616 



NONCONFORMISTS 



NOIID 



duties in the two last mentioned they must pas 

 examinations and the efficiency of tin- corps will 

 largely depend upon the way in which they <!<> 

 their duty. Besides extra pay, they enjoy si>ecial 

 pmileges, ami many obtain commissions osollio i-. 

 All quartermasters innl r iding-niasters, all officers 

 nf the Coast Brigade Royal Artillery and Coast 

 Battalion Koyal Engineers, and many comliatant 

 officers of cavalrv ami infantry are selected from 

 amongst UHMII. They can only be reduced to the 

 ranks, or to a lower grade, by sentence of a court- 

 martial, and cannot be subjected to any minor 

 punishment except a reprimand. The following 

 are included in the term ' non-commissioned 

 officer:' master gunners, 3d class (who have 

 charge of the armament and magazines in a 

 fort), staff-clerks, all Sergeants (q.v.), Corporals 

 (q.v.), and Itomliardiers (q.v.). Sergeants have 

 a separate Mess (q.v.), and in most barracks there 

 is a corporals' room. The proportion of non- 

 commissioned officers to other soldiers in a l>at- 

 t.iliuM at war strength is 91 to 959; in a regiment 

 of cavalry, 83 to 551 ; and in a battery of artillery, 

 21 to 149. The following arc warrant officers, a 

 class ranking above non-commissioned officers, from 

 whom they are nearly all selected, but below 

 officers : Bandmasters, schoolmasters of more than 

 twelve years' service, conductors of supplies or 

 stores, master-gunners (1st and 2<1 class), super- 

 intending clerks, 1st class stair-sergeants, sergeant- 

 majors, and corporal -majors. For the Navy, see 

 PETTV OFFICERS, WARRANT OFFICERS. 



Nonconformists, a name sometimes given 

 generally to all sectaries who, at any period in 

 Knglish history since the establishment of Protes- 

 tantism, have refused to conform to the doctrine and 

 practices of the Episcopal Church. It is used in a 

 restricted sense to denote the clergy who in 1662 

 two years after the Restoration left the Church 

 of England rather than submit to the conditions 

 of the Act of Uniformity. In 1727 the Presby- 

 terians, Independents, and Baptists received some 

 special legal recognition, and came to )>e known as 

 the Three Denominations. See ENGLAND ( CHURCH 

 OF), PRESHYTERIANS, INDEPENDENTS. \r. 



Non-effective (Fr. non-activiU) is the term 

 used to describe the status of officers of the British 

 army or navy who are on retired or half-pay. Non- 

 commissioned officers and men who arc discharged, 

 die, or desert are also said to become ' non- 

 effective. ' 



Nones. See CALENDS. 



Nonius MarcellllS, a Latin grammarian, of 

 whose life nothing is known. Little can ! made 

 of his surname Tithnrticensis, but at least we may 

 date him later than the middle of the 2d century, 

 as he frequently copies A. < icllius, and earlier than 

 the sixth, as he is frequently quoted by Priscian. 

 His name is attached to a treatise in eighteen 

 chapters, without arrangement or critical sagacity, 

 but precious an preserving nmnv words in forgotten 

 eases, anil passages from books of ancient Latin 

 authors now lost. A good edit ion is that by 

 (ierlach and Roth (1842); see also Proi. 



leship's Kftnys in Latin Literature (1885). 

 A collation of the Harleian MS. of Nonius, by the 

 late J. II. Onions (1852-89), was published in 

 18HS in the Clarendon Press Anrnlnt,,. The last 

 even years of this brilliant young scholar's life 

 were devoted to preparing an edition of the text 

 of Nonius Marcellus for the Clarendon Press. 



XoiljlirorH, the name given to that portion 

 of the clergy in both England and Scotland who, 

 having taken the oath of allegiance to James II., 

 ielii-"-d .-it the Revolution to take it to William 

 and Mary An act of parliament required them 

 all to lute uiis oath by 1st August 1689, six 



months' grace being allowed before deprivation ; 

 but it was refused by Arrhluslmp Sancroft of 

 Canterbury, by Bishops Ken of Itath ami Wells. 

