DENDERA 



1. 1. Ml \M 



753 



timeof Agricohi. Of I'.i iti-h or pie Koman 

 there still exist tumuli, two kistvacns or stone cells, 

 barrows, ami fort*. 'I'o tin- times of tin- Welsh ami 

 Sa\i>u struggles iirt ' referable the 1'illur of ElNeg, 

 l.laiigollcu. anl tin- dikes of Olla ami \Vutt. 

 Tin- dike ni Olla, king of Mcreia, to keep out the 

 Welsh, was a ditch, with small forte on mounds at 

 intervals, and ran from Herefordshire to the estuary 

 of tlie L)eo ; Watt's dike ran on the east hide of 

 < Ufa's dike, an. I parallel to it. Wrexham Church 

 ;> of the 'seven wonders of Wales.' Chirk 

 Cattle is a tine Edwardian stronghold, lately re- 

 stored 



Deildcrn (<!r. 7V/////m , Coptic Ti-ntnrc, prob- 

 alily from /' / n A f/mr, the abode of Athor), a 

 village of Upper Egypt, once a populous town, 

 and the capital of tin- sixth iiome of the 'southern 

 kingdom/ situated near the left bank of the Nile, 

 in -.'I' 13' N. lat., :{.' lit' E. long., is celebrated on 

 account of its temple, one of the finest and l>est pre- 

 served structures of the kind in Egypt, dating from 

 tin- period of Cleopatra and the earlier Roman 

 emperors. The temple measures '2*20 feet in 

 length by about 50 in breadth, and has a noble 

 portico or hypostyle hall supported on twenty-four 

 columns. The walls, columns, &c. are covered 

 with figures and hieroglyphics, among which are 

 still to ue seen the contemporary portraits in profile 

 of Cleopatra and her. son ; but the beauty of the 

 Egyptian queen is not apparent in her portrait, 

 which belongs to almost the most degraded pi'riod 

 of conventional art in Egypt. On the ceiling of 

 the portico is a zodiac, in which the crab is re- 

 presented by a scarab. Beyond the portico are a 

 iiall of six columns and several rooms, which once 

 contained altars, the sacred boats, perfumes, vest- 

 ments for the religious ceremonies, .and offerings of 

 first -fruits, and the like (Mariette, The Monuments 

 of Upper Egypt). There are several other sacred 

 buildings at Dendera, including a temple of Isis. 

 The temples stand within a wall of unbaked bricks, 

 1000 feet long on one side, and in some part-. S"i 

 feet high. The people of Tentyra were peculiar for 

 their detestation of the crocodile, which led to a 

 violent religious war with the city of Ombos, where 

 the reptile was worshipped. 



Dfllderinonde (Fr. Te.nnomle), a town of 

 Belgium, in the province of East Flanders, situated 

 at the confluence of the Dender and the Scheldt, 

 IS miles E. of Client by rail. The principal 

 buildings are the town house and the church of 

 Notre Dame, containing two pictures by Van Dyck. 

 The manufactures are linens, cottons, and brer. 

 Louis XIV. besieged it in vain in 111(17, but Marl- 

 borough succeeded in taking it in 17<M>. Its forti- 

 fications, destroyed in 1784, were restored in 182*2. 

 Pop. (1890) 9654. 



Dcildrcrpeton, a small li/ard-like carltonif- 

 erous amphibian, found by Lyell and Dawsou in 

 the interior of the hollow trunk of an upright xi'jil- 

 litrin in No\a Scotia. It belongs to the wholly 

 extinct order of Stegocephala or Labyrinthodonts 

 (q.v.) 



Dcndritcs the name given to thin films of 

 mineral matter which assume hraiiching shajies 

 that resemble moss or seaweed. These films o.-cur 

 as coatings on the faces of fissures and joints in 

 rocks or on the surfaces of bedding-planet, and 

 have often been mistaken for fossils. The hydrous 

 oxide of manganese is the mineral that generally 

 assumes this form. 



DeildrolitCS (fir. dcntlron, 'tree;' lit/ios, 

 'stone'), a general term sometimes applied to 

 fossil stems, branches, or other fragments of trees. 



Dendrology is that department of botany 

 which deals with the natural history of trees and 

 shrubs. See ARBORICULTURE, TREK. 

