6GO 



OTTAVA RIM A 



OTTAWA 



14.HO it wan taken l>y tin- Turks At the present 

 iU castle, which gives tin- title of Horace Wai- 

 |M>le's well km> n story, is in tlie same riiiiiliiimi a- 

 HK port. Tin- town is tin 1 scat of an arcbbisliop, 

 and has a cathedral, rnttored after tlir siege by 

 the Turks, with line mosaics and JIM :iiii-ii>n: crypt. 

 Pop. 1893. For the I Mike of Otrnnto. sec l-'urcllU. 



Otta'va Killia [It Ochiplt Kimr\ A stan/a 

 form, consisting of eight lines of eleven reliable* 

 in Italian, ami usually of ten syllal.les in hnglish, 

 with the rime order nbababcc. See METRE. 



Ott'awa. one of the largest rivers of Ibitish 

 \ 'li America, rises nearly 3(1(1 miles ilue north of 

 Ottawa eity. Hows west to Lake TemuoMningOA, 

 some SOU miles, ami thence 4OO miles south ci-t, 

 ami falls into the St Lawrence hy two mouths, 

 which form the islaml of Montreal. Its drainage 

 basin has an area variously estimated at from 00,000 

 to sii.nmi -,|. in. During its course it sometimes 

 eontraets to 4< or .V) yanls ; elsewhere it idens 

 into numerous lakes of considerable si/e. It is feil 

 hy many important tributaries, the chief of which 

 are the Petewawa, Honne. here. Madawaska, ami 

 Kiileiiu on the right, ami the Coiilonge, Catineau, 

 and Kivieres <lu I.ievre ami <lu Nor<l on the left 

 Mi'. These, with the Ottawa itself, form the 

 means of transit for perhaps the largest liimlter 

 trade in the world. The passage of timlier over 

 falls and rapids has Iwen greatly facilitated by 

 the eoiistruetion of dams and slides. See next 

 article. 



Ottawa, the capital of the Dominion of Canada, 

 is situated upon the south hank of the Ottawa 



Canadian Parliament liuildingt, Ottawa The Main Building. 



River, 120 miles from its influx into the St T,n\v. 

 lem-r lit Montreal. Tin' i i\ IT < Ittawa, drains a va~t 

 stretch of eonnlry as far norih-wc>st as f,ake Nipis- 

 sin^' and In'Mind ; all the I nm I et products of this 

 ditriel, as well as all the IIMM] trade, are carried 



down to Ottawa, to the point at which the river 

 form" the splendid Cliaiidieri' Falls ( 2OO vards wide 

 and 40 feet high). These fulls iilmve which a sns 

 |M'iision hridge spans the river, siipjilv the motive, 

 power for tin- niinierons lumher-tiiilN. Hour millc, 

 taetoria*, \'e. To the cast of tli" eity the liver 

 Hideail forms a -eeond fall, which, ajthongh in- 

 ferior to the Chaudicre, supplies further motive- 



The Rideaii Canal, which was made in 

 .. thiougli the i-entte of the city, and 



affords i-oiinection with the Hideail Lakes, and so 

 with the great lakes licyoiid. (l]ipnsite the city, to 

 the north-cast, the (iatineaii Kiver joins the Ottawa 

 and affords further Inniheriiig facilities. A lew 

 miles to the ea-t, the Ihi l.ie\re IJiver opens mi 

 a rich phonphate country, which is lieing much 

 worked. The imlnstries of Ottawa are mosth c<m- 

 necU'd with lumlK-r. In the winter thousands of 

 men are engaged in cutting timber and drawing it 

 to the streams, and ill the spring the' fieshcts carry 

 down to the mills the rafts, on which the men who 

 cut it live and laliour during the passage. The 

 cut of timl>er in the. Ottawa Valley amounts in 

 some years to over 700,000,000 cnhic feet. Flour, 

 iron wares, bricks, leather, and matches are manu- 

 factured. The exports of the city amount annually 

 to over $3,000,000, the imports to :d>out |2,000,00ft 

 The parliamentary buildings, const nicicil in the 

 Italian Gothic style after IStiO. when the Prince of 

 Vales laid the foundation stone, are jilaced on a 

 noble hi nit' on the bank of the (It taw a. These struc- 

 tures, including the handsome library building and 

 the Victoria Tower (180 feet high), cost altogether 

 alxmt S8,000,0(K). The residence of the governor- 

 general an old-fashioned, ugly building, called 

 Kide.-ui Hall is situated about a mile from the 

 city. The post-office, city hall, banks, and tele- 

 graph-olliees are nil of stone and handsomely built. 

 The churches are numerous, but not splendid in 

 architecture. Ottawa is the place of residence of 

 the bishop of Ontario (Church of Knghind >, and of 

 the Roman Catholic bishop of Ottawa, who has a 

 cathedral here. The lioman 

 Catholics have separate 

 schools; the Protestants 

 attend almost universally the 

 public schools. There are a 

 normal school and a collegiate 

 institute, both public, ami a 

 very large college conducted 

 by the Oblate Katheis : be- 

 side-- a ladies' college, a musi- 

 cal academy', and an art 

 school. A well equipped 

 geological museum and the 

 parliamentary library, vith 



140,000 volume*, add' to the 



educational advantages of 

 the city. There aie several 

 hospitals ami a \arieiy of 

 home- for the poor, liesides 

 the rivers and canals already 

 mentioned, Ottawa stands 

 on the Canada 1'acilic linil- 

 way, which runs along the 

 mirth bank of the Ottawa 

 from Montreal and crosses by 

 a bridge into Ottawa; whilst 

 nid Trunk liaihvay 

 and the Canada, Atlantic. 

 Railway connect the city 

 with the Inteicoloiiial Hail- 

 way on the east, and with the 



Canada Pacific Transcontinental line. Ottawa is 

 governed b\ a mavor and corporation. The taxes 

 arc high, and the streets, partly owing to the 

 climate, are bad ; but the city i- geneially healthy. 



The city was begun in the last years of tb. ISth 

 century by a settler named Wright, of I'.o-ton, 

 Maaclm-eMs. who built himself a residence 

 near the Chamliere, and called the village which 

 he founded Hull. Hull now contains 12,000 in- 

 habitants, mainly French Canadians, engaged in 

 the lumber trade. The southern bank lots, on 

 which Ottawa now stands, weie -old by Wright to 

 one Sparks, who took them reluctantly in payment 



