho 

 School of Fine Arts and Music, each with its 

 own organization and corps of instructors. The 

 library, Peabody Museum, and observatory 

 have independent organizations. The degrees 

 are: B.A., B.S., M.A., B.D., LL.B., Ph.B., 

 C.E., M.E., M.D., Ph.D., LL.D., D.C.L., 

 with further degrees in fine arts and music. 

 In all departments, nearly seventeen thousand 



