no 



OEDENBURG 



CENOTHERA 



si-Hi or inflltration of serum into cellular or areolar 

 structures. The sul>cutaneous cellular tiwue in 

 the most roniimm seat of this allcction. (Edema 

 U not a disease, hut a symptom, and often a 

 symptom indicating great danger to life. The 

 means of removing it must IM- directed to the 

 morliiil coiuliiion or cause of which it is the 

 symptom. 



OcdenblirK ( Hung. Soprony). a town of Hun- 

 ffary, situated in an extensive plain, 3 miles W. 

 <>l the Neusiedler See and 48 S. by E. of Vienna. 

 It is one of the most beautiful towns in Hungary, 

 and has manufactures of candied fruits, sugar, 

 soap, iVc., with a large trade in wine, corn, and 

 cattle, the MfgUonfcood lieing rich and well cul- 

 tivated. The Roman town of ScanilxiHtitt here 

 wag one of considerable importance ; and numerous 

 Roman remains have been found. Pop. 22,322. 



(Kilipiis (Or. Otdipoui), the hero of a legend 

 which supplied subjects for some of the noblest 

 tragedies of Sophocles and Euripides. (Kdipus was 

 the son of Laius, king of Thebes, by Jocasta, the 

 sister of C'reon, and wan exposed after his birth, 

 with his feet pierced through, on Mount Citha-ron, 

 because his father had learned from an oracle that 

 be was doomed to perish by the hands of his own 

 son. The child was discovered by a herdsman of 

 Polybns, king of Corinth, and was named CEdipus 

 from his swollen feet. Polvbus brought him up as 

 his own son. Being told bv the oracle at Delphi 

 that he was destined to slay his father and commit 

 incest with his mother, he would not return to 

 Corinth, but proceeded to Thebes to escape his 

 fate. As he drew near he met the chariot of the 

 king, and the charioteer ordering him out of the 

 way, a quarrel ensued, in which (Kdipus unwit- 

 tingly slew Laius. In the meantime the famous 

 Sphinx had appeared near Thebes, and propounded 

 a riddle to every one who passed by, putting to 

 death all who failed to solve it. In the terror of 

 despair the Thebans offered the kingdom, together 

 with the hand of the queen, to whoever should 

 deliver them from the monster. (Kdipus oil'ered 

 himself, whereupon the Siihinx asked him, ' What 

 being has four feet, two feet, and three feet ; only 

 one voice; but whose feet vary, and when it has 

 most, is weakest?' (Kdipiis replied that it was 

 man, whereat the Sphinx threw herself headlong 

 from the rock on which she sat. (Kdipns became 

 king, ami husband of his mother, Jocasta. From 

 their incestuous union sprung Eteocles, Polyuices, 

 Antigone, ami Isrnene. A mysterious plague now 

 devastated the country, nnil, when the oracle 

 declared that before it could be stayed the mur- 

 derer of Laius should lie banished from the 

 country, (Kdipus was told by the seer Tiresias 

 that he himself had both murdered his father and 

 committed incest \\itli his mother. In his horror he 

 put out his own eyes, that he might no more look 

 upon his fellow creatures, while Jocasta hanged 

 herself. Ho wandered towards Attica, accom- 

 panied by his daughter Antigone, and at folonus 

 near Athens the Eumenides charitably removed 

 him from earth. 



<l.lil< MM li|;ii;rr. ADAM GoTTLOB, Danish 

 poet, was Ixirn 14th (formtwr 1779 in a suburb 

 of Copenhagen, where bis father, a Sleswicker, 

 waan organist. After an irregular ami desultory 

 COtine of education, he tried unsuccessfully the 

 career of an actor, ami then took to law Ktinlies, 

 bat Mnn devoted all his energies to the cultivation 

 of UM- history and poetry of hi- own country. In 

 19M appeared his first collection of ppMBSl ami 

 the Vaultindrrt Saga (1805) and Ahiiltlin* fnrnn- 

 iterlige lAtm/x raised him to the rank of tlie first 

 of living Dmii-li poets. These early efforts were 

 rewarded by a .travelling pension, which enabled 



him to spend some years in travelling the Con- 

 tinent, and liecoming acquainted with <;,., tl,,' and 

 other literary celebrities. During this jwriod 

 (Khlenscliliiger wrote his Hukvn Jarl, the first of 

 his long series of northern tragedies (1807; Kng. 

