584 



THE CENTURY BOOK OF FACTS. 



The wood of some tools will last longer than 

 the metals, as in spades, hoes, and plows. In 

 other tools the wood is first gone, as in wagons, 

 wheelbarrows, and machines. Such wood 

 should be painted or oiled ; the paint not only 

 looks well, but preserves the wood ; petroleum 

 oil is as good as any other. 



Hard wood stumps decay in five or six years ; 

 spruce stumps decay in about the same time ; 

 hemlock stumps in eight to nine years ; cedar, 

 eight to nine years ; pine stumps, never. 



Cedar, oak, yellow pine, and chestnut are 

 the most durable woods in dry places. 



Timber intended for posts is rendered almost 

 proof against rot by thorough seasoning, char- 

 ring, and immersion in hot coal tar. 



Time in Which Money Doubles. 



SIMPLE 

 INTEREST. 



50 years 35 years 

 "years 28yrs26da 



33 y rs .4 mo 23 y rs 164 da 

 3% 28 yrs 208da 20 yrs 54 da 



25 years 17 yrs 246 da 

 4V 2 22 yrs 81 da 15 yrs273da 



COMP. 

 INTEREST. 



SIMPLE 

 INTEREST. 



COMP. 

 INTEREST, 



20 years 14 yrs 75 da 

 16 yrs 8 mo 11 yrs 327 da 

 14 yrs 104da! 10 yrs 89 da 

 12% years 9 yrs 2 days 

 11 yrs 40 da|8 yrs 16 da 

 10 years |7yrsluOda 



"A Dollar Saved, a Dollar Earned." 



The way to accumulate money is to save 

 small sums with regularity. A small sum 

 saved daily for fifty years will grow at the 

 following rate : 



Daily Savings. Result. 



Sixty cents $57,024 



Seventy cents 66,528 



Daily Savings. Result. 



One cent $950 



Ten cents 9,504 



Twenty cents 19,006 



Thirty cents 28,512 



Forty cents 38,015 



Fifty cents 47,520 



Eighty cents 76,032 



Ninety cents. 85,537 



One dollar 95,208 



Pecuniary Value of Metals. Few 



people have any idea of the value of precious 

 metals other than gold, silver, and copper, 

 which are commonly supposed to be the most 

 precious of all. There are many metals more 

 valuable and infinitely rarer. The following 

 table gives the names and prices of all the 

 known metals of pecuniary worth : 



Price, Av. Pound 



Gallium $68,600.00 



Vanadium 10 780.00 



Rubidium 9,800.00 



Thorium 8,330.00 



Glucinium 5,800.00 



Calcium 4,900.00 



Lanthanum 4,900.00 



Lithium 4,900.00 



Indium 4,410.00 



Tantalum 4,410.00 



Yttrium 4,410.00 



Didy mium 4,410.00 



Strontium 4,200.00 



Arium 3,6 7 5.00 



Erbium 3,6 T 5.00 



Ruthenium 2,695.00 



Niobium 2,, 50.00 



Rhodium 2,i50.00 



Barium i ,960 00 



Titanium 1,102.00 



Zirconium 1,040.00 



Osmium 1,040.00 



Uranium 980.00 



Palladium 560.00 



Price, Av. Pound 



Tellurium $490.00 



Chromium 490.00 



Gold f . . 300.00 



Molybdenum 245.00 



Platinum 141.00 



Thallium 122.50 



Iridium ) 112.00 



Tungsten 36.00 



Potassium 28.00 



Selenium 18.80 



Cobalt g.OO 



Magnesium 4.50 



Bismuth 2.75 



Sodium 2.50 



Cadmium 1.30 



Manganese 1.10 



Arsenic . 



Aluminium 



Tin 



Copper 



Antimony 



Zinc 



Lead 



.40 

 .M 

 .30 

 .38 



.11; 

 .11 



VALUE OF METALS AS CONDUCTORS. 



Heat. Electricity. 



Gold 100 94 



Platinum... 98 16 



Silver 97 



Copper 90 



74 

 100 



Iron 



Zinc. 



Tin.. 



Lead 18 



Heat. Electricity. 

 . 37 16 



.36 29 



30 15 



8 



TENACITY OF METALS. 



A wire, 0.84 of a line in diameter, will sustain weights 

 as follows : 



Lead 28 Ibs. 



Tin 35 " 



Zinc 110 " 



Gold 150 " 



Silver 187 Ibs. 



Platinum 274 " 



Copper 302 " 



Iron 549 " 



FLUID DENSITY OF METALS. 



Zinc 6.48 Copper 8.22 



Iron 6.88 Silver 9.51 



Tin 7.03 Lead 10.37 



Mode of Execution in Every Country. 



Country. Mode. Publicity. 



Austria Gallows Public. 



Bavaria Guillotine Private. 



Belgium Guillotine Public. 



Brunswick Ax Private. 



China Sword or cord Public. 



Denmark Guillotine Public. 



Ecuador Musket Public. 



France Guillotine Public. 



Great Britain Gallows Private. 



Hanover Guillotine Private. 



Italy Sword or gallows* Public. 



Netherlands Gallows Public. 



Oldenberg Musket Public. 



Portugal Gallows Public. 



Prussia Sword .Private. 



Russia Musket, gallows, or sword... Public. 



Saxony ..Guillotine Private. 



Spain Garrote Public. 



Switzerland 



Fifteen cantons.. Sword Public. 



Two cantons Guillotine Public. 



Two cantons Guillotine Private. 



United States (other 



than N. Y., Ohio I Mostly 



and Massachusetts)Gallows (Private. 



N.Y., Ohio, and Mass. Electricity Private. 



* Capital punishment abolished in 1876. 



Great Fires and Conflagrations. 



London, September 2-6, 1666 Eighty-nine 

 churches, many public buildings, and 13,200 

 houses destroyed ; 400 streets laid waste, 200,- 

 000 persons homeless. The ruins covered 436 

 acres. 



New York, Dec. 16, 1835. 600 buildings; 

 loss, $20,000,000. Sep. 6, 1839. $10,000,- 

 000 worth of property. 



Pittsburg, April 10, 18451,000 build- 

 ings ; loss, $6,000,000. 



Philadelphia, July 9, 1850. 350 buildings ; 

 loss, $1 ,500,000 ; 25 persons killed ; 9 drowned ; 

 120 wounded. 



St. Louis, May 4, 1851. Large portion of 

 the city burned f loss, $15,000,000. 



San Francisco, May 3-5, 1851 2,500 



buildings; loss, $3,500,000; many lives lost. 

 June 22, 1851. 500 buildings; loss, $3,000,- 

 000. 



Santiago (Spain), Dec. 8, 1863. A fire in 

 the church of the Campania, beginning amid 

 combustible ornaments ; 2,000 persons killed, 

 mostly women. 



Charleston, S. C., Feb. 17, 1865. Almost 



