

MARRIAGE 



ti*K to Ut Ptoplt of A/;/irm/. Other wi: 

 the MUM aide were John Lilly and Thorn., 

 Bacon prmrntcd to the iiiiniii\ in l.v.m hi* wiw 

 paper entitled .-In Adrtriiteinr*t ti'iirliimj t/ir l',,n 

 trortrmt of Uu CAnrrA of Emjlumi, an ailmirable 

 argument far moderation and mutual concemion in 

 thing* indifferent. Flrrt of all.' he MIX*. i, i. 

 ore than time that tliere were an end and snr 

 CBMB made of thU immodest and deformed manner 

 of writing lately entertained, whereby matter* of 

 religion are handle.) in the st>lc of the stage.' 

 PrOMHor Arber lias include.! a reprint of I 

 prelate tract* in his Kn-li-b Scholar'-. Library.' 

 Bee the Rev. W. Maakell's Hitlory / ike Jftnr* 

 Into Vontmvrrty ( 1848). 



Wiirqur, LETTEK or. See LETTER or 

 fABQOB, 



Marquesas Inlands, or MIM.\\VS. are a 



group in I'olyneMa, X. of Tuamotu or I, on- Aivhi- 

 , between 8* and II S. hit. and I. IS" an.l Ml 

 long. The name strictly applies to four or five 

 ixlMiliM-.nrr.sl hy Men.lana ill I.V.1.1, hut usually 

 include* m.w the Washington gioup of seven 

 ialaada, to the north weM, which were discovered 

 by the American Ingraham in 1797. Total area, 

 402 *q. in. The whole, arcbi|ielago is volcanic. 

 Hita-oa and Xuka-hiva are the largest islands. 

 Nearly all are shaped into several narrow valleys, 

 in which the bulk of the |xipulation. .VJIti in IsV,, 

 lire. In Cook'* time there were 100,000 inhabit- 

 anu, but in IH3S they bad decreased to Sum 

 They are perhaps the finest race of the brown I'oly- 

 neaian Block, ami. though courteous, are cruel and 

 wvangeful. Sine.- IS4'2 the islands have been a 

 French protectorate. A little cotton is grown by 

 Cbinece immigrants. 



Warnn-tr. See INI.AYIKO. 

 M:iri|ii<-l(r. capital of Marnuette county, 

 Michigan, i* on the southern shore, of Lake 

 N : t'hicago. It has 



and machine <ho]i. and a -late igiiarry. ln>n ore 

 in very Urge <|oantilie> is mined in the county and 

 hipped fnwn bere. Mam net te is the iwat of a 

 Koman Catholic bUhop. Pop. ( 1900) 10," 



NnrquK or M AK^IK-W. the degree of nobility 

 which in the peerage of England ranks n.-\t to 

 duke. Mat.|iii~- were originally commander* on 

 the border* or frontien. of count rien, or on the 

 were Ism ml u> protect In 



1 ' 'i I'u u?v niii 



of the boHen of Scotland and Wale, in the reign 

 of Henry III., and the foreign equivalent .l/,ir/.. 

 gnV wa common on the < '..ntin,.nt ; i,,,i ti,,. 

 "*Knli.h maro,,;. in the m..|e rn M!aua Wlll , 

 Robert de \ere, l-jirl of (Muni, who wan created 

 Man].!!. ..f Dublin by Kiel,:,,.) ||. j,, |:is,-, The 

 title .,. fir.t intr.iihi<sr,| into S,,, t land in I.V.c.i 

 wbOT the Maruiittea of Hiintly and Hamillon 

 wr ervateil. For the coronet iif a maronj. ,M. 

 Cotnxrr. Tte mantle i. .carlet. it|, ,1!, 

 a half doubling* of nm:,.- \ m.u.pii, in stvle.1 



Th Most HommnUi ; hi. wife i. n marchionew , 

 P 1 " I- 1 ' 1 ""*"" ">" by courts the next !.., ,j t |,. 



. , " ' 



he t.lfe^ the mart,uite. in whi-l, eo-. I,,. ,,,., 

 take tba next lower mill. The younger ton. of n 

 mar.,!.;. ,e .u|.,| | xlt .|.- a ,,,| , |<R4 , . 



with tin- aildiiion of ( hn.iiiui name and nurname. 

