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X A ( ; I N A 



NAILS 



tin' entrance to tlie Imrlxitir, serve* to give im- 

 portance to Nagasaki as a coaling station. Naga- 

 njiki also poMomien a tino doekyara and patent slip. 

 The foreign settlement is situated on tin- Hat land 

 at the east side of the harbour. Tlio Uoiiiitn 

 ( 'atholic Church lias a strong mission here, and in 

 one of the valleys in the BMgbbourbood i- a com 

 iniinily of lii.storiral native Christians. I'totcstant 

 missions are represented by the Knglish Church 

 Missionary Society, and the American Metbodtrt, 

 Episcopal! and ( Dutch) Reformed C'liurch mission-. 

 At i lie mouth of the harliour is tin- small island of 

 PappcnlH-rg (Takaboko), from which 300 Christians 

 are -aid to have l>een hurled in the frightful perse- 

 cutions of the 17th century. Pop. ( !Sy5) 7'.2,$21. 



>:iuin:i. a town in the Xortli-west Provinces of 

 India, 48 miles X\V. of Moradabad. Pop. 20,503. 



V'i;i|Mir. a city of Kiiii-h India, the seat of 

 administration for the Central Provinces. 4.">0 miles 

 EXE. of lioinhay hy mil. It lies embosomed in 

 L has several handsome tank.-, gardens, ami 

 temples, and extensive suburbs, but is not a 

 healthy city, the mean temperature being 78'7 K. 

 Fine cloth fabrics are woven, and there is an active 

 trade in wheat, salt, spices, and European goods. 

 Here, on the 20th and 27th November 1817, a 

 liiitish force of 1350 men, commanded hy Colonel 

 ; . defeated a Main ai ta army of 18,000 men. 

 Pop. (1872) 84,441 ; (1881) 98,300; (1801) 117,014. 

 The district of Nagpur has an area of 3843 s<[. m. 

 and a pop. of 7.~>7.Mc > : the il.'risimi, 24,127 sq. in. 

 ami a pop. of 2,982,507. Chota Nagpore (q.v. ) U a 

 dh i-ion of Bengal. 



>'aji's Head t'onseoration, a calumnious 

 legend tir.-t circulated by Homan Catholics forty 

 years after the event with respect to Archbishop 

 Parker's consecration (1559), to the effect that 

 he was consecrated in the most casual and ir- 

 regular manner in the Nag's Head Tavern, Cheap- 

 The facts of the case are that the election 

 took place in the chapter -lioii-.e at Canterbury, the 

 confirmation at St Mary-le- Bow's Church in Cheap- 

 side, and the consecration in the chapel of l.ainlict li 

 Palace, the consecrating bishops being Barton, 

 Scory, Coverdale, and Hodgkin. 



V'lliailt. a siiinnier-resort on a small, rocky 

 peninsula of Massachusetts Bay, 12 miles NE. of 

 Boston, i'op. (1900) 1152. 



