DERAJAT 



I.KKI'.V 



in isn;, In- married Margaret Sini|.-.ni, 

 tin- daughter of a 'statesman,' one (if natures 

 gentle^ ..... fii. They had eijjit children, three 

 daughters and live sons, two of wlioni distin- 



guished themselves as soldiers. For ulmiit a year 

 i ls|'.)) lie edited tin 1 \\'istiinn;-liiiiil iln^'tte, a 

 weekly |i;i|H-r i.ul.li-hrd ;it l\i'inl;il, ami was ail 



undistinguished contributor t<> BlacfCwooeFt Mniin- 

 the (Jutti-fi'i-fif /.'//<//-, mid oilii-r pciiodicals, 

 till, returning to London in 1821, his L'nii/>:tsiim.i 

 appeared in tin* Lnininn Mai/uzine, ami at once 

 niiuli' him famous. His im/ti </ iiltim?, ' Tin* Kng- 

 lisli Opium-eater,' was used till ho came to be 

 known by his proper name, in writing which he 

 assumed the Norman prefix dr. l-'rom London he 

 returned to his wife and family at lirasniere, but 

 finally left Westmorland in 1828, and settled in 

 Edinburgh ; and there, or at Loss wade, M>-.U Edin- 

 burgh, with only an occasional visit to Glasgow, 

 In- lived and worked till his death, on Stli Decem- 

 ber 1859. Blackwoo(ft t Taifs Mayiizinc, and 

 latterly llwjtjs Instructor, were for upwards of 

 twenty years the successive receptacles of his 

 brilliant though often ditl'use and discursive 

 papers. The Logic of Political Economy (1844), 

 a philosophical contribution to that study, and a 

 romantic story or novel, Klvsterhehn (1839) his 

 sole and not very successful effort in regular 

 fiction were issued as books ; all his other 

 writings appeared in magazines. 



No ' periodical' writer of the 19th century holds 

 a like liigh and apparently permanent place in 

 English literature with De Quincey. Ot several 

 collected editions of his works, the first was one 

 issued in America (1852-5")), in 20 vols. ; a second, 

 revised by De Quincey, in 14 vols. ; another, ex- 

 tended, in 17 vols. ; and a fifth, in 1889-91, in 14 

 vols., ed. by Prof. Masson. De Quincey 's writings 

 range over a vast field of literary and semi-philo- 

 sophical speculation and discussion ; and there, as 

 well as in nis narrative, historical, critical, and bio- 

 graphical essays, almost faultless refinement of style 

 and marvellous mastery of phrase are conspicuous 

 and charming. In criticism he is original and 

 acute, if not exhaustive or profound ; in narrative he 

 marshals facts and incidents in the most picturesque 

 garb and order ; in argument he is always subtle, 

 and often vigorous. His playful fancy and wealth 

 of whimsical and humorous allusion enliven almost 

 every topic, and the daring conception and gorge- 

 ous colouring of his opium-haunted dreams are 

 not less admirable than the pomp and refine- 

 ment of the language in which he clothes those 

 weird and wondrous visions. De Quincey is, how- 

 ever, often distressingly diffuse and provokingly 

 addicted to complex involutions of phrase and 

 statement parenthesis within parenthesis. !!< is 

 therefore at his l>est when those tendencies are 

 under control, as in certain passages in the Con- 

 fenst'oHx, or in the splendid apostrophes -examples 

 of what he himself calls ' impassioned prose* that 

 glorify such papers as 'Joan of Arc.' See Page's 

 (A. H. Japp's) Life and Writing* of De Quince if 



S 



the present writer ( 1886) ; Hogg's De Quincey and 

 his Fricittla (1S95). 



Derajut', the fluvial jMtition of Daman (q.v.) 

 itself a comparatively narrow strip in the Punjab, 

 between the Sulimaii Mountains ami the Indus, 

 and which, when duly irrigated, is singularly fertile. 

 It is divided into four districts, and has an ai> 

 20,300 sq. m., and a population ( 1891 ) of 1,64;U,(H. 

 Dera C.hazi Khan, the capital of one of the dis- 

 tricts, is about -2 miles \\ . of the Indus. Top. 

