IIKNUY Til!] Ml \STUKL 



IIKNSLOWI: 



Ait'//'-iiut, coming diiwii to 1 l.'.l. l'.'--i'les tliis he 

 \\ioto several epistles on historical matters and 

 some IM)CIHS. His flisfury was published for tin; 

 Rolls series liy T. Arnold in 18HO ; an English 

 translation by T. Forrester appeared in 1853. See 

 tiuinlnei s Knrli/ Chroniclers of Kitropr ( 1879). 



Henry I lie Minstrel; See HAKUY (BLIND). 



Henry. .IIKKI-II, phy.-ieist, was born either in 

 17!7 ir 17!>!>, in Alliany, New York. There, while 

 apprenticed to a watchmaker, he took up the study 

 <>t" M-ience, and earned means to carry him through 

 bheeouraeat the academy, in which institution lie- 

 became instructor in Mathematics in 1826. In 1832 

 he was called to the chair of Natural Philosophy at 

 Princeton ; in 1840 he was elected the first secre- 

 tary of the Smithsonian Institution, and removed 

 to Washington, where he died, 13th May 1878. 

 Apart from his great services to the Smithsonian 

 Institution, with Henry's name are associated the 

 discovery of a relation between the number of coils 

 of wire round the electro-magnet and the construc- 

 tion of the battery to work it, which prepared the 

 way for Morse's invent ion, in which Ins principles 

 were applied to make the instrument effective at a 

 distance; the discovery i>f a singular form of elec- 

 trical induction; researches in meteorology and 

 acoustics ; and the establishment of the national 

 lighthouse board, of which he was chairman from 

 Is7l until his death. He was LL.D. of Union 

 ( 1829 ) and Harvard ( 1851 ), and a member of many 

 scientific societies in America and Europe. Of Ids 

 numerous papers 2 vols. were published in 1886 ; 

 ami a Memorial was published by order of congress 

 in 1S80. 



Henry. MATTHEW, Nonconformist divine, the 

 son of Philip Henry, one of the 2000 ministers who 

 left the Church of England on the passing of the 

 'Act of Uniformity,' was born at Broad Oak farm- 

 house, in Flintshire, October 18, 1662. In 1687 he 

 became pastor of a congregation of dissenters at 

 Chester, where he remained until May 1712, when 

 he removed to a charge at Hackney, nesir London. 

 He died of apoplexy, June 22, 1714, at Nantwich, 

 while on his return from a visit to his old friends at 

 Chester. His principal work is an Exposition of 

 the Old and Neio Testament, in 5 vols. folio (1710 

 and repeatedly since ), which was carried down only 

 to the Acts of the Apostles. The remainder was 

 completed after Henry's death by various ministers, 

 whose names are given in some of the editions. 

 This commentary is not a critical work, but rather 

 practical and devotional in its aim, and as such 

 occupies a high place amongst works of its class. 

 Henry wrote several other books, which were pub- 

 lished at London in 1830. There are biographies 

 of him by Tone (1716), J. B. Williams (1865), 

 Davies (1844), Hamilton (1853), and Chapman 

 (1859); and see the Diaries and Letters of Phil q> 

 Henry, edited by Matthew Henry Lee ( 1883). 



Henry, PATRICK, a great American orator and 

 patriot, was born in Hanover county, Virginia, 

 29th May 1736. His father was a native of Scot- 

 land, his grandmother a cousin of Robertson the 

 historian. Henry received a share of classical 

 education, but at an early age entered business, 

 and married at eighteen. Having failed succes- 

 sively in ' store-keeping ' and in farming, he became 

 a lawyer in 1760, and three years later found his 

 opportunity, when, having been employed to plead 

 the cause of the people against an unpopular tax, 

 his great eloquence seemed suddenly to develop 

 itself. This defence placed him at once in the 

 front rank of American orators, and his later 

 speeches advanced him to their head. From amid 

 the sullen murmurs and remonstrances that the 

 passage of the stamp-act evoked, his voice it was 

 that first rose in a clear, bold call to resistance. 



