7-J 



PA HOLE 



PARIIAKEET 



ore the K/n'ttola Obteiirorum Virorum, but of 

 time either tin- humour liu lonj; since e\a|>or- 

 atcd, or modern men cannot now feel the mciii 

 mi-lit <>f what drew team of laughter from the 



>t EraslllU. Of modem r.M^'li-h examples 



may ! mentioned Thackeray's ' < 'odlintrshy on 

 1'i-rai-li, ami MleurjM' de Itaiuwcll' on I.ytton; 

 Bret Harto's ' \m-fft : and K. ('. Bur- 



nand's 'New Sand ford and Merlon,' iiml 'Strap 

 more ' on a too popular not .-I by t iiiida. 



See th* article BORLBM)UR; IVlrpk-rre. La Panxlie 

 cJutlet Ureet, la Homaim, ei Itt Mnl.rna < Ixmd. 1S7I ) ; 

 ad for a Tut c..|l. .t n ,.f Kn^li.li example* of all 

 de(re of Talur. Walt r Hamilton 1 ! too vuluininou 

 Pnrmlia of tke Work* o/ Kn-jli.lt a<ul America* Autlwrt 

 (0 voU. 1884-89). 



Parole (!>., 'word') U the declaration made 

 on lionoiir Ipy an olli.-er. in a case in which there is 

 no more tlutn \\\- en-c of honour In lestiain Inn 

 from hrcakin;; hi- word. Tim-, n prisoner of war 

 may IK* released from actual pii-ou mi his paroh 

 Iwyund certain deM^nat.-, 



that he will not JH 



limits; or lie may even IK- allowed to return to his 

 own country on his parole not t<i light again 

 i! 11 1 in- the existing war. against his cantors. Tc 

 break /mriilr i- IK ..... iintisl infamous in all civilisei 

 nation*, and an olliocr who has no far forgotten \n- 

 poMtion an a gentleman ceases to have any claim 

 to the treatment of an honourable man, nor can he 

 expect quarter should he again fall into the hands 

 of the enemy he lion deceived. For parole evidence, 

 see EVIDKXCK. 



I'.iropamisns, an ancient name st ill used for 

 a ridge, h-vs than HHH) fwt alK>ve the adjacent 

 country, which form* part of the northern cil^i 

 of the ^re.-it plutenii of Persia and Afghanistan, 

 almost connecting the llin.lu Knh (q.v. ) on thi- 

 eat with the Ellnirz Mountains to the west (see 

 AMI, Vol. I. p. 487). 



I'nros. one of the larger inlands in the Cyclodes 

 divi>ion i>f the Crcfk Arehipela^o ; a low fynaM 

 in chape, it li:us an area of 64 sii. m. and a'|mp. of 

 neai Iv 7iKN, of whom wmie 2200 live in the capital, 

 Panekio, Wine, li^-s, ami wool ate exported. The 

 quart ic* of the lantnus white Parian marhle 

 are near the xiiminit of Mount St Klias (ancient 

 ./.c/-si ), an-1 are not yet exIiauMed. Archilochus 

 and I'olyynotus, the painter, were liorn on I'nros. 



Parotid Cilnild. See DIGESTION and (under 



Sain .1 1 SAI.IV M:V (Ji v 



Parquetry, a kind of wood mraaic used only 

 for Boorblg. I'mcjuetry floors are UKiially of oak, 



Init othi-r ami more ornamental woods fmve nl>o 

 been much u*e,| f.,r Ki>i^' varic-ty and lioaiity to 

 the pattern. In the more elaUirate kinds of par- 

 qiietty veneers are IIM><|, hut it i* much more 

 Henetally romp ...... 1 of l.locks of wood M|iiared at 



the widen, and lai.l down no as to combine and form 

 RfWBMtriC pattern. 



l';irr. < s M.M.)\ ( Vol. IX. p. 115). 

