M \ SI S 



MANITOBA 



Mil 



r at the naval station of Cavite. 

 th-weM. A railway wa com- 

 I from Manila to llagnpan. n dUtance <>f I'J" 

 n, ,!*>. in INKT, ami wa> opem-d in November IM0S. 

 The principal port of the Philippines, Manila ha* an 

 export trade valued approximate!) at .CM"i."" 

 annually, and an import trade that fall* but little 

 short of that figure. Sugar, hemp, cigar* and 

 tobacco, and coffee account for three-fourt!n> of the 

 export*, and cotton gonda, rice, wine, silk, and 

 flour figure most prominently amongst tlie import*. 

 Nearlv one-half of the trade'ia carried on under the 

 British flag, one-fourth under the Spani-di. and one 

 seventh under that of the I'nited States. The 

 Spanish authorities were very jealous of foreigner* 

 ettlta* in Manila, especially of i 

 suffered from a great lire in IW3, shared in the 

 revolution that began in 1804, and saw in its 

 harbour the destruction of the Spani*h tl.-.-t by the 

 Ani'-riraii commodore Dewev in May I -*'.'- 

 Man,H,i llrmm, we ABACA. 



IHMH.K. an Italian patriot of .Icwi-i, 

 I* born 13th May IMU4 at Venice, studied 

 law at Padua, and *tilw<|iiently practised at the 

 l<ar. From IK3I he became a recognised leader of 

 liln-ral opinion in Venire. Previous to the outbreak 

 of 1848 Manin was imprisoned for presenting a 

 nmewhat ouUpokon petition to the authoriti.-s ; 

 but on the promulgation of the new* that Paris, 

 Naples, and Tuscany were in revolution he wan 

 released in triumph by the |>op,ilace, and was at 

 once invested with supreme power. From tin- 

 period of his election to the presidency of the 

 Venetian republic Manin's em-!. .. -\ot.-d 



to the organisation of the inhabitant* for self- 

 defence. During the annexation of 1/mil.nrdy to 

 Piedmont lie laid down hi* authority : but on 

 the defeat of the Sardinian army at Novara, 23d 

 March 1840, be resumed it. and was the animal ing 

 spirit of the entire population of Venice during the 

 heroic defence of the city for live month* ;i-uin*t 

 the herieging Austrian "army On ii,,- jm, ,,f 

 August Venice capitulated ; but Manin, with forty 

 of the principal citizen., being excluded from the 

 amnesty, quitted the city. He retired to Paris, 

 where he taught Italian, and win-re he died of 

 heart-disease, 22d Sept.-ml.cr ltc,7. The I- 

 thi* truly great ami noble man wen- brought to free 

 Venice in 1868, and a statue of him was erected 

 e. Lives by Henri Martin ( Paris, I860), 

 Find ( IH7* I. and Errera ( IH75 ). 



, MA\I.I. or CAWAVA (M n >h<,t 

 . a plant of the natural order Kuplmr 

 a native of tropical America, and much ml 

 there, in tropical Africa, and in other : mpi. ! 

 Manioc, or Mamti,*;,. i. the Br.i/ilian 



nw the West Indian an.l in Peru and 



ther parts of South America the name i* 

 Jura at Yttcrm. The olanl i. p|,nibb\. with brittle 

 terns In N feet high, and rnmked branches, at the 

 extremities of which are the large jialrnate leaves 

 and green flowers. 1 he root i* tnhernu*, of iiium-HM- 



and green Bowers. Ihe root i* tnhemii*. of InUMBM 

 -ighing often as much as X Ib. The milky. 

 aerid inlre which permeates very part of the plain 

 > a deadhr poi M In ite freab slate, owing to the 



lly pniso., _ 



of bydrocyanlc acid, which U .|,,ickl> 

 I by heat. The juice, inspissated by Uuling. 

 the excellent sauce called " 



with tin>l 

 called 



- , 



eating bevWage called Ovrm< .' whil.t the r.,t 

 grated, dried on hot metal |.lat~. and roughly 

 tared, bMmnes an article of f...|. I 

 to South Anif-ri'-a. and there very generally 

 i a* r,,r>*n (Port., 'meal'). It i* mail.- mt.i 

 like the oatmeal cakes of Scotland, 

 , not by mixing it with 



water, hut by the action of heat KoftfiiiiiK and 

 aKKlutinatinK the pnriirlr* of Btarch. It is aim) 

 importe<l into liritain, to Iw uaed in mnniifao- 

 tone* a* starch. The true Htarch of niniii.u-, 

 eparaU'd in the onlinary manner from the lil>rc, 

 i known in coniinerce aa Brazilian Arrowroot. 

