PATHOS 



PATIUAi;< II 



(1834). The Etpomalt (1856), Faithful for Ever 

 (1800), HIM) Thr Victoria of Love ( Iw'i3). A care- 

 fully revised edition of tliis poem was issued in 

 bin collected poenw (1878 and 1888). with nn enar 

 mi Knyluth Mtlriral Late, anil including lie 

 I'tikniiirn Kna, a mystical poem first MBiMMd in 

 1>7T l'>>. AW. Ihf Root, and Ihf r'lmnr (1806) 

 contains religion- IMWIIIS. I'ntnion* edited the 

 anthology entitled Thr rhililrrnt Cnrlond (1862), 

 the Autobiography of Barry Cornwall (1877), and 

 the IHHMIIS of his xiii Henry (1884). noritifium 

 * 



For the next twenty yearn his work was on the 

 neighlioiirinK island of Aniwa, the whole popula- 

 tion of which liccame Christian. Itoth liy voice 

 and pen he afterwards attracted pnlilic attention 

 and sympathy tow arils this lield of mission lain. in ; 

 and his mother pnlilished and edited his graphic 

 and thrilling missionary narratives, lt and 'Jd 

 s (1890). In 1891 he was made a D.D. ol 



Amiinlu wan a eleotion *fii>ni hi- |KMIIIS (ed. 

 Carnett, 1888); another wan Poem* of Patko* 

 tmd Migkt (ed. M.-yiu-ll. IV.tti. He died -26th 

 No\ ember 1896. 



I'allUOK (<>r I'.vTIMi). a rocky island in the 

 jEgean Sea, one of the >-|~.rades, ilex to tin 1 south 

 of Samoa ; area, 16 s<|. in. In a rave here, it in 

 said. I ! exiled aiHistlc .liihn Haw the visions of 

 the Ibiok of Revelation. The famous monastery 

 of 'John the Divine' was hnilt in I"HS. The 

 island i-> under Turkish rule, hut in inhabited 

 liv alMiiit 4<XX> Creeks, niootly qMBgft-JUMn. See 

 i, Itlnndt of the .-Ey'tan (181HI); anil the 

 Manilla of Hilte in the .SVuMifA liemrtr. v. 103. 



I'll Ilin. called al-i AZIMAHAI), a city of Hengal, 

 I In miles K. nt llcnare* liy rail, extends '.> miles 

 alon^' the Canges and 2 miles liack from the river ; 

 lint the street- are narrow and crooked, and the 

 house- mostly mean ill ap|>earance. Apart from the 

 Cola or government gran.uv ( 1786), the government 

 opium-factories. I'alna College, the shrine of Shall 

 Ar/jini. the mosoue of Slier Sliiih. a Konnui ( 'atholic 

 elnireh, and a Mohammedan college, there are no 

 building* of inoinent. Its milway coniiiiiinication, 

 and itH central position at the junction of three 

 great rivers, the Sun. the (Ian. Ink, and the Ganges, 

 men for the trallic of the Nmth west Provinces, 

 render Patna of great importance as a commercial 

 centre. The chief import* are cotton goods, oil 

 end*. Halt, sugar, wheat, and other cereal* : they 

 reach an annual value of nearly 4 million sterling. 

 The export-. principally oil seeds and suit, with 

 cotton, spices, Knu-li-li piece-good*, CIM-OII nuts, and 

 tobacco, exceed (l.J million sterling in value. I'atna, 

 under itM early name of I'ntiili/iiitni, is siip|>osed to 

 have heen foumliHl ahout tKK) n.r. It \va- % i~ii>-,l 

 liy Me^asthenes. the Creek historian, alMiut :f(K>BC., 

 and rall"d I'aliliothra liy him. In modern times 

 I'atna is notahle as the -rent- of a massacre of 

 Mritish prisoner* liy Mir Kasim in 1763, which led 

 to war and annexation liy the Knglifth, and for the 

 mutiny at Dinapnr. the military station of Patna, 

 in I>O7. I'atna rank* an fifteenth city of India 

 in iHiint of population : | M .p. ( I s;j i 1 08,900 1 (1891) 

 '>-'. 'I he flutrirt has MM area of -J(I79 w|. m., 

 and a pop. of aliout I.MXI.IMI : the ,////, an 

 area of 28,726 *q. m., and a pop. of 16,000,000. 



