404 



GREEN BAY 



GREEN EARTH 



ever received electoral votes. In 1888 there was 

 no Greenback candidate, and most of the sup- 

 porters of the party are now to be found in the 

 ranks of the Labour party. 



Greeil Bay, capital of Brown county, Wis- 

 consin, is at the head of Green Bay, in Lake Michi- 

 gan, and at the month of Fox River, 65 miles NNE. 

 of Fond du Lac. It exports lumber and grain, 

 and has a handsome Roman Catholic cathedral. 

 Pop. (1900) 18,684. 



Greenbush, a post-township of Penobscofc 

 county, Maine, bounded on the west by the Penob- 

 scot Rive'-. It has a station on the Maine Central 

 Railroad, 23 miles N. by E. of Bangor. Pop. 586. 



GreeR Cloth, BOARD OF, a committee of the 

 royal household of England, attached to the de- 

 partment of the lord steward (see STEWARD), who 

 presides over its deliberations. Its duties are to 

 examine and pass all the accounts of the household, 

 and to correct all offenders within the verge or 

 jurisdiction of the palace, which extends to two 

 hundred yards beyond the gates. 



Greene, NATHANAEL, a famous American 

 general, was born 6th June 1742, at Warwick, 

 Rhode Island. His father was a leading preacher 

 among the Quakers, and educated his son very 

 simply, training him from childhood to work on 

 his farm, and at his forge and grist-mill. By his 

 own perseverance, however, Nathanael the younger 

 acquired considerable knowledge of ancient and 

 English history, geometry, law, and moral and 

 political science ; lie was also fond of reading books 

 upon war. In 1770 he was chosen a member of the 

 Rhode Island Assembly, and, to the great scandal 

 of his fellow Quakers, was among the first to 

 engage in the military exercises preparatory to 

 resisting the mother-country. In 1774 he enlisted 

 as a private, and in 1775 he was appointed to the 

 command of the Rhode Island contingent to the 

 army around Boston, with the rank of brigadier- 

 general. Promoted to be major-general, he dis- 

 tinguished himself at the engagements of Trenton 

 and Princeton. At the battle of the Brandywine 

 he commanded a division, and by his skilful move- 

 ments saved the American army from utter destruc- 

 tion ; and at Germantown he commanded the left 

 wing, and skilfully covered the retreat. In 1778 

 he accepted the office of quartermaster-general, 

 retaining the right to command in the field. In 

 1778 he fought at Monmouth Court-house ; in 

 1780 he foiled Clinton at the Railway bridges, 

 was president of the board that condemned Andre, 

 and, having resigned the quartermaster-general- 

 ship owing to the delays of congress in providing 

 supplies, was appointed to Arnold's post at West 

 Point. 



In December 1780 he succeeded Gates (q. v. ) in 

 the command of the army of the south. Gates had 

 just been completely defeated by Cornwallis, and 

 Greene found the army in a wretched state, with- 

 out discipline, clothing, arms, or spirit. By dint 

 of great activity he got his army into better condi- 

 tion, and in January 1781, one of his lieutenants 

 having nearly annihilated an English detachment, 

 and this having drawn upon Greene the whole 

 army of Cornwallis, much his superior in numbers, 

 he made a masterly and successful retreat. On 

 15th March, having drawn Cornwallis more than 

 200 miles from his base, he forced on him a battle 

 at Guilford Court-house, which resulted in a 

 victory for the British, but one so costly that 

 Greene was allowed to pass unmolested into South 

 Carolina. The inland portions of this state and 

 Georgia were rapidly reconquered, and fort after fort 

 reduced, until, at the battle of Eutaw Springs, the 

 war in the south was practically ended in what was 

 virtually a victory for the Americans. Congress 



presented Greene with a gold medal in honour 

 of this battle, and the Carolinas and Georgia 

 made him valuable grants of land. When peace 

 was restored in 1783 he returned to Rhode Island, 

 where he received numerous testimonials of the 

 public admiration. In 1785 he retired with Ids 

 family to his estate at Mulberry Grove, Georgia, 

 where he died of sunstroke, 19th June 1786. 

 Greene was one of the very best generals of the 

 war of independence, second, perhaps, only to 

 Washington, whose close friend he was. See the 

 Life by his grandson, Professor G. W. Greene (3 

 vols. 1867-71 ), and that by Capt. F. V. Greene (1893). 



Greene, ROBERT, an English poet and drama- 

 tist, was born at Norwich about 1560. He was 

 placed at St John's College, Cambridge, and took 

 his degree of A.B. there in 1578. He afterwards 

 travelled in Spain and Italy. On his return he re- 

 entered the university, and took his degree of A.M. 

 at Clare Hall in 1583. He was incorporated at 

 Oxford in 1588. On leaving Cambridge he pro- 

 ceeded to London, where he supported himself by 

 writing plays and romances. He led a very irreg- 

 ular life, but his literary activity was ceaseless. 

 ' Glad was that printer,' says Nashe, ' that might 

 be so blest to pay him deare for the very dregs of 

 his wit.' His romances, many of which are written 

 in Lyly's manner, are frequently tedious and in- 

 sipid ; but they abound in beautiful poetry. One 

 of them, Pandosto: The Triumph of lime, supplied 

 Shakespeare with hints for the plot of The Winter's 

 Tale. The most popular of his plays was Friar 

 Bacon and Friar Bun gay, which has an interesting 

 story, and (in spite of occasional lapses into bom- 

 bast) is attractively written. As Greene helped to 

 lay the foundations of the English drama, even his 

 worst plays are valuable in the eyes of students , 

 but his literary fame rests on the poetry which he 

 scattered through his romances some of his pastoral 

 songs being unsurpassed for tenderness and natural 

 grace. Though his life may have been dissolute, 

 his works are singularly free from grossness. He 

 died of the consequences of a debauch, 3d Septem- 

 ber 1592, and was buried next day in the New 

 Churchyard, near Bedlam. On his death-bed he 

 sent a most pathetic letter to his wife, whom he 

 had deserted. After his death appeared the singu- 

 lar pamphlet entitled The Eepentance of Robert 

 Greene, Master of Arts, in which he lays bare the 

 wickedness of his former life. His Groat's Worth 

 of Wit bought with a Million of Repentance con- 

 tains one of the few authentic contemporary allu- 

 sions to Shakespeare. Chattle, in Kind-Harts 

 Dreame, describes him as ' of face amible, of body 

 well-proportioned, his attire after the habite of a 

 scholler-like gentleman, onely his haire was some- 

 what long.' Greene's plays and poems were edited 

 by Alexander Dyce ; his complete works (15 vols.), 

 with a biography from the Russian of Storojenko, 

 are included in'the Huth Library of Dr Grosart, 

 who also edited a selection, Green Pastures (1894). 



Green Earth, a mineral of a green colour and 

 earthy character, often found filling or lining the 

 vesicular cavities of crystalline igneous rocks, 

 sometimes also disseminated through highly de- 

 composed basic eruptive rocks, in which it is 

 evidently a product of the alteration of such 

 minerals as pyroxene, amphibole, biotite, &c. It 

 consists principally of silica, alumina, magnesia, 

 and protoxide of iron, the silica constituting about 

 one-half. There are probably several minerals 

 included under the 'green earth' of such igneous 

 rocks. Some of these closely resemble Serpentine 

 (q.v.) and others Chlorite (q.v.), in their general 

 appearance. Glauconite is the name given to the 

 green earth which is not infrequently met with in 

 sedimentary rocks, such as some of the sandstones 



