718 



PALGHAT 



PALINDItO.Mi: 



Sir Cbarlw Bell (1890-38). Paley died May 25, 

 MM 



A complete edition at his works WM pablinhed by one 

 of hi. PUOI, the HOT. K.lmund I'.lcy (7 Tola. 1825); later 

 million. ant thiMe by Wayland (8 ols. 1KI7 1 ami l'a\i..n 

 (5 ruU. 1S3K). Tli beat luugraphy u that by t: W. 

 Meallry ( Miii.l.-rUn<l. 1KKM: and an Ix-.li.- .-Uphcn. 

 AW"* Tkoii'itit in Ike Eiyhtrrntk Century (1876). 



Pnltflint, a town of MalaW district, 68 miles 



I Calient by rail, It* old furt was of gn-at 

 strategic importance dining tin- \vars -vitli Hyder 

 AH and Tippoo Sail., i'op. ( 1891) 3U.4M. 



Pnlirrnre. SIR FRANCIS, historian, wan bom 



in London iii .Inly 17*8, tin- .H<HI of Meyer Cohen, 

 a Jewish stockbroker. Me was privately nlncnted, 

 and showed a quite remarkable precocity, having 

 at eight translated into l-'iei.ch n I-iitin version of 

 the litittle of thf Friiif* iiml Alice, which his father 

 printed in 17!I7. His father's fortunes failing in 

 18<*3, he was articled it-* a solicitor's clerk, and here 

 lie remained until IvJ-J. \\ln-n he took chamliers in 

 tin- Temple and was employed under the Record 

 Commission. On his marriage (1823) he assumed 

 liis mother-in-law's maiden name of 1'algrave. He 

 wan called to the Imr in Is-JT, and noon acquired 

 consideralile practiee in iM-digree case* before the 

 House of Lords. As early as 1818 he liad edited 

 a collis-lion of Anglo-Norman cliiuimn*; in 1831 he 

 contributed a Hi*lnr>i / Emjland to the 'Family 

 l.iluan ;' and in Is:f2 lie published his Rite, tnni 

 Proffrett of the Eiii/IM Cummmnrralth, also Obser- 

 ntliiiiu OH the 1'rineiplc* of Xcir Mmiiri/xil Cin-iinr- 

 at n,ii*. The Name year lie was knighted. riom 

 IS-'tt to 1835 he served on the Municipal Corjiora- 

 lion Commission, and in 1838, on the reconstruction 

 of the Record Service, lie was appointed deputy- 

 keepcr of Her Majestv's Itecoids, an ollice lie held 

 till his ileath at llani|iste>id, U'.h July isiil. 



I!eaidc the works already mentioned, Palgrave edited 

 for tho government the following: dalcmlart of the 

 Tmnirn of Uie Kfchr-fwr (H vnU. 1S3G), I'lirliamrnlnrii 

 Wr,t4 (UV-ML Rotuli Ciiriir Ik-fiit ( 15), Ancient 

 Kulrniliirt and Jnrrntoria of the Trtatary of Jfrr 

 JMnjtiiii'i ExtJitquer ( 183U), and Ilorumrntt and Record* 

 illtulniting the History of .V.i/>m</ (1837). In hix 

 private cm|*city he prmlnocd the Aterthant and the 

 Prinr [ Miroo I'olo and Friar liaoon]. and a learned and 

 at 11 valuable Hutory of Normandy and of England (4 

 ToU. 1H.M lit ). 



PnlKravo, FIIANCIS TI-RXER, a nift<-<l )K>et and 

 critic, elilei-t sou of the precedin;;, Umi in London, 

 September 28, 1824. He wan educated at Charter. 

 hoiiHe School, became scholar of Italliol College, 

 Oxfonl, and Fellow of ICxeter, lilliil for live years 



tl Hi f vice principal of the Training College 



for Schoolmasters at hiicller Hall, wa-s private 

 ecreUry to Earl (iraiiville, unollicial ..I the I'rivy- 

 fiuiiieil, professor ; f I'oelry at ( Kford in 1880-95, 

 ainl .liilnit'ir to 'the present work. He 



.lied 'J-'ilh ( ictolnT IS'.lT. His works are hlyllt and 

 *>.!/, i Is , un Art(\SOO), Hymnx(\W,-.), 



/'<!/.<' Entirtnini,.cnts nt ' 



I8IW), I.yri'-nl /'.,., (1871), and the 

 "* of Kmjland ( 1881 ). He is best known, 

 however, as the editor of the admirably selected 

 H'Jdcn TrtamryofEnglith, Lyric* ( 1801 ; 2d scries, 

 IH97); Thr t'hilili-fn't Trecuvry of Lyrical Poetry 

 C2 v,,l~. |s7.-,, : //,.- S,,,,,,,!* ,',nd Song* of Shake- 

 tfifnrr {]*' ,,/ Poem* of Herrick 



' IST: . ,,f Kcatt (1885); and Treasury of Sacred 

 WNfllW). 