Throughout the war of independence he was a 

 /.'Ion* patriot. He was a delegate to the first 

 Continental congress, which met at Philadelphia in 

 1774, and delivered the lirst speech in that assembly 

 a speech that for fiery eloquence and lofty tone 

 was worthy of so momentous a meeting. In 1776 

 he carried the vote of the Virginia convention for 

 independence ; and in the same year he became 

 governor of the new state. He was afterwards four 

 times re-elected. In 1791 he retired from public 

 life, and returned to his practice ; in 1795 he declined 

 the secretaryship of state ollercd him by Washing- 

 ton. He died lith June 1799. Henry was an abb- 

 administrator, a wise and far-seeing legislator ; but 

 it is as their greatest orator that his memory lives 

 in the minds of most Americans. No one who ha* 

 come after has approached him in ability to stir 

 and sway the passions of an audience. The classi.M 1 

 Life is that by William Wirt ; others are Everett's, 

 in Sparks's American Biography, Tyler's (1887), 

 and W. W. Henry's (3 vols. 1891 ). 



Henry, ROBERT, a Scottish historian and 

 divine, was born at St Ninians, in Stirlingshire, 

 February 18, 1718. He studied at the university 

 of Edinburgh, and from 1768 till his death in 17W 

 was one of the ministers of that city. In his Hi*- 

 torn of Great Britain on a New Plan ( 6 vols. 

 1771-93) he adopted the 'new plan* of devoting 

 chapters to the social aspects of successive periods, 

 and thus tracing the progress of civilisation in 

 Great Britain ; but the work has no pretensions 

 to critical acumen or even strict accuracy, and 

 consequently is now of little value. 



Henry, WILLIAM, a chemist, was born at 

 Manchester, 12th December 1774, and died on 

 2d September 1836 at Pendlebury near that citv. 

 In 1795 he began to study medicine at Edinburgh, 

 but at the end of his first session he returned home 

 to superintend a chemical business which had been 

 established by his father, and it was not until 

 1805 that he was able to resume his studies at 

 Edinburgh. He only practised for a short time 

 in Manchester, preferring to devote himself to 

 original investigation in chemistry. He was the 

 author of some very valuable papers in the Philo- 

 sophical Transactions (chiefly on the chemistry of 

 the gases ) ; and his Elements of Experimental 

 Chemistry, in two volumes, which was published 

 in 1799, reached an eleventh edition in 1829. 

 Henry was awarded by the Royal Society the 

 Copley gold medal in 1809. The Memoirs of the 

 Manchester Society are chiefly indebted to him 

 and to Dalton for their high scientific character. 



llenryson. ROBERT, Scottish poet, was bora 

 about 1425, and was most likely educated abroad. 

 He is usually designated schoolmaster of Dun- 

 fermline, and he seems besides to have practised 

 there the profession of a notary. His death may 

 safely be put about the end of the 15th century. 

 Of his poems the most important is his Testament 

 of Cresseid, in the form of a kind of supplement to 

 Chaucer's poem on the same subject. Another, 

 Robene ana Makyne, is especially interesting as the 

 earliest extant specimen in the Scottish dialect of 

 pastoral poetry. Other works are a metrical version 

 of thirteen of the Fables of sEsop, with morals 

 suited to the questions of the time, and the some- 

 what feeble Orpin HX mni Eurydice. All previous 

 editions of Henrvson's poems were superseded by 

 that of Dr David 'Laing ( Edinburgh., 1865). 



llenslowe. PHILIP, a stage-manager in Shake- 

 speare's time, was originally a dyer and starch- 

 maker, but became in 1584 lessee of the Rose 

 theatre on the Bankside. From 1591 till his death 

 in 1616 he was in partnership with Edward Alleyn, 

 (q.v.), who married hia step-daughter in 1592. 

 Henslowe's business diary from the year 1593 



