MISCELLANEOUS FACTS AND FIGURES. 



625 



Absinthe is a spirit flavored with the 

 pounded leaves and flowering tops of worm- 

 wood, together with angelica-root, sweet-flag 

 root, star-anise, and other aromatics. The 

 aromatics are macerated for about eight days 

 in alcohol and then distilled, the result being 

 an emerald-colored liquor. The best absinthe 

 is made in Switzerland, the chief seat of the 

 manufacture being in the canton of Neufcha- 

 tel. It is chiefly used in France and the 

 United States. The evil effects of drinking 

 this liquor are very apparent ; frequent intox- 

 ication, or moderate but steady tippling, ut- 

 terly deranges the digestive system, weakens 

 the frame, induces horrible dreams and hallu- 

 cinations, and may end in paralysis or in 

 idiocy. 



United States Navy Pay Table. 



RANK. 



Admiral $13,500 For life. 



Rear-Admirals 



Commodores 



Captains 



Commanders 



Lieutenant-Commanders : 



First four years* 



After four yearst 



Lieutenants : 



First five years* 



After five yearst 



Lieutenants (Junior Grade): 



First five years* 



After five yearst 



Ensigns : 



First five years* 



After five yearst 



Naval Cadets 



Mates 



Medical and Pay Directors and 



Inspectors and Chief Engineers 



having the same rank at sea 



Fleet Surgeons, Fleet-Paymasters, 



and Fleet-Engineers 



Surge9ns, Paymasters, and Chief 

 Engineers , 



, On 

 At Sea Shore 

 Duty. 



$6,000 5,000 



Chaplains. 



5,000 

 4,500 

 3,500 



2,800 

 3,000 



2,400 

 2,600 



1,800 

 2,000 



1,200 



1,400 



500 



900 



4,400 



4,400 

 2,800 



to 



4,200 

 2.500 



to 

 2.800 



4,000 

 3,500 

 3,000 



2,400 

 2,600 



2,000 

 2,600 



1,500 

 1,700 



1,000 



1,200 



500 



700 



2,400 



to 



4,000 

 2,000 



to 

 2,300 



On Leave 



or Waiting 



Orders. 



$4,000 

 3,000 

 2,800 

 2,300 



2,000 

 2,200 



1,600 

 1,800 



1,200 

 1,400 



800 



1,000 



500 



500 



2,000 



to 



3,000 

 1,600 



to 

 1,900 



Warrant officers are paid from $700 to $1,800, end sea- 

 men, $228 to $288 per annum. 

 *Af ter date of commission, t From date of commission. 



United States Naval Enlistment. 



All applicants for enlistment in the naval serv- 

 ice must be of robust frame, intelligent, of 

 perfectly sound and healthy constitution and 

 free from any of the following physical defects : 

 Greatly retarded development, feeble constitu- 

 tion, inherited or acquired ; permanently im- 

 paired general health, decided cachexia, diath- 

 esis or predisposition, weak or disordered 

 intellect, epilepsy or other convulsions within 

 five years, impaired vision or chronic disease 

 of the organs of vision, great dullness of hear- 

 ing or chronic disease of the ears, chronic nasal 

 catarrh, ozena, polypi or great enlargement 

 of the tonsils, marked impediment of speech, 

 decided indications of liability to pulmonary 

 disease, chronic cardiac affections, large vari- 



cose veins of lower limbs, chronic ulcers, un- 

 natural curvature of the spine, permanent 

 disability of either of the extremities or artic- 

 ulations from any cause, defective teeth. 



Following are the requirements for the vari- 

 ous classes of the service, and monthly wages 

 paid : 



Class. Age. Wages. 



Landsmen 18 to 25 $16 



Ordinary Seamen 18 to 30 19 



Seamen 21 to 35 24 



Painter 21to35 30 



Bugler 21 to 35 30 



Shipwright 21 to 35 25 



Carpenter's mate 21 to 35 40 to 50 



Chief yeoman 60 



Yeoman 30 to 40 



Musicians 21 to 35 32 



Cooks 21to35 40 



Mess attendants 21 to 30 16 



Sailmakers 21 to 35 26 



Machinist 40 to 70 



Boilermaker 21 to 35 60 



Blacksmith 21 to 35 50 



Firemen 21 to 35 30to35 



Coal passers 21 to 35 22 



Slavery and Serfdom. Some of the 

 wealthy Romans had as many as 10,000 slaves. 

 The minimum price fixed by the law of Rome 

 was $80, but after great victories they could 

 sometimes be bought for a few shillings on the 

 field of battle. The day's wages of a Roman 

 gardener were about sixteen cents, and his 

 value about $300, while a blacksmith was val- 

 ued at about $700, a cook at $2,000, an actress 

 at $4,000, and a physician at $11,000. 



The number of slaves emancipated in the 

 British Colonies in 1834 was 780,993, the in- 

 demnity aggregating, in round figures, $100,- 

 000,000. In Brazil, in 1876, there were 1,- 

 510,800 slaves, 15 per cent, of the entire pop- 

 ulation. These were held by 41,000 owners, 

 averaging 37 to each owner. In 1882 the 

 number of slaves was 1,300,000. Owing to 

 the gradual abolition of slavery in Brazil by 

 law, it is expected that it will be entirely ob- 

 solete in 1900. 



SLAVERY IN THE UNITED STATES. 



Year. 

 1790 . . 



Number. 



697,900 



1800 893,040 



1810 1.191,400 



1820 1,538,100 



Year. 



Number. 



1830 2,009,030 



1840 2,487,500 



1850 3,204.300 



1860 3,979,700 



Serfdom in Russia. There were 47,- 

 932,000 serfs in Russia in 1861, as follows : 

 Crown serfs, 22, 851, 000 ; appanage, 3, 320,000 ; 

 held by nobles, 21,755,000. The cost of re- 

 demption was, in round numbers, about $325,- 

 000,000, as follows : 



Paid by serfs .... $52,0004)00 

 Balance due 20,000,000 



Mortgages remit- 

 ted $152,000,000 



Gov'ment scrip.. 101,000,000 



The indemnity, to the nobles was $15 per 

 serf. The lands are mortgaged to the state till 

 1912. The lands ceded to crown serfs are 

 mortgaged only till 1901 . The item of ' < aaort- 



