DELIRIUM TREMENS 



DE LOLME 



741 



viilu.-il instance. The mind may lie poHHewcd l>y 

 fal--- ideas or (Itluxionx ; sensory impressions may 

 produri- faUe perceptions (ir ilfii.-iiniin; or there 

 may be fictitious perceptions or hallucination*, 

 without tlio presence of any sensory impressions. 



The mor mini cause* of delirium are four. 



(1) Local diseases of the hrain or its enveloj>e8, 

 OR in tin; case of inflammation of the lining mem- 

 branes. (2) Toxic substances circulating in the 

 blood, \\liirli may have their origin within the 

 system, as in the retention of waste products 

 doling the final stages of kidney disease, or may 

 In- introduced from without, such as the specific 

 poisons f the acute infectious diseases, or active 

 substances like alcohol. (3) High body tempera- 

 tures, which may occur apart from any blood - 

 poi-Min in a local inflammation of some distant 

 organ. (4) Inanition, which may often be seen 

 in the concluding periods of wasting diseases. 



Delirium Trillions is the term employed to 

 denote one of the acute phases arising in the course 

 of chronic Alcoholism (o^.v. ). It is as a rule pre- 

 cipitated by a period ot indulgence in excessive 

 drinking, and shows itself at first in the form of 

 general uneasiness and restlessness during the day, 

 followed by sleeplessness, or disturbed sleep with 

 dist reding dreams, at night. These initial symp- 

 toms usher in the stage of delirium, always accom- 

 panied by constant muscular tremors. The de- 

 lirium almost invariably presents the three main 

 varieties of mental disturbance illusions, halluci- 

 nations, and delusions to which reference has 

 been made in the preceding article. An attack 

 generally lasts alwut three days, but it may exist 

 for a period of six or seven days, and, so far as is 

 at present known, there is no means of shortening 

 its duration. The chief danger lies in the great 

 tendency to exhaustion which the disease shows. 

 One attack appears to have a power of predispos- 

 ing the individual who has suH'ered from it to 

 subsequent recurrence. The affection frequently 

 induces some degree of mental weakness, and this 

 is more likely to be the case in those who belong 

 to families which have a hereditary tendency to 

 insanity. As above mentioned, no means is 

 known of cutting short an attack, and the em- 

 ployment of drugs in this disease is of at least 

 doubtful utility. The only rational treatment 

 consists in the use of every expedient which can 

 tend to sustain the patient, and avert the great 

 tendency to exhaustion of the vital centres. 



DC Lisle. See LECONTE, KOUGET. 



Del it/sell, a town of Prussian Saxony, on the 

 Lohher, 12 miles N. of Leipzig by rail, with manu- 

 factures of cigars, straw, leather, ivory, and wooden 

 goods. Pop. 8342. 



Dclitzscll, FRANZ, a learned theologian and 

 Hebraist, born at Leipzig, February 23, 1813, 

 studied theology and orientalia at the university 

 there, and became professor of Theology at Rostock 

 in 1846, whence he was called to Krlangen in 1850, 

 and to Leipzig in 1867. Delitzsch's vast learn- 

 ing and exegetical sagacity combined to give him 

 a foremost place among the more conservative 

 German theologians, while his great personal inllu- 

 ence over a generation of Leipzig students, and a 

 long series of profoundly learned books, contrib- 

 uted enormously to extend a sound knowledge 

 of Old Testament exegesis not only in Germanv, 

 but in England and America. His earliest works 

 were in the field of the post-biblical Jewish litera- 

 ture, followed by his commentaries on Habakkuk, 

 Song of Solomon, Genesis, the Psalms ; and to the 

 complete commentary on the Old Testament, 

 edited jointly with Keil, Delitzsch himself con- 

 tributed the volumes devoted to Isaiah, Job, Solo- 

 mon's Proverbs, Canticles, and Ecclcsiastes. Later 



works are hi* fiyttem tir biblitclun Ptyekotoffit 

 (1855), Si/.it.,n //./ /in\t. .l/>logetik (I860), Jenu 

 u,ul HUM ( 1867 ), Jud. Hundwerkerleben tur ZeU 

 Jetu (1808). Hi* commentary on Geneab (1887) 