 152 



l)<-||<lro|lll < C,r. , t !<<. mmkc ' ), a yi-inm oi : 

 venomous snakes iii the Mill onlt-r I <>liilititnriiM. 

 They are tropical, and ifjM-ciully ..tH-ntul. in tln-ir 

 di-t liliution ; diurnal, in-live, and ailw.i-.il in 

 habit; and feed chielly on tr<*- li/anU. Tin- head 

 is long and distinct irom the neck, th<- p.; 

 wide, the IxMly and tail are very slender, the 

 colours are vivid and like their surroundings. 



D'Fiigliirn. See EN;IIIBN. 



Dengue. or 1:1:1 \K IMIXE FKVKK, al*o called 

 DANI>Y and BUCKET FKVKR, in a diw-am- 

 certainly known to have occurred in 177!i HO in 

 Egypt, parts of the East Indies, and prolmhlv in 

 Philadelphia, Since that time there lm\e f--n 

 great epidemii-s in India and Fi.rthi-r India ( 1K24- 

 '25), America and VVett Indies ( Is-ji; L'HI, Soutlu-rn 

 I'nited States (1850), East Africa, Arabia, India, 

 and China (1870-73), Inwides numerous minor 

 outbreaks. The disease occurs almost exclusively 

 in the tropics, in hot weather, and in towns either 

 near the sea-coast or on large rivers. It i- charac- 

 teiised by sudden onset, with high fever, and ex- 

 tremely violent pains in the IMIIM-S, muscle*, and 

 joints; by a remission, usually at the end of one 

 or two days, during which the patient feels almost 

 well ; amf after one or two days more by a second 

 period of fever, less severe than the first, which 

 lasts for two or three days. Each attack of fever 

 is often accompanied by a well-marked ckin- 

 eruption. Though often followed by much ema- 

 ciation and loss of strength, it is very rarely fatal 

 or succeeded by serious after-effects. It occurs 

 almost always 'in well-marked epidemics; but 

 observers are much divided upon the question 

 whether it is communicable directly from the r-irk 

 to the healthy. See Hirsch, (jcoyni/i/iical and 

 Historical Pathology, vol. i. 



DcnhaDt, SIR JOHN, a Caroline poet, was the 

 only son of an Irish judge, himself of English 

 birth, and was born at Dublin in 1(115. He was 

 educated in London and at Trinity College, 

 Oxford, where Wood tells us he was 'a slow 

 dreaming young man, and more addicted to gam- 

 ing than study ' a taste from which his own 

 essay against gaming ( 1651 ) did not core him. 

 In 1634 lie married and went to live with his 

 father at Egham in Surrey, an e-tate to which he 

 succeeded four years later. At the outbreak of the 

 Civil War he w'as high-sheriff of Surrey, and he im- 

 mediately joined the king. He fell into Waller's 

 hands on the capture of Fain ham Castle, and was 

 sent prisoner to London, but soon |>enmtted to 

 repair to Oxford. In 1641 he produced SoftRy, a 

 feeble tragedy which was acted with great applause 

 at Blackfriars. Next year was issued his long \*>w. 

 Cooper n Hill, a poetical description of the scenery 

 around Kgham, itself still mul, but more famous 

 in the merits of its greater success^ 

 \\'iii(laiir Forest, avowedly an imitation, ami (iarlh'a 



'. The final foi'm of the MM-III is that ub- 



lished in 1655, all the change-, in which, according 

 to Pope, were made 'with admirable judgment.' 

 Here first appeared its linot lines the famous. 

 apostrophe to the Thames : 



O could I flow like th<*, nl mk thy ctraun 

 My gTMt example, a* it IK my ih. m.- : 



Tliim^h il-.>ji yrt clear, though ^-title yet not dull, 

 Strong without ra^t'. without uVrdowing full. 



In 1647 Denham \\as engaged in the performance 

 of secret sen-ices for Charles |., hut these U-ing 

 discovered. as obliged to llee to Holland and 

 France. In 1650 be collected money for the 

 young king from the Scots resident in Poland, and 

 he made several journeys into England on secret 

 ser\ iee. At the Restoration he was appointed 

 surveyor-general of works, and created Knight 

 of the Bath. He was a better poet than architect, 



