l 



M AX HA 111 X 



MIIIJLE 



aatbumw*. tkeir rank and 



,cii n p. m. 



ml i riral 

 i' 



in Holland IB IT M- .--wlimi-l m medicine at 

 \jftim after \ yean <>J ludy. in IWI. and ini- 

 r,,.i- ul~l in 'London to prarliae 

 kM Mof/nB ; be died in that rily in 1 .33. He 

 to Iwown a. H- ulkor of a hnrt work in doggerel 



all* MklMkod to I7SS. inclu-lr.1 the fable itIf. 

 ealM n* OmmUtm, !!... i --- pruned m I TIC,. 

 grmttrti mm Ukf r'aUr. ami Inquiry into tin Origin 

 / JfWW r>rf. U.ih a.ldr.1 to the 1714 edition. 

 ad A* fftfBI ii n ''A.tn/y SrA'Wi and SrarrJi into 

 tmt OnifM ofSonrt*. fcUrd in I Til Thi- bonk 

 a Bilk Mil fulminant, levelled against the 

 rml thmci of Shaf ImlHiry. who et up aa the 

 .< lite ultra' refined talm> of an 

 ,lpe. Mandrtilh-. writing in a rein 

 of eitrwMly eoan* and hnital |riuhn, cynical in 

 IU frako. ttHMk frequently of rtrikiiig acute 

 Ma. alfitn. that private ieo are public heneliti., 1 

 aiU UMA every Mwaea of virtue i* at bottom mote 

 form of groo wUhlMM*, More or lew modified. 

 Tbu. be iiier xiihaMa UM haw elen.- 

 human n.tute. a. Shait~hurv doe. UM dignilie.l.' 

 Tke book wa. rnM>erl by the grand jury of 

 f I ! Moral and pemiciiHin in it 

 thai, it wa* attacked hy Ijiw 



tq v Hbe oB)w. by llvrkeley. hy Brown, War 

 bmrtoo. HuK-tteaan. awl ober. Manderille in hi* 

 i tkal be wrote in ironr for the di\<-r 

 uf dMcemment and knowledge, and 

 iet not la be taken in literal earnest. 

 I for general raadera. Xevertheleaa, kii 



. MM a n t'iryin fummLrii, t'rtr 

 7*of*/< oo tUifitm, Ac., detract maily (mm the 

 afawrilv of thU plea. It i* wonh while 

 i*g that du realiok hahtu of thought hiinii him 

 ie|ii U earionaly into t...i. h with the 

 I of Modem rtentlfic methoil* of inquiry. 

 CMW ea fr^OiimJniv (1873k 

 y la *!. u. of UM Maw - 



'AtUSnumt}. 



, Juux 01. tke MUM amimed by 

 aa|4Mr of a faMow book of traveU, written 

 fa Fnwk. awl pUthed betwee* ISS7 and 1371. 

 VOTMWM In luliaa. .,,.,.,,. |,,t<-h. Wallo<m. 

 Oeraa*. buWmian. Ikuilh. ami In-h arr found. 

 wi UM Mbw ..I M^s uiuranU to at leju.! :"i 

 Many kat> M*inUinl UM priority of toe Latin 

 int. vkfak * to M many a. hr. ItttfmAmt 

 WTMOMS MJI it MMM Mck more probable that 

 UM Fr**rk wa* Ik* earlier The arh<-i nlition 

 of UM Fiok test wa |inil at Lvon* in I4"*. 

 UOHM. it b mnM probaUe that the book . 



i aJ Iliiiaikaii. Hkwlie Jekaa k 1 



wk* It U*J III aa early Latin edition to have 

 M* MaWMvilU bnt i C.in>. and attain at LUn, 

 a4 to ka* MWMMiM and belpnl him to MIII 

 Mi lfM. Ttore eM b liltlf donbt that tin. 



an ingeni- 



kmk Hal a Ulemt ka been dinenwred 



A CLMM^MMWA^ e^t*^^^L^vl nf* lija >l^^ll* *- - -* II 



'^Ww'I Wl Il* ^Hn !*! II |H fVU 



tea* tkal h> kad kad to flee from hi* natlvn 

 llawl M a bomhi.1. We are told further that 

 i |MnMM. wko 4M to ISTt. bad prartkwd 

 M "fin ! at Ue*i MM* IS4J. And it is 



ppamitlv quite certain that in the Ifith mnl I7lh 

 MUirioj t"i"h wan nhnwn at I. up 1 . "'' 