 I'.-irr, I'MIIMUNK. the vi\t|, , v if ( . ,,f Henn- 

 \ III., was the daughter of Sir Tlioimut 1'arr anil 

 wan l>.,rn in l.-i|-.. Maitied lir-t to one Kdwni.l 

 BotDOgh, iMdwildy b.td Itoiouyh. and afterwards t <( 

 I.oi.l I.atimer. she on .July PJ. I.VI.'t. Wmnc queen 

 of Bajdwid hy marriage will, Henry VIII. She 

 wa distinguished for her Uwatng and for her 

 KMWMdfll of ieli K ioiis Mihj.ft.. her discumion of 

 which with the kin- had well ni-h brought h.-i t,, 

 the hliK'k, like HO many of her prcdeceiwor*. Her 

 Uct, howevi-r. :>..! lic-r ; for she made it npiiear to 

 the kinK' vanity that she hod onlv HOUVd him in 

 dincoume alxnit the Reformation in order to dcri\c 

 profit from hi- majesty's eon vernation. She per- 

 Miaded Henry to restore the rich! of SUCCI-M,,,, tl , 

 Inn dMgbtan, and interested liemclf on U-half of 

 Ue aoiveniUM. After Henry* death she married 



(1547) Sir Thomas Seymour, and died from the 

 elfi-cts of child-birth in the following \, ai. 



Parr. SAMI-KI,, a once notable scholar, was 

 liorn the son of a surgeon at Harrow on the Hill, 

 January l.">, 1747. He attended Harrow School, 

 ami. after l>ciiig found unlit for apprenticeship to 

 his father's profession, was sent to Emmanuel Col- 

 lege, Cambridge, in Kti."). Two yearn later his 

 father's death obliged him to leave Cambridge and 

 accept an assistant mastership at Harrow. II, t,- 

 he remained nearly li\e years, but. disap]>ointcd of 

 the head -mastership on l>r Summer's death ( 1771 ), 



' started an Independent school at Stanmore, ami 

 kept it going live years. He was head-masiei ,,f 

 Colchester grammar school (1776-78) and of Nor- 

 wich (1778 Mil. His clerical preferments were tho 

 rectory of Asterby in Lincolnshire, the vicar.-ige of 

 Ilatton near Warwick, and a prebemlal stall Tn St 

 Paul's Cathedral. He s(M'nt almost the half of his 

 life at Hat ton, and here he died, March 6, I- 



ThedegT I LL. I. was given him by Cambridge 



in 17M. In 1787 he published an editum of Hellen- 

 dcn, to which he prefixed his celebrated preface, 

 which is as remarkable for its uncompromi-ing 

 advocacy of Whig principles as for the scrupulous 

 Ciceronianism of iis Latinity. 

 _ It is almost impossible to understand the reputa- 

 tion which Mr Parr once had. None of his volum- 

 inous writings justify it. That he was in some- 

 respects an accomplished scholar is undoubted, for 

 he could write Latin of Ciceronian purity anil 

 finish ; but it is equally undoubted that he never 

 did anything with his boMted scholarship, and has 

 left the world absolutely nothing to keep him in 

 remembrance. Yet his complete works (edited by 

 Dr J. Johnstonc in 1828) form eight enormous 

 tomes, and contain 5734 octavo pages, many of 

 them printed in small type. They relate to matters 

 historical, critical, and metaphysical, but in all ' the 

 thread of Parr's verlMisity is liner than the staple 

 of his argument.' To his conversational powers 

 alone he owed the fame that he enjoyed during his 

 life. He was an amazing, an overwhelming talker. 

 Bold, dogmatic, arrogant, with a memory pro- 

 foundly and minutely retentive, and with a 



genuine gift of ephemeral epigram, he seemed, at 



the tables of statesmen, and wits, and divines, to 



be a man of tremen- 

 dous talent, capable 



of any literary feat ; 



hut the learning and 



the repartee have 



left little trace of 



their existence, and 



|K)sterity declines to 



admire the wonders 



that it has neither 



seen nor heard. 

 Sec E. H. IJaikcr'B 



ill-arranged Pnrrinna 



(2 volt 182H-2U), l)o 



Uuincry'g essay, and 



the Lives liy Field 

 1H2S ) and Johnstons 



(1828). 



Parr, THOMAS 

 MHd 1'arr'), was 

 >orn, according to 

 -he tradition, in 

 148.3 and died in 

 1635. See LON- 



1KVITV. 



Parrakeet, or 



'AHKoyfKT, a name very commonly given to many 

 of the smaller species of thu parrot family. The 