.\iililllll. The seventh of the twelve minor 

 prophetical l>ooks of the Old Testament is in- 

 scrilied : 'The burden of Nineveh. The book of 

 the vision of Nalium the Elkoshite.' The opening 

 rerses -p.-.ik i i. _' H) in gem-ral tcims of the 

 certainty and awfulness of the divine judgment 

 against the enemies of <;d. and of his unfailing 

 goodness to those who put their trust in him ; these 

 principles are then applied (i. 9-15) on the one 

 liand to some power, not yet named, 'that 

 imagineth evil against the Lord:' and. on the 

 other, to .ludah (L 15), who, though now afflicted, 

 i- to IM> afflicted no more. The second chapter 

 OIH-IIS with n rapid -ketch of a military armament 

 the red shields, scarlet uniform-, Hashing chariots, 

 braiidi-hed spears hurriedly summoned for defen- 

 sive war; then Nineveh, lirst named in ii. s, j- 

 scon as a ruined bite which an inundation has 

 swept bare, and the great s|H>il of the 'dwelling of 

 the lions ' i- indicated rather than described. The 

 subject is continued in the concluding chanter, 

 which predicts for the bloody city, full as it i- of 

 li>'- and rapine, the same fate as lias already o\. -i 

 taken 'populous No' (iii. H) or No ammiin, the 

 ['tian Thebflt, The date of the prophecy must 

 thus be placed somewhere lietwcen the 'fall of 

 Thelies i.e. not earlier than (Mifl B.C., and that of 

 Nineveh i.e. not later than (KNi n.c. The explan- 

 ation of L 11 by former interpreters as alluding to 



Sennacherib is thus excluded ; the reference must 

 lather IK: to some actual or thrcaleiitil invasion of 

 .ludah in the reign of Manassch, and most jirobablv 

 to that of Assmhanipal alxmt i>47 l;.<\, in which 

 Manasseh was himself cairied into captivity. The 

 prophecy is written in classical Hebrew, and ia 

 chaiacterised by a liolil and vivid originality of 

 stxlc, if also by a conciseness soiiietiines Ixmicr 

 ing on obscurity; in more than one cxpie-- inn it 

 has lii-en thiiuglit that the writer U-travs |H-rsonal 

 aci|uaintance with Ninevite all'aiis, and it is con- 

 jectured that he may have been either an Israelite 

 of the northern kingdom \vho in early youth had 

 IM-I-H dejKirtcd after the fall of Samaria, or a 

 Jmhean who had l-cen carried captive along with 

 Manasseh. Of his personal history nothing i- 

 actually known : the name, which is not a veiy 

 common one, reappears in Luke, iii. ai, and in the 

 name of the (ialilean Capernaum ('village of 

 Nahum'). He is descrilied as n native of Elko.-li. 

 by which ]>crliaps is to \>e understood the modern 

 Kl Kaiiseh. near Hamah in I'pper (ialili-e. though 

 otln-is think of Al-Kosh near Mosul, on the It-it 

 bank of the Tigris, where the grave of the prophet 

 lias been shown since the Kith ceniur.v. Sec com- 

 mentaries by O. Strauss (1853), C. A. Blomi|ni-t 

 (Is.'iS), F. Ciilil (1860), M. Breiteneicher (1861), 

 L. Keinkc(187), and E. Mahler (1886), and works 

 mentioned under HOSEA. 



>aials. See NYMPHS. 



\ailiali. a town of Bengal, 23$ miles NW. of 

 Calcutta by rail. Pop. 21,533. 



\ails are flattened, elastic, horny plates, which 

 are placed as protective coverings on the doisal 

 surface of the terminal phalanges of the lingers 

 and toes. Each nail consists of a runt, or part 

 concealed within a fold of the skin ; a luaii/, or 

 exposed part attached to the surface of the skin; 

 and a free anterior extremity called the <</'/< 

 The skin below the root and oody of the nail is 

 termed the matrix, from it being the part from 

 which the nail is produced. This is thick, ami 

 covered with highly vascular papilla-, and its 

 colour is seen through the transparent horny tissue. 

 Near the root the papilla- are smaller and less 

 vascular; hence the jHntion of nail corresponding 

 to this part is of a whiter colour; from its form, 

 this portion is termed the linmla. It is by the 

 successive growth of new cells at the root and 

 nniler the l>ody of the nail that it advances for- 

 wards, and maintains a due thickness, whilst at 

 the same time its growth in a proper direction is 

 ensured. The chemical composition of the nails 

 is given in the article HOKN, to which class of 

 structures they belong. According to the observa- 

 tion of Beau, the linger nails grow at the rate of 

 about two-fifths of a line in a week, while the 

 toe nails only grow with about one fourth of that 

 rapidity. \Vhen a nail has lieen removed by 

 \iolence, or has been thrown oil' in coiisei|iience of 

 the formation of matter (pus) beneath it, a new 

 nail is speedily formed, provided the matrix has 

 not Keen seriously injured. 



There is a very common ami troublesome affec- 

 tion popularly known as in<jr<ni-iii<i unit. Its most 

 usual seat is liy the side of the great toe. It does 

 not in reality arise from any alteration of the nail, 

 but from the adjacent soft pails In-ing constantly 

 messed by the use of tight shoes against it-s edge. 

 1'hese part* Itecome swollen and inflamed ; sup- 

 puration ensues, and an intensely sensitive ulcer 

 is formed, in which the nail is imliedded. Surgical 

 atUice should at once IM- resorted to in these cases, 

 as there is no probability that the ulcer will heal 

 spontaneously, especially if tin- patient continue to 

 move alxmt, ami thus keep up irritation. In 

 obstinate coses it is not uufrequeutly necessary to 



