490 



KEY 



NIAGARA 



the entrenchment* of Elehingen, for \vliieli lie was 

 created Duke <>i Elchingen. He distinguished him 

 elf anew at Jena an<l Kxlan. and hi- conduct at 

 Kiicdland earned him the title from Napoleon of 

 Me brave dea braves,' aiul the grand-eagle of tlie 

 I-egion of Mnii. mi. Me next served in Spain, but 

 i|Uarrelled with his superior Ma-sena alxmt the 

 plan of the campaign ami retunieil to r'rancc, 

 where he remained inactive till in 1812 lie reeeiveil 

 the eiiiiiinanil of the tliinl corps in the Grand Army. 

 II roM-ied himself with glory at Smolensk and 

 lionxlinii (ii.v.), and was rewarded with the title of 

 I'rinre of tin- Mo-kwa. He led the rearguard in 

 the di-asirous retreat, and his sleepless vigilance 

 alone saved the remnant of the Grand Army. In 



1">13 1 pcncd tin- liattle of I,iit/.cn, and snoxved 



his usual eapneily and courage at llant/en, hut was 

 <lei'ealei| hy Itiilow at IH-nnexvitz. He fought hero- 

 ically throughout the fatal struggle at Leipzig, and 

 was also in the last defensive campaign of 1814; 

 l>ut after the capture of Paris he urged the emperor 

 to ahdicate, ami -nlniiitied to I, .mis XVIII., who 

 loailed him with favours. On Napoleon's return 

 from Klha Ney was sent against him at the head 

 of 4000 men ; but the old enthusiasm proved too 

 much for him, and with most of his soldiers he 

 went over to his old master's side. In the final 

 campaign he commanded the first and second corps, 

 anpOMa Brunswick at Quatrebras (June 16), and 

 leu the centre with more than bravery at Waterloo ; 

 twice once at the head of the cavalry, last with 

 the Old Guard he strove to break the English 

 force in vain. During the day he hail five horses 

 shot under him. After the capitulation of Paris 

 lie yielded to the entreaties of his family to set out 

 for Switzerland : but a costly Egyptian sabre, the 

 gift of Napoleon, led to his ix-ing suspected by an 

 official, and arrested near Aurillac. He was con- 

 demned to death for high -treason, and was shot in 

 the garden of the Luxembourg on 7th December 



1815 a cruel act of revenue that might well have 

 l.i-i-ii spared the bravest among the -on- of France. 

 Kven the cost of the ]>!.>-. -rut ion, J.'UKX) francs. 

 a~ e\torti-d from his unhappy widow. He left 

 three tone, who published his .]/< /m//i-.v< ('J \ols. 

 1833). 



NeZ IVrW'S, a tribe of American Indians, 

 settled in Idaho, on the l.apwai Itiver. The N.v 

 Perces 'pro|>er' have always l>een loyal to tlie 

 \\liite-. and are making good progress in civilisa- 

 tion. But in 1877 the treaty reductions <>f their 

 reservation led to a sanguinary outbreak on the 

 part of the 'non-treaty ' MM I'crees, who muidiic.l 

 settlers, fought the soldiers, and then fled across 

 Idaho, Montana, and Dakota. They were over- 

 taken and lieaten, and the survivors (son 

 transferred to Indian Territory : but in 1SS,~> some 

 were restored to Idaho, and the rest joined the 

 Colville Indians, in Washington. There is no 

 evidence that they ever had a custom which would 

 justify their name, 'pierced nose.' 



Nuailli. I..AKK. a South African lake, situated 

 at the northern extremity of the Kalahari lie-, rt. 

 in 20 30' S. lat. and 23 E. long., at an altitude of 

 2810 feet. Its extent and depth vary with the fall 

 of rain in the country to the north of it ; it- a\eia^.- 

 size is 50 miles long and from 10 to 20 broad. 

 The chief tributary, the Okavango or Cubango, 

 called in it lower course the Tiogc, brings down 

 from the north-west vast volumes of witter. At 

 another season of the year the Suga or /ouga 

 brings in a supply from the east. It is not \ >-t 

 decisively settled whether in times of Hood the 

 lake sends off the surplus water to the Zainl-i. 



\iasnra ( ' Thunder of Waters ' ), a river of 



North America, which forms part of the boundary 

 lit'tween New York Mate and the province of On- 

 tario. It flows from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario, 

 a course of .'i(i miles, diniii'' which it makes a total 



Plan of Nugvm Fll. 



of 320 feet aliont 50 feet in the rapids 

 immediately above the great falls, and nearly III) 

 feet in the seven miles ot rapids In-low. It enclose- 

 several islands, the largest Crand Island, which is 

 nearly 10 mih> long. Four miles In-low this island 

 are tfie rnont famou- fall- in the world. The centre 

 ill the river here is occupied by ( ioat Island, divid- 

 ing the cataract into two the Horseshoe (Cana- 

 dian) Fall, with a descent of 158 feet, and the 



American fall, 162 to 169 feet : the outline of the 

 former is almut 2640 feet, of the latter KKKi feet. 

 The \ olunie of water which sweeps over this immense 

 chasm (in-ailv nine- tenths passing over the I 'anadian 

 fall) is almut 15,(HKI.KH> cubic feet a minute. The 

 depth of water on the crest of the falls is less than 

 I feei, e\.-.-|.t in a few places, notably at the ajwx 

 of the Horseshoe Fall, where it is al>out '20 feet. 

 The limestone edge of both falls is rapidly wealing 



