CLKN.MOKK 



(J LOP, K- FISH 



253 





a point 5 miles S. of Ilallimlalloch station, it falls 



a total descent of 1600 feet into the Aven, 



itself an iiiHuent Hi ill.- S|M-\. Its population -till 



is largely Catholic. Sinn- 1H24 its '2<)O whisky 

 IM)| hii-s ha\e given place to one celebrated distiller\ . 

 In i In- liatth- of Cl.-nlivet or Alltacoileaflian (4th 

 Mciol.er |. '.'in MM MM) Protestants under the Earl of 

 .\rg.\ll wen- muted by the Catholic insurgents 

 under tin- Karl of lluntly. 



M< miiorr. See CALEDONIAN CANAL ; GREAT 



HIM i \i\. 1 1. :*::{. 



<ih'iiro>. MI" valley of a stream in Lochaber, 

 Inverness, (lowing l"> mih-s t<i tin- Spean at Inver- 

 roy, opposite the eastern spur of Ben Nevis. The 

 steep narrow valley through which the Roy runs 

 is remarkable for having its slopes indented with 

 tliM-i- shelves, whirh are everywhere perfectly hori- 

 zontal and parallel to each other, in each case the 

 line on the one side of the glen corresponding 

 exactly in elevation to that on the other. The 

 granitic and metamorphic rocks, of which the 

 mountains are composed, are covered with a 

 greater or less thickness of angular fragments and 

 earth, and an examination of the shelves shows 

 that they are worn out of this soft alluvial coating. 

 They almost invariably form a gentle slope from 

 the hillside, and are from 3 to 30 feet wide. The 

 protrusion of the rocky body of the mountain, and 

 the furrows of mountain-torrents, break their con- 

 tinuity, but with these exceptions one or more of 

 them may be traced along the whole valley. The 

 highest, which is 1139J feet above the sea-level, is 

 easily followed from the watershed between the 

 Roy and the Spey ( which is at the same elevation ) 

 along both sides of the valley, as far down as the 

 point at which the valley narrows above Glen 

 Glaster. The second shelf is 80 feet lower, runs 

 parallel with the first all round the head of the 

 valley, and is continued farther down until it 

 includes Glen Glaster. The third line is 212 feet 

 lower than the second ; it may be traced along 

 both sides of Glenroy, and round the mouth of the 

 glen into the valley of the Spean, whose sides, at 

 the same elevation of 847 feet, are marked from 

 within 3 miles of the river Lochy up nearly as 

 far as Loch Laggan. Many attempts have been 

 made to explain the origin of these remarkable 

 shelves. Their forming somewhat level roads 

 around the valley originated the popular notion 

 that they were made for the convenience of the 

 heroes whose exploits are sung by Ossian. Play- 

 fair, in 1816, supposed they were aqueducts for 

 artificial irrigation. Macculloch believed them to 

 be the shore-lines of fresh-water lakes, which 

 gradually washed away their barriers, remaining 

 for a longer space at the height of the various 

 shelves. This view may now be regarded as 

 accepted, with the additional suggestion of Agassi/ 

 that the barrier or dam keeping back the water was 

 formed of glacier ice, the lake having lowered in 

 level as the barrier gradually melted away. See 

 Robert Chambers's Ancient Sea Margins (1849); 

 Tyndall, in the Popular Science Review (1876); 

 Macfadzean's Parallel Roads of Glenroy (1883); 

 and A. Geikie's Scenery of Scotland (2d en. 1887). 



Glens Falls, a post-village of New York, on 

 the Hudson, 60 miles by rail N. of Albany, with 

 sawmills and machine-shops, and a quarry of black 

 marble. The river, which is crossed by a bridge, 

 here falls about 50 feet, and is very picturesque. 

 Pop. (1900) 12,613; South (ileus Falls, i>0-2o. 



Glenshiel, a Highland valley of Ross-shire, 

 58 miles SW. of Inverness. Here, on llth June 

 1719, 1500 Jacobites and 274 Spaniards encountered 

 1600 Hanoverians. The fight was indecisive, but 

 next day the Highlanders dispersed, and the 

 Spaniards had to surrender. Never since then, 



except for the bloodies* French landing in Pem- 

 brokeshire ( 1797), hat* a foreign force net foot upon 

 British soil. 



(ilrntill. in north Perthshire, the deep narrow 

 glen of the troiitfnl, impel mm- Tilt, which intmen 

 from Loch Tilt (3 by 2 furlongs; 1650 feet), and run* 

 Hi miles south-westward, receiving the larger Tarf 

 Water and Fender Burn, until at Blair-Athole it 

 falls into the Garry. It i- traversed by the footpath 

 from Blair-Athole to Braemar. Huge Benglo( 3671 

 feet) Hanks its left side. Glentilt is classic ground 

 to the geologist, as having furnished evidence for 

 the Huttonian or denudation theory. A famous 

 hunting-ground, too, it has memories of James V., 

 Mary, and Victoria; nor is its right-of-way case 

 ( 1845 ) yet forgotten. 



Gliddon, GEORGE ROBINS, Egyptologist, was 

 born in Devonshire in 1809, and resided for many 

 years in Egypt, where his father was United States 

 consul at Alexandria, and he himself became vice- 

 consul. He afterwards lectured in America on 

 Egyptian antiquities, and died at Panama in 1857. 

 His works include, besides his Ancient Egyjtt ( 1850), 

 which was very popular in America, Types of Man- 

 kind (Phila. 1854), written in conjunction with 

 Dr J. C. Nott, and containing papers by Agassi/ 

 and others, and Indigenous Maces of the Earth 

 ( 1857), with Dr Nott and others. 



Globe-fish, a name given to a number of 

 peculiar Teleostean fishes forming a sub-family 

 (Tetrodontina) of the order PlectognathL The 

 best-known genera are Tetrodon and Diodon, 

 which may be readily distinguished from one 

 another by the structure of the jaws, which are 

 cleft in the former, undivided in the latter, thus 

 producing the appearance (which the names 

 emphasise) of four and two teeth respectively. 

 Both are represented by numerous species in 

 tropical seas. One species of Tetrodon ( T. logo- 

 cepnalus) has been found on British coasts. The 

 globe-fishes are so named from their curious power 

 of filling their bodies with air, and thus distending 



A, Globe-fish (Diodon maculatut) ; B, the same inflated. 



them till they are nearly globular. The distension 

 takes place chiefly in the oesophagus, and the tish, 

 therefore, when inflated, turns over and floats on 

 its back at the surface of the water. In this posi- 

 tion it can not only move forward, but can turn to 

 either side by the aid of its pectoral fin*. The 

 globe-fishes have short, thick bodies, sharp, hard 

 beaks, and well-developed fins. The smallest are 

 only a few inches in length, while the Sea-hedgehog 

 (Diodon hystrir} i measures two feet. The skin is 

 scale less, but in it are embedded spines which vary 