 27,886. Dera Ismail Khan, capital of another 

 district, is 4$ miles W. of the Indus. Pop. 28,884. 



l>< raxli. i town of Arabia, on the caravan 



uii- I..-I \\i--ii tin- Ked S>a and the IVmiuii (iulf. 

 4.">O mile* N K. of Mecca, wo* fonm-rlv tin- capital of 

 the Waliahis, and hod a ]>opiilation of u.inxi ; 

 to 1819, when it won taken and nearly destroyed by 

 Ibrahim 1'asho. The capital wo* removed to Kiau. 

 t> miles KM).; and at present the place eonsbt* of 

 five walled village**, built among the ruin*, with 

 about 1500 inhabitant*!. 



or DEKIIKNT ('gateway'), a |>ort 

 and capital of the Uussian district of Dagheftiui, 

 on the west shore of the Caspian, 140 miles N W. of 

 Haku. It is charmingly situated among vineyard* 

 and orchards and fields .,i mai/cand madder, on the 

 declivity of a branch of the 'aucaims, which liere 

 approaches very close to the water's edge. Deri* nd 

 is surrounded by ancient walls. The upper city 

 I'm IMS the citadel, and contains the splendid palace 

 of the ancient khans, now the residence of the 

 Russian governor. The harbour is inaccessible to 

 all but small vessels ; but a considerable trade i 

 done at the four large markets held here yearly. 

 Silk and cotton fabrics, earthenware, and weaiMtns 

 are manufactured, and saffron is cultivated. Pop. 

 14,500. Derhend was for long considered the 

 key of Persia on the north-west side. It wax 

 captured by the Arabs in 728, by the Mongols 

 in 1220, and frequently changed hands liefore it 

 was formally incorporated with Russian Caucasia 

 in 1813. 



Derby* a parliamentary, municipal, and county 

 borough and manufacturing town, the capital of 

 Derbyshire, on the Derwent, 92 miles BE. of 

 Liverpool and 129 NNW. of London. The Koman 

 station of I)i-i-i;-ntin\vnn at Little Chester, a northern 

 suburb of Derby. It was a roval borough in the 

 time of Edward the Confessor. Many early chart. -i> 

 were granted to the bailiffs and burgesses of Derby ; 

 but it was not till 1638 that it was placed under 

 the jurisdiction of a mayor. It has sent two 

 members to Parliament since 1295. The tower of 

 All Saints (1509-27) is a grand example of Per- 

 pendicuhir architecture, 175 feet high, exclusive 

 of the pinnacles, or 21 feet higher than the cele- 

 brated tower of Taunton. The Roman Catholic 

 church of St Mary (1835) is a good specimen 

 of Pugin's work. The ancient chapel of St 

 Maty on-the-liridge still exists. The municipal 

 buildings are unattractive. There is a good free 

 library and well-filled local museum, occupy- 

 ing handsome and suitable buildings, the gift of 

 Mr M. T. Ha--, for thirty-Jive years M.P. f>r 

 Derby. The grammar-school is a modern erection, 

 but was founded in 1162. The choicely planted 

 arWetum (16 acres), near the central railway 

 station, was the gift (1840) of Mr Joseph Strutt. 

 Derby is the headquarters of the Midland Railway 

 Company; their vast offices, storehouses, \\ork- 

 simp*, aim engineering establishments employ ..\,T 

 5000 men. Derby being the centre of a great 

 railwav system, access to all parts of the kingdom 

 is direet, speedy, and frequent. Its manufactures 

 are silk, cotton, elastic web, lace, hosiery, iion, 

 lead, shot, spar, porcelain, marble, colour*, nnd 

 chemicals. Silk, one of it- staple manufacture*, 

 was lic^iin here lirst in England ny John l.<mlc in 

 1719. The mill that lie then erected still stands 

 on an island in the Derwent. Porcelain was 

 manufactured here by the Ihienhury family from 

 1756 till 1814; and the iVrby Cmwn Porcflnin 

 Company has recently revived this beautiful 

 industry with much success. Richardson, the 

 novelist, -Wright of Derby,' the pointer, and 

 Hei-biTt Spencer, wrre natives; and Deri' 

 identified with the ' Stoniton ' of (leorge Eliot's 

 A.l.im Bede. Pop. (1841) 32,741 ; (1881) 81,168; 

 (1891)94.100. 