 I...IUI inscriiilion otatinK that Mandevilla <li.-i| 

 there in Noxcinlier 1372. An En;luh vi 

 wai> made (nun a defwtii- r'nMi.-li tiinnuscrinl 

 at leaot an early a* the Ix^iniiiii^ "f ilic l.">tli 

 century, and two extant Independent n-u.-ions <if 

 thin (olloxv,-.! within a quarter <if century. The 

 original lrf-tie fonn . printed hy PyMOB and 

 \V\nkyn tie Wnrde (1499); the editlOM of 1725 

 anil the well known reiirintK by Halliwell ( 1839 and 

 IW6) repreeiit one of these Inter revisions; that 

 I,IM |>iint<il for the Roxbarghe Club in 1889 in an 

 admirable edition of the other. Hut the glaring 

 error* of tranflntion remler it impnwible tlint eithrr 

 loiius of the Kn>;lisli vr>ion CHII In- from 

 the hand which wrote the original work, in spite 

 of the Ktatcnient in the preface, which has been 

 toneanily liclievcd. that it wax innde !> Mandeville 



I,: , . i N the IBM it remains an admirable. 



monument of Knglixh. hut the name of Sir John 

 Mnndeville nhould now ilis;iii|iear from histories 

 of literature ax the ' father of EaglUh prose.' 



In the prefa<-e the French compiler dewribM 

 hiniM-lf an a knight bom at St A I bans, who left 

 hi- native country in 1322, travelled by way of 

 Turkey. Armenia, Tartary, I'n.-ia, Syiia, Arabia, 

 K^ypl', i.ih\a. .Kthiopin, Amazonia, and India, often 

 visited Jwvoalen, and who wrote in Hoinann- .is 

 U-tter undetxtiNMl than Ijvtin. In the cm 

 the bonk we are told further that he had si-r\<d 

 the Miltan of Kgypt against the Iteilonins, and the 

 emiH-nir of China ngain>t the king of Man/i ; that 

 he had MN-II the glory of I'rcster John nnd <lrnnk 

 if the Fountain of Youth at I'alomlie MJiiiloii on 



ili>' Mai.i!-ri' leinrneil home unwillingly 



owing to arthritic pun in l.'dT. 



My far the greater jiart of the book has now 

 hern iiniM-d to lie horrowed, with interpolation*, 

 n-iially extravagant, from the narrative of Friar 

 Odorio 'wiitten almiil l.'<30); from Ilnyton, an 

 Armenian who became a 1'remonsiratrnsian 

 monk, nnd dictated at I'oitiers in l.SO'ahook .-iliont. 

 the Ea>t in the French tongue; from the work of 



.incincan Cariiini ; from the well-known 

 Kputle of IVi-ter Jolm, widely known in the Cjtli 

 'ntiirv : fnim Albert of Aix, Hrunctto I.atini, 



Mneator, Jacques de Vitry, Vincent de l!i-au- 

 \ni (Sitn-iilinii Jlixtiiriale anA >'/('// -\utii- 

 r<i/r\; from the I'Jth-centnry Ijitin itineraries of 

 I'jih-tine. and from the work of the t M-rman knight 

 William of Holden*ele, written in l.'f.'tli. A Mnall 

 |iition of the lHik may Mill ic|iresent actual 

 travel* and perwmal knowledge, i.s|',.ially in the 

 |*rt relating to the Holy Land; but thisdoe* not 



hsh the honebtv of the writer, who claims 

 himx-lf to have travelled in the remotest regions 

 ilex-ribiil, ami to have wen with his own eyes ilie 

 wonder* ennnierated. while he never mentions 

 II.IMIII-. from whom he convevifl by far the grealcr 

 part of hi* lHik. Among these winnleo we find 

 torienof fabuloni ntonsten, Kuch as anthropophagi, 

 ami men who** head* grew liciicath their shouldi-i -. 

 Uie pho ni\. the vegi-tahle lanili, the weeping cio.-o 

 dile. the garden of trnnsmigrated mmls at CHII^MX 

 ( Hang chiMt foo i. and the N alley Perilous. <>i il,.- 

 TerreMrial l'aradie, however, the writer is candid 

 enough to imy that he hail not been there. 



SM th* artieU- by <V,|.,ni-l Yulo and K. H. Ki, 

 in vul. . (1WO) of th Knrtirloixrdia Jtntaimica, nd 

 tlw UtUr. l.ti.-r in tho Andrmp for April 12, l.vM . 

 I>r All. rt Il<iven*chen. Qnrllrn fur die &<* 

 lift J,*n* ,nn Mnnihrill, ( Ifc-rlin. 1H8); Hnd the In 

 tnilnoti.w hy (!. K. Warnvr to hii edition for the Ro- 

 18 I. in which the view of Ur VogeU and 

 I T ( i I Kchuabom uc aUo ^"^nrrl 



Manillblr. a name applied to various jaw- 

 organ* eg. the third pnir of appendages in Crn 



