18 



MAXKKKIM.XIA 



MAN(iK 



and hi. friend., and he.towe.1 hi. 

 i a* a |*|*1 fief on Cliarlm of Anjou. the 

 brother of Lorn. IX. of France. Manfred. though 

 H&ntmteimM in the wmr which enied. wa. at 

 U.I UwdMTDMly <Mafti*d. and .lain in a blond;- 

 battle at BeMVMto, ttth February IM8. Hl 

 body wa. interred a. that of an excommunicated 

 penon. Hi* widow ami rlul.lrrn were l-rharoojdy 

 treated by the Preach : the widow and lliree MM 

 died in pri-on : the daughter wa. eonunod for 

 twenty two year*. Hb hUtory ha. been made 



of drama and opera. See Oewe, 

 Stona rf, .V/rrrf, ( 1ST t : Sohirrmncber. Uar*Att 

 far M*OT JfoAcMton/r. ( IM7I ). 



Manfrrdonia. walle.1 neaport of Italy. .. 

 Uie tiulf of Manfredonia, a Uv of the Adri 

 mile, by rail X K. of K<ggia. Pounded l.y Mahfred 

 in I9l from the ruin* of ancient SiponMB, 11 

 ha. an old ca*tle and a cathedral. I'-p. HM4. 



MRKMlorr, a wj.ri .ml military station, 

 and chief i.mii in the district <>f South Kanara. 

 in UIB piueidiinriT of Madriii. In lin A clean, pi. -tur 

 iqM town, enilwwroed in cocoa nut palm 

 it .hip. large iiuanlitien of coffee i from r..oig mi. I 

 Myore | in .mail Arabian and Indian viwl- I 

 total tnule reaches an annual average of nearly 

 XMOO.OUO in Milue. Pop. i ---. iadwllng 



large body of Roman Catholic*, who have here a 

 bbhop and a college. Mangalore U aim the head- 

 quarter* in lii-lia of the lianel Lutheran '> 

 toe memU-rs <if lnc-li te.i.-h i lii-it |siple ii weave 

 cloth, print and hind book*, and make root tile*. 

 The town, which wa. three times Mcked >>v the 

 Port|CiMW in the 16th century-, wan taken l.y 

 il i.-r All in ITo.1. ml niaile the huh|uart.-i- 

 of hb navy t" ' ' '"' garrison \n-l.ied 



to Tlppoo Sultan afl-r nine month' nii-ge. It 

 111 mini Britioh in I7W, and wa. burned by tlie 

 i ........-.-,, :v.T 



, JAMES Cl-ARKUrK, a gifted hut hap 

 ho wa. U.ni in 1803, and employed 

 Many yean- in the drud.- > ing in_an 



MMHIII. J 

 ! Iruh* poet, 

 far Many year 



attorney', office. Hi. heart wa. frnim^l for -nll-T 

 ing. and hi. whole lif<- wax a iiayi-<l> of lm|>l<- 

 love, poverty, ami inicni|HTKin-f. until In- 

 rat in death at M...th ll.|.iial. Dnl.lin. 

 June IM0. There i line ijiialitv in In- ot 

 vene. a. well an in Inn traiii-latioiin from tli>- < < 

 man, Iwt Btore eaperMlly fnmi the old Irixli, a* in 

 the impMriooed balbul of rtnrk Ro*ilee*. 



HI* *vw wm poblubod at New York la 180B and 

 WTO. with a Uf. by John JOtebW ; MU. OuiMr. la hr 



aad ad> < 16YU anat IW. indoWln.- 

 ' neaiiMt refrain.; Uw rtandanl Life i. 

 D. J. ODonokM'.(UH). 



MI. Mn ; atomic weight, I 

 > grmipof heary metal*. It is darker 

 thin wmoirhl iron, i capable of a high degree of 

 polbh. and b . hard a. to .cratch glass and .tee). 



>nly feel.lv attracted hy the magn- 

 oxidbe* readily on exporare t the aii. Tin- metal 

 in .mall quantity along with iron 

 ! meteoric tone*, bat may U ol.taiticd in large 

 amount by the reduction of it- ~-.|uioxide or car- 

 bonate by cbamntl at an extreme heat. 



oxytrm il form* nix compound- mangan- 

 oiw o Me, MnO; manganic oxide, MII..H, : man- 



CiAaw manganic "<: manganene dioxide. 



tr anhydride. Mni>, ; and pennim 



ie anhydride, Mn,d >. it form* pi. .to 



_ and pernalU, Mn ; <'l, It also t..ii... 

 ilerlveii from an arid, I^Mnii,. uch as 

 potaoanni manganale. k Mi.n,. and from nn 



,. a- i.iA>i|iim |M>niiaiigaiinte, KMn'i 

 The btmortJr. MnO,. i. the . -lin-f form in which 

 I b found in nature, and i- tin- general 

 of the other compound*. U b known to 



M!U. 



