(;LI:.N( OK 



251 



exchange gjebe houses ami landM ; and by the Tithe 



< 'i>iiiiiiiit;itinii A--1 ( IH3U) the Tithe ( 'ominissionerH 



(since KS'J l,;lll(l ( 'olIllllisMnlHTs i Were empowered 



M.-iiii and define tin- boundaries of the glebe- 

 lands of any l>enetice, and also, with consent of the 

 ordinary and natron, to exchange the glehe-laiidH for 

 otln-r lands within the same or any adjoining parish, 

 or oi hei wise conveniently situateu. TheraUMquant 

 Act 17 and 18 Viet. chap. S4 moreover provides that 

 tin- inciimhent of any benefice entitled to glehe 

 shall, with such consents as are Mpecilied in the act, 

 be entitled to annex such ^Icbe or other lands by 

 deed to any cliurch or chapel within the parish, 

 district, or place wherein such glele or land is 

 situate. Glebe-lands are exempt from tithe ; they 

 are also excepted out of the acts which forbid the 

 beneticed clergy to engage in agriculture and trade. 

 If an incumbent dies alter sowing his glebe-land 

 his personal representative is entitled to the crop. 

 The Glebe Lands Act ( 1888) provides facilities for 

 the sale of glebe with the approval of the Land 

 Commissioners. See Phillimore's Ecclesiastical 

 Law. 



Glebe in Scotland. In Scotland, as in England, 

 a glebe forms, as a general rule, a portion of every 

 ecclesiastical benefice of the Established Church, 

 and is thus an addition to the stipend, and some- 

 times a very important one. Ministers in royal 

 burghs, however, cannot claim glebes, unless in 

 cases where there is a landward district attached 

 to the parish. Even then, if there are two ministers, 

 only the first can claim a glebe. Where parishes are 

 disjoined, or separated into two portions, more- 

 over, it does not necessarily follow that the portion 

 erected into a new parish shall contain a glebe. 

 By 5 Geo. IV. chap. 72, provision is made for pay- 

 ment of compensation out of the public revenue, 

 in lieu of manse and glebe, to ministers whose 

 stipends do not exceed 200. If there are arable 

 lands, the glebe must not be less than four acres. 

 If there is no arable land, the minister is entitled 

 to sixteen sounm of grass adjacent to the church. 

 A soum is as much as will pasture ten sheep or one 

 cow, so that the actual extent varies with the rich- 

 ness of the soil and consequent quality of the 

 pasture. The presbytery possesses the power of 

 designing glebes, the heritor from whose property 

 the glebe is designed having recourse against the 

 other heritors of the parish. By 1572, chap. 48, it 

 is enacted that the glebe shall not be alienated by 

 the incumbent. As the act limits its prohibition 

 to such alienation as may be detrimental to the 

 successor of the incumbent, it has been doubted 

 whether the latter might not feu. The court, 

 however, has been very unwilling to sanction this 

 proceeding. When the church is changed, or trans- 

 ported, as it is called, to a new site, the court will 

 authorise the sale or excambion of the glebe, but 

 such excambions must be sanctioned by the 

 presbytery. Where minerals are found on the 

 glebe, they are worked under the superintendence 

 of the heritors and presbytery for the behoof of the 

 incumbent. Trees growing on the glebe are 

 thought to belong to him. Glebe-lands are usually 

 teind-free. See TEINDS. 



Glee, a species of vocal composition peculiar to 

 England, for three or more voices, and in one or 

 more movements, generally unaccompanied and 

 sung by male voices, though these conditions are 

 not obligatory. It is distinguished from the 

 madrigal by its modern tonality, larger number of 

 musical motives, and a less extensive development 

 of them ; and in being written for single voices to 

 each part. This last point, however, is now fre- 

 quently disregarded. Its independent part-writing 

 also distinguishes it from the modern part-song, 

 which is usually in simple harmony, but the name 

 is often given to such e.g. Sir H. Bishop's 'Glees.' 



The glee flourished during the later half of the 

 lHth\ century and the earlier part of the 19th. 

