MIKLOSICH 



MILAN 



tlimno devolved ii|Nin Miguel's elder brother, 



Pedro, the emperor of Hrazil : lie. however, PMigMU 



it in favour of hu daughter, Mm in, lnit making 



Mix"' 1 ! recent till her majcr- 



ily. .Miguel at onee dissolved 



the constitutional cortes, 



summoned the cortca that 



had preceded it, and was on 



.Midi June 1828 l.y it pro 



rlaiineil kin;:. But Pedro of 



Itiazil gathered an army at 



the and in K'tt 



capture.! OiHirto and I.i-lxui, 



and Charles Napier de- 



t roved Miguel's fleet off 



Cape St Vincent (1833). 



Next year Maria wax restored 



to the tin ami Miguel 



withdrew to Italy, protest- 

 ing. He died on 14th No- 

 veiulier 1860 at Hronnhach, 

 near Wertheiin in Baden, 

 having IM-CII a spoilt youth, 

 a wildly diolnte man, and 

 a tyrannical ruler. 



MikloHlrh, KRAXZ VON, 

 the greatest of Slavonic 

 scholars, was tarn at Lut- 

 tenberg, in the Slovenian 

 i>art of Styria, 20th Novem- 

 ber 1813. After studying 

 law at Gratz University, he 

 went in 1838 to Vienna to 

 practise as an advocate, but 

 was led by Kopitor to the study of philology, and 

 in 1844 obtained a post in the Imperial Library. 

 From 1850 to 1885 he was professor of Slavonic at 

 Vienna, in 1851 being elected to the Academy, 

 and knighted in 1869. He died 7th March 1891. 

 His works, nearly thirty in number, include Ratlieet 

 Lintfitte Palieoslovenica (1845); Lexicon Linyuas 

 Palteotloivnira; (1850); Vergleichendc Grammntil; 

 dcr SlawitrJien Sprachen (4 vols. 1852-74), which 

 has done for Slavonic what (irimm and Diez have 

 done for the German and the Romance languages ; 

 Die Jliltliini/iffr X/uirwchen 1'ersonennamen ( 1860); 

 Uebcr die Mmnlnrten iind die W under 1111 gen der 

 Zigtunrr Ettropas ( 12 parts, 1872-SO) ; Humanist-he 

 UiUeriuchunaen (1882); and Etymotoguche* II 'or- 

 terbuch der Slaioachen Sprachen ( 1886). 



Mlknns. Mrqiiinez, or MIKNASA, a town of 

 Morocco. ;\-l miles \V. by S. of Fez ami 70 miles 

 from the coast, stands amidst olive groves on the 

 filo|x> of a hill. It is surrounded by wall*, and is 

 perhaps the liest built town in Morocco. The palace 

 i- tin- summer residence of the sultan, and the 

 inoMiue of Muley Ismail is the burial-place of the 

 royal house. Pop. altont 30,000. For the early his- 

 tory of the place, see Journ. Atiatique ( 1885). 



Milan, the third in size of Italian cities, Naples 

 ranking first and Home second, stands in the 

 great plain of Lomhardy, 80 mile* NK. of Turin, 

 155 W. of Venice, and 25 S. of Ijike Como at the 

 f'K.i of the Al|w. The citv, nearly circular in shape, 

 is surrounded on three sides by walls, has a circuit 

 of nearly 8 miles, and i entered l-y 14 gates. 

 Although a place of great antiquity, it does not 

 IKWMM many very old buildings : it has been too* 

 greatly ravaged by war. The modern city is a 

 busy, enterprising, and wealthy community. The 

 BtreetN are broad and regular, and the houses nub- 

 tantial and roomy. The principal church is the 

 cathedral of the archbishop, the foundation of 

 which was laid, on a ite where already two 

 cathedral* had stood, bv Gian Galeazzo Visconti in 

 1386; it was romplctiil by order of Najioleon I. in 

 1805-13. It is built entirely of marble, and in the 



Gothic style, with an approach to Flamboyant in 

 the ornamentation ; but the imiow.- and |Hirtals 

 ol the facade (10th century) are Italian. The 



Milan Cathedral. 



exterior is adorned with some 6000 statues in 

 niches and a vast numl>er of pinnacles. Other 

 noticeable churches are St Ambrose, founded in 

 808, on the site of one dedicated by the saint him- 

 self in 387 it has early mosaics, an altar with 

 clever goldsmith's work, and other antii|iiitie- ; 

 St EustorgiiiB, dedicated iii .'t'JO, with interesting 

 sepulchral monuments; St George, founded in 

 750, but greatly modernised, with pictures by 

 Luini and Ferrari; St Maria delle Gra/ie (built 

 1463). on the walls of whose refectory is Leonardo 

 da Vinci's 'Last Supper;' and St' Maurice the 

 Greater (1497-1506), adorned with paintings by 

 Luini and his school. The principal secular build- 

 ing is the lirera I'alace (12th century), formerly a 

 Jesuit college, now the palace of arts and sciences, 

 which shelters within its precincts a very valuable 

 gallery of paintings by such masters as Raphael, 

 I 'a Vinci, Luini, Mantegna, the licllinis, Titian, 

 Vand vi-k. &c. , an academy of art, a collection of 

 casts for modelling, the ma^mlircnt nionunient of 

 (loston de Foix, the national library (1770) of 

 162,000 vols. and 3650 MSS., an a'icbieological 

 museum, and an observatory. In Frederick Uor- 

 romeo's creation, the famous Ainbi-osiaii Library 

 ( 1609), there are 164,000 vols. and 8100 MSS. . be- 

 colleetions of drawings, engravings, and pictures. 

 The city is adorned with numerous palaces, as that 

 of the archbishop (1570); the royal palace, with 

 line modern frescoes ; the Late Renaissance, muni- 

 cipal palace (1558); the former castle of the 

 Vi"conti (15th century), with frescoes by Luini ; 

 the 1'oldi-Pezzoli palace, with a collection of paint- 

 ings of Leonardo da Vinci's school, armour, nnd 

 artistic objects ; and several others. The arcmled 

 colonnade of Victor Emmanuel (1865-67), lined with 

 fine shops, forms a favourite promenade of the 

 jNNinle. The Arch of Peace, built of white marble 

 ( 1807-38), commemorates the exploits of Napoleon. 

 The Delia Scala ojiera-liouse (1778) is the second 

 largest (next after San Carlo at Naples) in 

 Italy. Uccraria, Manzoni, the popes Pius IV. and 

 Gregory XIV. were natives of Milan. The prin- 

 cipal of the scientific and artistic institutions 