WILLIAM OIFFORD PAIXIRAVE, another son of 

 Sir Francis, bom in Westminster, Januaiy _'! 

 Is.'li. was educated at the Charterhouse School 

 and Trinity College, Oxford, graduating with gn-at 

 distinction in 1840. Next year lie obtained a 

 commission in the liomhay Native Infantry, 

 which, however, be soon resigned to become 'a 



priest in the Society of Jesus. After a course 

 of study at Laval in France and at Home he 

 was sent at his own request as a missionary to 



. where he acquired a wonderfully intimate 

 knowledge <if Aniliic. Summoned to 1'iaiiccin Isiit) 

 b\ Nft|Kileon III. to jnvcan areoiint of the Syrian 



.u-u-s, he went disguised as a physician on a 

 daring exiK-dition at the emperor's expense through 

 central Arabia, traversing the entire \\ah.-il.i 

 kingdom, and returning to I'jirope through llaplad 

 and Alepixi ( 18K2-U3). \\iih the consent of the 

 em]'ior, he published his .\nrrnlirr >,f a } 

 ,/iinrnfi/ t/irniiiffi ( 'fill nil anil Eastern Arabia ('2 

 vols. ls(>."ii, one of the Ix'st Imoks of travel in the 

 Palgrave ipiitted the Socii-ty 



. 



of Jesus in 1SG4, and was sent by the llnli-ii 

 government in 1805 to treat for the release of 

 Consul Cameron and the other captives in Abys- 

 sinia. He was nominated consul at Siikhum- 

 Kale in 1806, at Trebi/ond in 18t>7, at the island 

 of St Thomas in 1K73, at Manila in 1876, and 

 consul-general in the principality of liiilxaria in 

 1878, and in Siam in 1880. He was appointed 

 llritish minister to I rux'iay in 1884, and died at 

 Monte Video, SejitcmlierSO, 1888. Y\\- other works 

 are Essays on J-.at.tcrn Question* ( 187'2) ; Jlrniiinin 

 Ayfia: an Eastern Narrative (2 vols. 1872) ; Dutch. 

 na (1876); Ulysses: Studio* in Many Land* 

 (1887) ; A Vition of Life (1891, unfinUhed '). 



I'.'ili. the sacred Innpuagc of the ItuddhisU 

 (see INDIA, Vol. VI. ]>. 102)." I'.ili ceased to I* a 

 living lanxua^e of India when liiiddliism was 



rooted out ot it; it was carried by the fugitive 

 r.udilhists to other countries, especially Ceylon, 

 Durnia, and Siam ; but in these countries, too, 

 it had to c' vc >V!l \ be To re the native tongues, in 

 which the later liuddhist literature was coiupnsed. 

 Sec the IVili ({rniiiiiiars of MinayeH(St Petenborff, 

 1872; Enj;. trans. Maiilmain, 1882), Kulin ( ]87.">), 

 and Mii Her (1885); Childers's J'ti/i hictinnary 

 ( 1875), and Frankfurter's Pali Handbook ( 1882). 



i'.ili, the commercial capital of Jodhpur (q.v.), 

 4."i miles by lail SIC. of Jodhpur city. 



I'silikno, a place on the canal l>etwecn Pekin 

 and it* port on the 1'eiho. Here in I860 was 

 fought an engagement between the A nglo French 

 tump- and the Chinese, and hence the French 

 general, Cousin-Montauban (1796-1878), who was 

 minister of \Var in August and September 1870, 

 leccived his title of Count Palikao. 



I'.'i'ikars. a name for the Armatoles (q.v.). 

 Pnlimpscst. See 1'AL^ooRArnv. 



Palindrome (Or. palin, 'backwards,' and 

 ilrniiios, 'a running'), the name given to a kind 

 of verse very common in Latin, the jteculiarity 

 of which is that it may lie read the same back- 

 wards as forwards. A few examples will sutlice. 



81 brae !< tna latin taxat nu laute tmebla. 

 Et iii-cat egrr amor linn Roma rt'ge tAcente, 

 R'inia n't,- mm non anus cpT ainnr. 



A Greek |>alindrome, sometimes inscribed on 

 Knglish fonts (e.g. Hiullcigh and \Vorlingwortli, in 

 Siillolk), runs: Xif o dj-iMl#" n*l fiawa fyiv ('Wa-h 

 my sin. and not my face only '). A Roman lawyer 

 gets the credit of .SV mimmi immunis, which Cam- 

 den translates '<;he me my fee, and I warrant you 

 free.' It is said that in the reign of Queen Kli/a- 

 beth a certain laily of rank, having l>een eompelletl 

 to ic tire from the court on account of some /mini, 

 the truth of which she denied, look for her motto : 

 Alilntn nl nllxi, 'Retired but pure.' The F.nglish 

 UuigtUM lias few palindiomes, but one at least is 

 inimitable. |t represent* our first parent politely 

 introducing himself to Eve in these words : ' Madam, 

 I 'm Adam.' Compare Henry B. 'SVheatley's book 



