<;OOSK 



L>97 



of all praine. See Gattie, Memorials of tin <;,,,,,l 

 v,(W*(1889). 



<.oo(l>vool. the -r.it of the Duke of i;i<-liinou<l, 



;;-. si of ( 'hichester. An 18th-century 



building by ('hamheis and \Vyatt, it has a notable 



oolleotion of portrait-; and its park is famoiiH for 



lars and other trees, which in 17">4 included 



thirty different kinds of oaks and 400 different 



A rican tires and shrubs ' ( Bishop Por.ock's 



ir,u->-ls tlu-uiiijlt Kiti/land, Canulen Society, 1889). 

 llrre i- i lie picturesque racecourse, where the 

 famous Goodwood meeting ia held at the end of 

 .Inly, at the close of the London season. It was 

 established in 180*2; but its importance (since 

 1826) was due to Lord George lien thick's exer- 

 tion-. 



4oodyear CHAKI,KS, an American inventor, 

 \\a- horn _".>! h December 1800, at New Haven, Con- 

 necticut. He failed as an iron-manufacturer in 1830, 

 but in ls:u turned his attention to india-rubber, 

 the manufactured products of which had hitherto 

 proved failures because of their liability to soften iu 

 the heat of summer. Amid poverty and ridicule, 

 sometimes iii prison for debt, he patiently pursued 

 the experiments which, after he had obtained a 

 fresh idea from his assistant Hayward's use of 

 sulphur, ended, in 1844, in the issue of his patent 

 for vulcanised rubber (see INDIA-RUBBER). This 

 process he afterwards perfected, discovering new 

 uses to which his product could be applied, until 

 it required sixty patents to secure his inventions. 

 He received medals at London ( 1851 ) and Paris 

 I vV> ), as well as the cross of the Legion of Honour ; 

 although kept in continual litigation and con- 

 sequent poverty by shameless infringements of 

 his rights, he yet lived ' to see his material applied 

 to nearly five hundred uses, and to give employ- 

 ment, in England, France, Germany, and the 

 I'nited States, to 60,000 persons' (Parton). He 

 died at New York, July 1, 1860. See Pierce, 

 Ti-inln of ,,n Inventor ('New York, 1866); and 

 Parton, Fainoiis Americans of Recent Times 

 (Boston, 1867). 



Goo$e, BARNABY, poet, was born about 1540 

 at Alyingham, in Lincolnshire, studied both at 

 Christ's College, Cambridge, and at New College, 

 < \ford, then travelled on the Continent, joining on 

 \n- return the household of his relative Sir William 

 Cecil, and becoming one of the gentlemen-pensioners 

 "f '.ineen Kli/abeth. Me died in the month of 

 February 1594. He was a friend of George Turber- 

 ville, and resembled, without equalling, him in 

 the manner of his translations and the metres 

 of his poems. His i>est works are a series of eight 

 eclogues and his Cn/>i(to Comjtu'rctf, which it is 

 not unlikely that Spenser may have seen. A col- 

 lection of his Eclogues, Epitaphs, and Sonnets 

 was published by Edward Arber m 1871. 



Goole, a town and river-port in the West 

 Riding of Yorkshire, is situated at the junction 

 of the Onse with the Don, 22 miles SSE. of 

 York. The town has since 1829 grown rapidly, 

 and now ranks amongst the chief ports of the 

 kingdom. It ]>,>,,-, extensive docks, which are 

 annually entered and cleared by some 4600 vessels 

 of more than 1,100,000 tons burden. The annual 

 value of the imports amounts to about 4J millions 

 sterling, and that of the exports to more than 4 

 millions. Amongst the imports are shoddy for 

 manufacturing purposes, oil, logwood, timl>er, 

 champagne, farm-produce, and groceries. Coal, 

 cloth, ami machinery are amongst the chief ex- 

 ports. There are iron-foundries, alum, sugar, and 

 cordage manufactories, ship and boat building 

 yards, and establishments for sail-making and 

 agricultural machine-making. Pop. (1851) 4722; 

 (1881)10,418.; (1891) 15,413. 



Goorklius, or GUKKIIAM, since 1769 the domi- 

 nant race in Nepal, claiming descent from Hindu 

 immigrants, but now almost every where commingled 

 with the, original Mongolian stock. They fought 

 fiercely and brilliantly in the war of 1814-15. Im- 

 mediately afterwards three or four battalions were 

 raised for the service of the British power in India. 

 The Goorkhas, who are a short, thick-set race, are 

 brave and faithful soldiers, fought in the Afghan 

 and Sikh wars, and lent valuable aid to the British 

 in the suppression of the Mutiny ; and some ten 

 regiments of Goorkhas recruited from Nepal and 

 the borders, now form a most valuable element in 

 our native Indian army. Those from the western 

 districts are much more distinctively a fighting race 

 than those from the eastern parts. 



Goosander (Mergns merganser), a web-footed 

 bird in the duck family (Anatida'), in the same 

 genus as the Mergansers, of which it is the largest 

 British representative. The adult male, which 

 measures 26 inches in length, has the head and 

 upper part of the neck of a rich shining green, the 

 feathers of the crown and back of the head elon- 

 ;:;ited, the back black and gray, the wings black 

 and white, the breast and belly of a delicate 

 reddish-buff colour. The bill, legs, and feet are 

 orange-red. The female, which is rather smaller, 

 has the head reddish-brown, with a less decided 

 tuft than the male, and much grayer plumage. 

 The edges of the bill are saw-like above and below, 

 being covered with numerous sharp tooth-like pro- 

 jections directed backwards. The goosander is a 

 native of the Arctic regions, extending into the 

 temperate parts of Europe, Asia, and America. 



Goosander (Mergus merganser). 



In the southern parts of Britain it is seen only 

 in winter, and then only in severe weather, the 

 females and young migrating southwards more 

 frequently than the old males, and not ^infrequently 

 appearing in small Hocks in the south of Scotland 

 and north of England. In some of the estuaries 

 and fresh-water lakes in the northern parts of Scot- 

 land it spends the whole year. It usually neste 

 under a ledge of rock, in the hollow trunk of a 

 tree, or under the shelter of the twisted roots, and 

 lays, about the end of April, eight to thirteen 

 creamy-white eggs. It feeds almost entirely on 

 living fish, whicli its serrated bill and its power of 

 diving admirably adapt it for catching. The flesh 

 of the goosander is extremely rank and coarse. 



Goose (Anxrr), a genus of web-footed birds 

 belonging to the duck family (Anatida'). The bill 

 is rat lier high at the base aiid not longer than the 

 head ; the upper part of the beak is slightly hooked, 

 and the lamella*, characteristic of all the duck tribe, 

 are short, tooth -like, and altogether adapted to 