mlneralogi.il* as pyrolusite, and in commerce as 

 Mark manganese <>r manganese simply. When 

 healed alone or with sulphuric acid it gives off 

 oxvgen, and when heated with hydrochloric acid 

 chlorine i. cvolv.sl. It is hugely used in the manu- 

 facture of gUa*, to which it imparts a purple colour, 

 so Mip|KiM>d to odour the iimethv-t 



Mtiitijiiiu'iix unV/f, MnO, is an olive-green JH>W- 

 der. Its aalta are colourleM*. or of a pale roee 

 colour. The sulphate, MnSt) 4 , in pink crystals, in 

 largely u-cd hy the calico-printer for the pioduc 

 lion of hlack aild hrown colours, hy tie. ompo-ing it 

 ith l.lcaching |M.vvdcr or an alkali. 



M,, MIL/*,, iii octahedral eryitaja. 



I..HIIS the minei.il hiaiinitc. and ill Ilie liydratd 

 form, Mn I'll ' >. the mineral manganite. 



Mil/*,, i- formed when 



-I il tiier oxides aie healed ill the air. It U 



foiind in nature as the mineral liausmaiinitc. 



.Wiiiiiptiiii <nil, i/ilni/i , Mn<lj. is not known in the 



It forms a hydratcd acid, ll,Mn() 4 , 



which forms salts. Maiiganate of poUtfitim, 



K,Mnl' ( , is the In-st known ol these. Il i- in green 



lid on allowing its solution to stand 



. the air it lai'idly Womcs l.lue. \iolet, 



purple, and linally red. hy the gradual coineision 



..t the manganate into' the |Tiuanganate of 



|HitAsh -. on this account it is si.metimes called 



chameleon mineral. 



,inli yilriili . Mii,O., i- only known 

 in -olutii.n or in a state of coinl.ination. 

 solution is of a splendid red colour, hut appeal- ol 

 a dark violet tint when seen hy transmitted light, 

 r.-iiii.iiig.imitcof |sitasli, KMn(i 4 , which crystal: 

 in reddish purple i, li-ms. is the im>st ini|Kutant of 

 .ills. It is largely employed in analytical 

 chemistry, and is the hasis of Condy's Disinfectant 

 Fluid. 



Manganenc in a constituent of many mUMnl 

 waters, and is found in small ijuantity in the a-li 

 of most vegetjihle and animal -ul.-lam-e-. I: 

 almost always aMMK-iatiHl with iron. \'arious pie 

 parations of manganese have Ix-cn employed in 

 IIKHlicine. The hinoxide IIILS IH-CII llslll lls a sllh- 

 stitute for hi-muth in d\sp.-ptic allections, while 

 various ptc|iarations have IM-CII tried a- Mili-tilul.-- 

 for iron in iiini-mia, hut with dbappointillB results. 

 The manganate and permanganate ol jiota.-h 

 ica.liK 1'iiit with their ox\gen. ami in weak solution 

 are used as di-inlf-iing and a-ningent lotions. 



MnilKC. a contagious di-ea.-e in hoises, dog-. 

 and cattle, i, like seal, in slieep. very similar to itcli 

 in the human siil.ject, n-Milling from the att. 

 of minute mil' Some of these hinrow 



in the -kin. ..then* ve ahoiil U|M.II the skin, 



es|Ni-ially if it iH-diity or scurh. and cause much 

 irritation, heat, and Itching, and the eruption of 

 minute pimples, with dryness, sciirlincss, lialdnefca, 

 anil Idcacliing of the skin. The tiealment con-i-i- 

 in de-i niviiig the nmn. and insuring the- cleanli 

 new and MUNI "f the skin, hoth ol which ohjecU 

 . lle<-t<-<l hy washing thepaits thoronghlv evciy 

 necond da\ with soft soai. and walei. am! die-sing 

 daily witli sulphur or mihl mercurial ointmcni 

 with a solution containing lour grains cither of 



ciillo-ive -l| 1. 1 1 mat alsellie to tl Illlce of Water. 



' Kruised and stcc|>cd for twelve 



hours in hiitti-rmilk. are very successfully used l.y 

 the nalive Indian farrieni. Where the heat and 

 itching arc great, an b often the caw- in dogs, a few 

 .In.).- of tincture of Ixdhidonna may !* used to 

 the ii-nal die-sing, or applied along with a little 

 glv'-uiK- \Vheiethegeneral health is indifferent, 

 an in chtonic cane*, the patient should ! lilicially 



fl, kei.t clean and c fortahle, have an 



sional alterative dose of any simple saline medicine, 

 .itch a. nitre or common -alt, and a counte of 

 uch tonic, an iron or arsenic. CleanlineM and 