 From it tn|ii.K'a U made, by heating it on hot 

 platon, and Htirrint; with an iron rod ; the starch 



! prainn burxt, ruime of the gtarch U convert. .! 

 into dextrine, ami the whole agglomerates into 



-mall 'rre^iilar inaoses. The Pearl Tapioca of the 

 -h..|., ni~i*tinK of mnall spherical grains, i not 

 n |.rmluct of muiii.K' but of potato starch. AnothcT 

 -l^-cies or variety of manioc IH also cultivate*!, th.> 

 riMiU of which contain a ]>erfcctly hlnnd juice, nn.l 

 are eaten raw, roasted, or boiled. This, the S\v,-i>t 

 Cassava or Sweet Juca (M. Aijti, said to he a native 

 of Afrira as well as of America), has the root of 

 lonp-r -ha|H' than the conimoii or Kilter nixsava, 

 and Mimller. The manioc in easily jiropa^ated by 

 rutting of the stem, and i of rnpid gniwth, attain- 

 ing inatiirity in ~i\ month*. The produce U at 

 least MX times th.it of wheat. 



Manipur. a native Mate in the noitli east of 

 India, occupying *o,ne 80UU sq. in. of for the nio-i 

 |rt heavily timbered mountain-land l-tw'.-n l!u? 

 ma, Assam, ChiMMMg^ and Cachar; pop. 2*21,000, 

 collected most thickly in one valley. (!.">( i s.|. m.. 

 *itiiiit.'.l 2.VX) feet above sea-level. ' The men are 

 lazy, hut very fond of Polo (q.v. ). The Manipuris 

 combine Mongolian and Aryan rharacterixtic*. and 

 are mainly Hindus. A British political agent was 

 I'Matilishcd .it the rajah'-, court in the town of M.uii 

 |iur or Imphail ( |Hip. 40,000) in 1835. In March 

 IVH Mr QnintOB, chief-commissioner of Assam, 

 arronii'anicd bv an escort of Ghoorkas, cam.' 

 hither in March on a mission ; and he and Mr 

 (rimwood. the resident, were overpowered and 

 killed. A British military expedition reached the 

 cajiital In-fore the end of April ; and after trial, the 

 nt and a prince were trans]xirt<-d for life, and 

 tin- 'SenapiittN ' ami chief -general executed. E 

 Mrs (irimwood, .Vy Three Year* in Manipur ( 1891 ). 



Mnilix. >.' I' \NI;II|.IN. 



Aia Minor, s. M V..M-.I \. 

 , capital of Manistee county, Michi 

 , is on I-ike Michigan, at the mouth of the 

 nistw liner. Kti miles N\V. of Lansing. It has 

 several foundries, ten wilt-works, and a lar^-e mini 

 her of liimlirr mills. Pop. ( 19<Hl) 14,260. 



H. -I n it oho, a province of Canada, liounded 

 on the W. by the district of As*inihoia, on the 

 N\\. and N. l.y the districts of Sa*katche .in 

 and Keewatin, on the K. by the province of On- 

 Inrio and the unorxani-.'d territory east of Kec 

 watin. an.l on the S by Minnesota and North I >a 

 kola. The province is ti.ivci*ed liv several rivers, 

 among others the Assiniboine, with'ite many tribii- 

 larii-s, the chief of which are the S.niris. tlie Pen. 

 hina, and the B,,| Kiver. The Winnipeg liiv.'r 

 Mow- for IKI or 70 niih-s through the eastern portion 

 of the province into Ljike Winnipeg. The prin- 

 ci|*l laki- are Winnipeg, KM) nq. m. ; Manitoba, 



: ). in. ; anil Wiiinipegoxin, 1036 sq. m. The 



country consists for the most part of a level plain. 



tonal mi. dilations. A good deal is -aid 



from time to time al-ont the severity of the climate. 



Tl '" "'" r mean is 65 to 70" nearly the same 



H- that m the state of New York. In winter the 

 thermometer occasionally sinks to 30, 40, and 50 

 MjOW zero; but these extreme temperatures are 

 M-I\ ran-. The ntmo'phcrc in bright and dry, and 

 the cold (..not M. much felt an in many countries 

 with a higher temperature and a more humid 

 atmosphere. Warm clothing especially when driv- 

 ing ami warm houses are necessary to resist the 

 evenly of the weather. Very little snow falls on 



K 



