602 



THE CENTURY BOOK OF FACTS. 



and thirty-five feet deep at low tide admit- 

 ting the largest ships afloat without danger of 

 grounding. The landlocked bay, of which this 

 harbor is part, is fifty miles long, and averages 

 five miles in width. There all the shipping of 

 the entire globe could anchor in perfect safety. 

 Port Philip Bay, the chief harbor of Victoria, 

 Australia, is larger than the bay of San Fran- 

 cisco, being about thirty-eight miles long by 

 thirty-three broad, but its very breadth, with 

 its surroundings, leaves it exposed to storms 

 from certain quarters. Port Jackson, on which 

 Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, is lo- 

 cated, is a magnificent harbor, completely land- 

 locked, extending inland in some places fully 

 twenty miles, and having ample depth of water 

 for vessels of the heaviest burden. The har- 

 bors of New York city, Rio Janeiro, Brazil, 

 and Havana, Cuba, are capacious and secure. 

 Next come those of Boston, Norfolk, Va., Port- 

 land, Me., Halifax, N. S., Copenhagen, Con- 

 stantinople, Hong Kong, Yokohama, and Na- 

 gasaki. The great ports situated on the banks 

 of rivers, such as London, Liverpool, Glasgow, 

 Lisbon, Philadelphia, New Orleans, Quebec, 

 Shanghai, Canton, Calcutta, etc., are not in- 

 cluded in the definition of harbors as here con- 

 sidered. 



Bunker Hill Monument. The corner 

 stone of this monument was laid on the fiftieth 

 anniversary of the battle of Bunker Hill, June 

 17, 1825, by Lafayette, and the oration was 

 pronounced by Daniel Webster. It is a* square 

 shaft of Quincy granite, 221 feet high, 31 feet 

 square at the base, and 15 feet at the top. 

 Inside the shaft is a round, hollow cone, 7 feet 

 wide at the bottom, and 4 feet 2 inches at the 

 top, encircled by a winding staircase containing 

 224 stone steps, which leads to a chamber 11 

 feet in diameter immediately under the apex. 

 The chamber has four windows, and contains 

 two cannons, named Hancock and Adams, re- 

 spectively, which were used in the war. The 

 monument was completed and was dedicated 

 June 17, 1843. 



Commune, Paris, was an organized band 

 of Socialists, who attempted to establish a rev- 

 olutionary government in Paris in 1871. Be- 

 fore they were suppressed by the army of the 

 republic, they became absolute masters of Paris, 

 and committed astrocious acts of cruelty and 

 vandalism. They arrested the Bishop of Paris 

 and other prominent citizens, and imprisoned 

 them. They set fire to the public buildings, 

 and endeavored to destroy the ancient monu- 

 ments and treasures of art. Among the build- 

 ings which were destroyed were the Tuileries, 

 the Palais de Justice, the Palais Royal, and the 

 Hotel de Ville, and the Louvre Gallery was 

 partly burned. The Column Vendome, erected 



in honor of Napoleon, was one of the first mon- 

 uments to fall. Darboy, the Archbishop of 

 Paris, Bonjean, President of the Court of Cas- 

 sation, and others whom they held as hostages, 

 were shot. In short, they seemed to be pos- 

 sessed with a very frenzy of hatred against all 

 government and all order, and wantonly de- 

 stroyed property and human life. The revo- 

 lution was finally suppressed on May 27, and 

 25,000 of the Communists were taken prisoners, 

 some of whom were put to death, while a large 

 number were banished. In justice it must be 

 said that the more intelligent and honest lead- 

 ers of the Commune were discarded before the 

 most astrocious acts were committed. 



Alien Holders of Our Lands. The 

 following is a table of the leading alien hold- 

 ers of lands in the United States, with amount 

 of holdings in acres : 



An English syndicate, No. 3, in Texas 3,000,000 



The Holland Land Company, New Mexico 4,500.000 



Sir Edw. Reid and a syndicate, Florida 2,000,000 



English syndicate in Mississippi 1,800.000 



Marquis of Tweedale 1,750,000 



Phillips, Marshall & Co., London 1,300,000 



German-American syndicate, London 750,000 



Bryan H. Evans, of London 700,000 



Duke of Sutherland 425,000 



British Land Company in Kansas 320,000 



Wm. Wharley, M.P., Peterboro, England 310,000 



Missouri Land Company, Edinburgh, Scotland 300,000 



Robert Tennent, of London 230.000 



Dundee Land Company, Scotland 247,000 



LordDunmore 120,000 



Benjamin Neugas, Liverpool 100,000 



Lord Houghton in Florida 60,000 



Lord Dunraven in Colorado 60,000 



English Land Company in Florida 50,000 



English Land Company in Arkansas 50,000 



Albert Peel, M.P., Leicestershire, England 10,000 



Sir J. L. Kay, Yorkshire, England 5,000 



Alexander Grant, of London, in Kansas 35,000 



English syndicate, Wisconsin 110,000 



M. Ellerhauser, of Halifax, in West Virginia. . 600,000 



A Scotch syndicate in Florida 500,000 



A. Boysen, Danish consul in Milwaukee 50,000 



Missouri Land Company, of Edinburgh 165,000 



Total 20,647,000 



To these syndicate holdings, should be added 

 the following : The Arkansas Valley Com- 

 pany in Colorado, a foreign corporation, whose 

 inclosures embrace upwards of 1,000,000 acres ; 

 the Prairie Cattle Company (Scotch) in Col- 

 orado, upwards of 1,000,000; H. H. Metcalf. 

 River Bend, Colorado, 200,000; John W. 

 Powers, Colorado, 200,000 ; McDaniel & Davis, 

 Colorado, 75,000 ; Routchler & Lamb, Colo- 

 rado, 40,000 ; J. W. Frank, Colorado, 40,000 ; 

 Garnett & Langford, Colorado, 30,000; E. ('. 

 Tane, Colorado, 50,000 ; Leivesy Brothers, Col- 

 orado, 150,000 ; Vrooman & McFife, Colorado, 

 50,000; Beatty Brothers, Colorado, 40,000; 

 Chick, Brown & Company, Colorado, 30,000 ; 

 Reynolds Cattle Company, Colorado, 50,000 ; 

 several other cases in Colorado, embracing 

 from 10,000 to 30,000; Coe & Carter, Ne- 

 braska, fifty miles of fence ; J. W. Wilson, 

 Nebraska, forty miles ; J. W. Boster, twenty 