 Samuel Webbe ( 1740-1816) i probably it> greatest 

 master. Among his be*t- known glee* are ' When 

 Winds breathe Soft' and 'Glorious A|>ollo,' the 

 latter of which watt always the first to be sung at 

 the meetings of the now defunct Glee Club ( 1783- 

 iN.'iT). Other writers of the first rank are It J. 8. 

 Stevens (1757-1837), the composer of 'Ye Spotted 

 Sn.-ikes," ' The cloud-capt Towers,' and ' From 

 Micron, in Fairyland ;' John Wall Callcott (1706- 

 1821), a most prolific composer, and author also of 

 a well-known Grammar of Music, of whose glee* 

 'The Red-cross Knight,' 'To all you Ladiet*,' and 

 ' It was a Friar of Orders Grev,' may sutlice as 

 specimens ; with whom may be mentioned the 

 names of Horsley, Spotforth, Cooke, Pax ton, Att- 

 wood, and Lord Mornington. See W. A. Barrett's 

 English Glees and Part-songs ( 1886). 



Gleet. See GONORRHEA. 



Gleig, GEORGE ROBERT, writer, born at Stir- 

 ling, 20th April 1796, was the son of George Gleig, 

 bishopof Brechin ( 1753-1840). Heentered the army, 

 and served in Spain ( 1813) and in America ( 1814). 

 He subsequently (1820) took orders, and became 

 inspector-general of military schools (1846-57), 

 ana chaplain-general of the army (1846-75). 

 He deserves mention as the author of the story 

 The Subaltern (1825), founded bn incidents of the 

 Peninsular war. He wrote several other novels, 

 none equal to the first, and several volumes of 

 military history and biography, as Campaigns at 

 Washington and New Orleans (1847), Lives of 

 Warren Hastings (1841), Clive (1848), and Wel- 

 lington (1862), &c. He died 9th July 1888, near 

 Winchfield, in Hampshire. 



4. 1 oim. JOHANN WILHELM LuDWiG, German 

 poet, born at Ermsleben near Halberstadt, 2d April 

 1719, and died at Halberstadt on 18th February 

 1803. Besides writing a good deal of moderate 

 poetry, he won for himself the affectionate appella- 

 tive of ' Father Gleim,' on account of the encourage- 

 ment and assistance he lent to the fledgling poets 

 and poetasters of the day. But his efforts to 

 encourage German literature, though sincere and 

 well intentioned, were often the reverse of judici- 

 ous and discriminating. His patriotic Lieder eines 

 Preussischen Grenadiers, by their genuineness of 

 feeling and force of expression, do rise above the 

 general level of his other productions odes in 

 imitation of Horace and Anacreon, rhymed fables 

 and romances, and songs. His collected works 

 appeared at Halberstadt in 7 vols. in 1811-13, with 

 a supplementary volume in 1841 (Leip. ). See 

 Korte, Gleims Leben ( 1811 ). 



Gleiwltz, a town of Prussian Silesia, pleasantly 

 situated on a small affluent of the Oder, 40 miles 

 SE. of Oppeln, contains iron and other metal 

 foundries, machine, glass, and iron works, &c. 

 Pop. (1895) '24,980. 



Glenallliond, a romantic valley of Perthshire, 

 in Scotland, much visited for its scenery, and for 

 Ossian's grave the subject of Wordsworth's verses 

 on the 'Narrow Glen.' It is the seat, 12 miles 

 WNW. of Perth, of Trinity College, Glenalmond 

 (1847), a public school of about 100 boys, whose 

 buildings have been to some extent reproduced in 

 those of Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut. 



Glencoe, a valley of northern Argyllshire, 

 descending 7i miles west-by-northward from a 'col,' 

 1011 feet liigh, to salt-water Loch Leven, 2 miles 

 F.NK. of BaUaehuIish. It is traversed by the Coe 

 (<>r Cona of Ossian); and it is flanked by conical 

 mountains, the Pap of Gleneoe (2430 feet) the most 

 prominent, Benveedan (3766) the loftiest Of 

 many description: of Gleneoo the best are by 

 Dorothy Wordsworth ( 1804) ; by Macaulay (1849), 