 trans, by F. C. Lascelles, 1875), ami at Home his 

 Corrtggio (1809; Kng. trans, by Theodore Martin, 

 1854). In 1810 (Ehtenschlttger returned to 1 

 mark, where he was hailed with acclamation, and 

 made professor of /Esthetics in the university. In 

 1S14 took place his literary fend with Baggesen 

 (q.v.). In 1819 appeared one of his most mas- 

 terly productions, fiordent (,'tn/rr, \\ hich showed 

 that the severe criticism to which his writings 

 had been exposed during the celebrated Baggei-en 

 quarrel had corrected some of the faults, and 

 lessened the self-conceit which had characterised 

 his earlier works. His reputation spread with his 

 increasing years both abroad and at home. In 

 1H29 he went to Sweden, where he was welcomed 

 by a public ovation ; and he was honoured in his 

 own country in 1849 by a grand public festival in 

 the palace at Copenhagen. He died 'Joth January 

 1850. His fame rests principally on his twenty- 

 four tragedies, most of them on northern subjects. 

 Besides those already referred to, the best are 

 Kntid den Store, Palnatokt, Axel og Walborq, 

 Vaeringerne i Miklagtirtl. His lyrical and epic 

 poems are of less value. His PoetMe Skrifter 

 were edited in 1857-62 in 32 vols. ; the German 

 translations were done by himself. An Autobio- 

 graphy appeared in 1830-31, his Reminiscences in 

 1850 ; and there are Lives by Arentxen ( 1879) and 

 Nielsen (1879). His Danish and German works 

 amount in all to 62 volumes. 



Oclller, GUSTAV FI<IKI>I:I<-H. one of the greatest 

 Old Testament scholars of the 19th century, was 

 bom at Ebingen, 10th June 1812, studied at 

 Tubingen, laboured as a teacher at Basel and 

 Tubingen, In-cnine in 1840 professor in the theolo- 

 gical seminary in Schdnthal, and in 1845 ordinary 

 professor of Theology at Breshiu. In 1852 he was 

 called to Tubingen to be head of the theological 

 seminary, and here he died, 19th February 1ST'-'. 

 The chief books of this learned and reverent scholar 

 were Prolegomena car Theologie des Allen Testa- 

 ments (1845), Die Grundziige der Alt-testament- 

 lichen Weisheit (1854), Ueber dot Vrrhiiltnit* der 

 A. T. Prophetic n/r lieidnischru Mmttik (1861), 

 Thriilogie des A /ten Trxtiiincntu (1873-74; Eng. 

 trans. '1874-75), and Lehrlmrh der Symbolik ( 1870). 

 See the study by Knapp (Tiib. 1876). 



(Eland, a long and narrow island in the Baltic, 

 4 to 17 miles from the east coast of Swollen. 

 It is 55 miles long and 5 to 12 broad : pop. 37, 513. 

 Scarcely more than a limestone cliff, it is scantily 

 covered with soil, but in some parts it is well 

 wooded, and has good pasture ground ; there are 

 large alum-works ; and the fishing is excellent all 

 round the coasts. 



Oels, a manufacturing town of Prussian Silesia, 

 16 miles KNK. of Breslan by rail. Pop. 10,276. 



CKnnntliic Ether. See KTHKK. 



(Enotll era. a genus of ornamental plants of the 

 natural order Onagrnccir, related to the Fuchsia 

 (q.v.), though strikingly dissimilar in general 

 apjiearance. The Bvmuig I'rimnipe (IK. lu'ennit), 

 a native of Virginia, has been known in Kurope 

 since 1(114, and is now naturalised in many parts of 

 Europe and in some [.arts of Britain, on the lianks 

 of rivers, in thickets, on sandy grounds, iSrc. The 

 (lowers are fragrant in I be evening. The root 

 somewhat resembles a carrot in shape, but is short; 

 it is usually red, fleshy, and tender, and is eaten in 

 sn.lads, or in soups, and as a Imiled veritable. 

 Eaten after dinner it incites to wine di inking, as 

 olives do. This and numerous other species of 