 Turner of Ely, Frnmpton of Gloucester, Lloyd of 

 Norwich, White of Petcrlioroiigli, Thomas of 

 Worcester, Lake of Chiche.ster, and Cartwright of 

 Chester (the three last died during the year), and 

 by about 4IK) of the English rlcrgy. In Scotland, 

 where all the bishops refused the oath, Episcopacy 

 was abolished in 1689, and more than 3(K) clergy 

 men were thrust out; and not till the death i.f 

 Prince Charles Edward in 1788 did the Protestant 

 bishojis in Scotland, 'upon mature delilieraiiim 

 with their clergy, unanimously agree to comply 

 with and submit to the government of King 

 George III.,' nor until four years later did the 

 bill for their relief receive the royal assent. South 

 of the Tweed the schism was peri>etuated bv the 

 consecration in 1694 of Hickes (q.v.) and Wag- 

 si ,-ill'e as suffragan bishops of Thetford and Itiswicu, 

 in 1713 of Jeremy Collier (q.v.) and two others, as 

 also by the introduction in 1718 of the 'usage-.' 

 (a new communion office, pravor for the dead, 

 mixed chalice, &c.). Thereby, liowever, for some 

 thirteen years the Nonjurors themselves were split 

 into two bodies, both ordaining bishops, till the 

 dispute was terminated by the general adoption of 

 the ' usages.' A fresh breach occurred through the 

 consecration in 1733 of Roger Lawrence by a single 

 Scotch bishop ; and this branch supplied some 

 adherents to the rebellion of the '45, in which none 

 of the regular body were involved. For, High 

 Churchmen as were all the Nonjurors, and believers 

 in the doctrine of passive obedience, it is a great 

 mistake to imagine that they were all Jacobites, 

 or, at anyrate, active Jacobites ; while, on the 

 other hand, there were many active Jacobites who 

 were not Nonjurors (for instance, Atterbury). 

 Robert Gordon, the last of the regular Nonjnr- 

 ing bishops, died in ITTil; Booth, the last of the 

 irregular Xonjuring bishops, in 1805; and James 

 Yeowell, probably the very last Nonjiiror, long the 

 sub-editor of Notet and Queries, in 1875. Non- 

 jurors, not mentioned already, were Thomas Baker, 

 Carte, Hearne, William Law, Charles Leslie, and 

 Robert Nelson (q.v.). 



See JACOBITES, and works there cited ; Lathbnry's Hit- 

 tory of tke Honjurori ( 1845 ) ; and Abbey and Overton's 

 Englitk Churcli in the Eiijhttenth Century (2d ed. 1887). 



Non \obis Doniine. See GRACE AT MKAI.S. 



Ron PossnmtlS (Lat,, 'we cannot'), a papal 

 formula taken from Acts, iv. 20 (Vulgate), and 

 said to have been used by Pope Clement VII. in 

 reply to Henry VIII. 's demand for the dissolution 

 of his marriage with Catharine of Aragon ; used in 

 general expression for the refusal of the Roman 

 curia bo yield to the demands of the temporal power. 



Non-residence. See PI.I-RAI.ISM. 



Non-suit is a legal term in England, which 

 means that, where a plaintiff in a jury trial iinds 

 he will lo-e his case owing to some defect or acci- 

 dent, he is allowed to lie non-suited, instead of 

 allowing a verdict and judgment to go for the 

 defendant. But there is now, in general, nodillei 

 ence between the effect of a non-suit and that of 

 a verdict for the defendant, 



Non-user. Sec IM:M I.TPDK. 



\OOtka Sound, a harbour on the west coast 

 of Vancouver l-hii.l. British Columbia, its entrance 

 piotccted by an island of the same name. 



Norbcrtlnes. Sec PREMONSTRATENSIANS. 



Nord, the most northerly department in France 

 (whence its name), corresponding with the former 

 province of French Flandos, and liordering on 

 liclgimn and the Strait of Dover. Area, 2193 sq. 

 m. ; pop. ( 1K81 ) 1,603,259 ; ( 1891 ) 1,736,341. It u 