 mode large concensiotiH to the critical theory of 

 the Pentateuch. He died 3d March 1890. Hi* 

 con, FKIEDRICH DKLITZSCU, born 3d September 

 1850, has already mode a great reputation M an 

 Assy i iologist by his Atayr. Stud ten (1874), bin 

 translation of George Smith's Chaldean Account of 

 Genesis (1876), his Assyr. Lesettucke (1878), Wo 

 lag das Par allies? (1881), and his great Auyr. 

 Worterbuch ( 1887 et seq.). 



Del ill 3, NlKOLAL's, a distinguished German 

 Shakespearian critic, was l>or i at Hrernen, I'.nh 

 Septenu>er 1813, ami studied philology at Bonn 

 and Berlin, and in England and France. He 

 finally settled in 1846 at Bonn, where he became 

 extraordinary professor in 1855, and professor in 

 1863, and where he died 18th November 1888. 

 His early lectures were on Sanskrit and the 

 Romance tongues, but he afterwards devoted him- 

 self to the English language and literature, and 

 as a student of Shakespeare took a place that, in 

 the opinion of most scholars, wa second to none. 

 Apart from excursions of lesser ini]M>rtance in other 

 fields of literature, he published A bhandlungen zu 

 Shakspeare (1878), &c. ; and his edition of Shake- 

 speare's works (Elberfeld, 7 vote. 1854-61 ; 5th ed. 

 2 vote. 1882) is an acknowledged masterpiece, its 

 notes a marvel of terse sagacity. 



Delivery In Sale. See SALE OP GOODS. 



Delivery of a Deed. See DEED. 



Delia Cruscan School. About the year 

 1785, a number of English residents at Florence 

 endeavoured to amuse their lagging hours by writ- 

 ing verses, which they published under the title of 

 The Florence Miscellany. The insipidity, attecta- 

 tion, and fantastic silliness of these productions 

 transcend l>elief ; yet such was the poetic poverty 

 of the time, that they soon found a crowd of 

 admirers and imitators. Taking the name of a 

 Florentine Academy (q.v.), the Delia Cruscans 

 now l>egan to print their precious lucubrations in 

 England, chiefly in two daily newsjMipen* called 

 the World and the Oracle. 'While the epidemic 

 malady was spreading from fool to fool,' as Giflford 

 nungently says, one of the brotherhood, a Mr 

 Roltert Merry, came over from Florence, and 

 ' immediately announced himself by a sonnet to 

 Love.' It was answered by one, 'Anna Matilda' 

 (Mrs Cowley), who (as was the custom) praised 

 it immoderately in language even more absurd 

 than Merry's own. 'The fever now turned to a 

 frenzy : Laura, Maria, Carlos, Orlando, Adelaide, 

 and a thousand other nameless names, caught 

 the infection; and from one end of the kingdom 

 to the other all was nonsense and Delhi Crusca.' 

 But retribution followed, for Nemesis watches the 

 course of poetry as sharply as that of politics. In 

 1704 GifTord produced his Baviad, and in 1796 

 lii- Mn-i'iad. Rarely has literature witnessed surh 

 a scalping. It completely killed the school, and, 

 indeed, it is only in these two JMH-IIIS that the 

 memory of most of the unhappy I Mia Crimean 

 -ousters has been preserved an immortality 

 which may IK> compared with that conferred by 

 the Newgate Calendar. 



DellyH, a port of Algeria, 50 miles E. of 

 Algiers, with a French garrison. Pop. 3504. 



De Lolnie* Jonx Lot is, born at Geneva in 

 1740, was originally an advocate in his native 

 town, but about 1769 came to England, where, in 

 spite of his literary activity, he lived for several 

 years in great poverty, always in debt and re- 

 peatedly in prison. Having inherited a small 