 M;irr. S, MAH. 



i "i* l T**f * denoU the union of man and woman 

 legal relation of hu.Und and wife M the 

 i mar I. deBrwHU |or| law or ctutom. The 

 ma b* roe 



are founded on contract, are intended to endure, 

 and are approve.! of, or at leant pcimiti.--!, hy jmhlic 

 or croup opinion ; l.ut these are ciin.lilions essen- 

 tial to inaiiiaxe. It U not strictly applicable to 

 in whii'h the wife U u'ot by capture; for no 

 tha 



relations or conM'c|iiciH-e that call be called 

 can ai'ix 1 out of an act of violence which HI.. 

 resentment and provokes to retaliation ; but, if the 



r' tiilie approve, there may be de J, 

 marriage in xuch casex, and true marriage it", in 

 addition, the tribe of the woman ;u-.|iiicsce8 in 

 the capture when effected, in which case an 

 approach U made to marriage with the form of 

 capture i.e. BMiriage proceeding upon a contract, 

 but carried out through a form or pretence of cap- 

 tilling ihe liride. 



-Many nations have had traditions of a time when 

 marrinn^ was unknown amon^' their own pi. 

 oessorx, and of Home lawgiver lo whom its institu- 

 tion was asci-ilx-d, who was, for example, amoni; 

 the Egyptian!., .Mem-s ; amonj; the Chinese, Fo-hi ; 



-al law or cintoin. 

 h* proprrlv appli~l to connexion. 

 CWMVI UM **xe* which to .-ivj|i.<-.| j.,,i,l,. . 

 wdi*fly .light and loose, provided tliat i 



be- 

 MM>m 



they 



n^ the Greeks, Cecrupg ; among the , 



Svi-taketu. Ami (if man had to work out liU own 

 institutions) it is plain that societies everywhere 

 would need time for arriving at those regulative 

 customs, in the absence of which there would l>e no 

 marriajje, and neither ri"ht nor wronj; in matters 

 of sex ; iniich time, indeed, wherever theiv pre- 

 vailed that law of incest (exogamy) which cut oil" 

 men from marrying all women of their own kin- 

 (lre,l. however remote the relationship, the women 

 aiming whom their coniie<-tions must have IKVII 

 made at first. Darwin, foui,<lin<; iiirnn observation 

 of the higher animals, was of opinion that, l>efore 

 the Ipringing up of marriage custom, the jealous 

 rage of tin- male would determine that there would 

 be no general promiscuity of the women, and that 

 there would at first lie a prevalence of polygyny. 

 It should, however. In- remembered that 'iiniong 

 early jieophw and backward peoples, with niarii 

 fully (leline.1. jealousy has often been practicallv 

 unknown, t (hscrvation of men, savage and civilised, 

 would (K-rhaps suggest that. IK- fun- some notion of 

 light in matters of se\ hail sprung up, there would 

 ! no uniform U'liaviour in those matters, that men 

 would do as they could, as passion prompt. -.1 and 

 oplxirtunity ottWcd, an.l that they would not be 

 over scrupulous in their connections i.e. that they 

 might lie |)lygamists. polyaiidrisls. or IDOIlOgamisti 

 ..... r.ling to circumstances, ami that there would 

 lie as much promiscuity as there was opportunity 

 for. 



An attempt to show in outline the history of 

 marriage and of kinship has necessarily been made 

 under the head of Family <q.v.), and to that refer- 

 '' ..... must hen- lie made. In that account the 

 l-eginnings of marriage are traced to the predom- 

 inance of a modification of pr ..... iscuity, to Nair 

 polnadry, or something equivalent to it, which 

 could yield a system of kinship through females 

 only a limitation of kinship which can only have 

 MMMM established when there was usually no 

 father in the household, and fatherhood was un- 

 certain, not thought of, or not claimed. I'lti- 

 miUely. in advanee<l -, j,,ti. - e\ery where, marriage 

 cmne to IM. regarded as not to lie' duly constituted 

 without a religious sanction. 



While the law of exogamy forbids a man to marry 

 any woman of his own kindred, a law which has 

 bean named endogamy forbids a man (where it 



evail*) to marry any woman who is not of his 



kindred. Endogamy has liecn widely prevalent, 



and not among rather advanced pmralattoM only, 



lit among many which are decidedly backward ; 



there are imlicationo, often conclusive, of ita 



vinif Wn preceded by exogamy, and it may 



taken to have lieen preceded by it at least in 



most case*. Exogamy, if this be" conceded, has 