Pallia, a native state of the Central Provinces, 

 India j area, 2899 wj. m. : ]H>p. nlwitt '_>7.->.000. It 

 Han been under the manage ..... nt of a Hritish |Hiliti- 

 cal a;ent ince Is7l. I'atna. the ehief town, liana 



|Mip. of -jft:,n. 



I'alois. the French term for iliah-cis of a Ian- 



(uafc- -p.iken es|Hfially hy the it ..... lueated. 



IIIM i' i 



r.-ilim. .Iniix <;nis,i\. misi,inary to the New 

 lldiridcs, (hi. .,,,, of a stocking maker, was Uirn 

 in the parish of Kirkmahoe, Dumfriesshire. -Jlth 

 May 1H'J4. After Mime ev|H-rienee in Cla-^ow Cjt\ 

 Miwion. he olleriil hi- -en n . - lor the foreign mis 

 lield in coniiis-tion with the 1'efon ..... I pieshy 

 terian Church, and on liis ordination he settleil 

 down toward" the end of IH.">H amongst the can- 

 nilwl nativra of Tanna. Here he lalioured aniid-t 

 trialu and dittieultii"> till \W2. when he was forced 

 to leave, owing to the hostility of the natives. 



PalOII. Silt XIIKI., painter, was liorn in Dun- 

 fermline, 13th Deoember IH-JI, and studied for 

 a time at the l;,i\al Academy, l^indon. Mi- 

 cartoon sketch, 'The Spirit of Religion,' gained 

 one of the three preniinnis at the Westminster Hall 

 c ..nipetition iii IH4.5. Two years thereafter his oil 

 picture of 'Christ (tearing the Cross' and his 

 'Reconciliation of Oheron anil Titania' jointly 

 gained the pri/e of CMXI. Tlip latter and its com 

 |ianion picture, the (Quarrel of ( ilieion and Titania.' 

 are now ill 'the National Callery at Edinburgh. 

 Dante Meditating the Kpisode of Krancesca' was 

 exhibited in Kdinluirgh in 1852; the 'Dead Lady' 

 in 1S.V4 : and 'The Pursuit of Pleasure' in 1855. 

 Sei-nes from fairyland ami from ancient legend. 

 and religious and mystical allegory, painted with 

 grace, tenderness, and something of over reline 

 incut, have made hi- work familiar, and have 



often engraved. Among his other jiictures aic 

 ' Home from the Crimea ; ' 'In Mcmoriam, a scene 

 from the Indian Mutiny; a seiies of six pictuie 

 illnstiations of the 'Dowie Dens o' Yarrow;' 

 Luther nt Krfnrt;' 'The Fair?- Raid;' 'Faith 

 ami Heason;' ' Ccthscnmne ;' ' Christ and Mary at 

 the Sepulchre;' 'The Man of Sorrows;' 'Mm* 

 Janua ViUi-;' 'The Spirit of Twilight; 'Tli\ 

 Will IK- Done '(1879); ' Beati Mundo Corde ' (1891), 

 \-c. He has illustrated Aytoun'g Lays of th,- 

 Siutlish Cavaliers, and in 18o4 he execute<l twenty 

 illusl rations of the Am-init Miinin-r. He is an 

 K.S. A., W!w appointed Queen's Limner for Scotland 

 in IM'I.'I. leceiveil the honour of knighthood in 1867, 

 and in 187li was made an I.I.. D. of Edinhurgh. 

 He has published two volumes of poems. 



I'atrns. or PATH*, n fortified seaport town 

 anil the most imimrtant in the west of CM 

 climb- up a hillside and spread- out at its to.n on 

 the eastern shore of the Culf of Patros, b\ rail M 

 miles W. by N. of Corinth and 137 W. by N. of 

 Athens. It is a handsome city, having been almost 

 entirely rebuilt alter the ravages of the war of 

 lilicration (1821). It is defended by a citadel, is 

 the seat of an aichbishop. and has u spacious new 

 harbour ( 1880) protected by a mole. It ships -ieat 

 ijnantities of eut rants, chiefly to Crciii liiitain and 

 Fiance, the former taking from ,"i<l.(KH) to MI.OOO 

 and (he latter from 18.IKH) to :tH,000 tons annuallv . 

 lle-ides euirants, olive-oil, wine, valonia. \c. are 

 i-xpoited. The imports embrace chiefly woollen 

 and cotton goods, iron, machinery, coal. British 

 ships import goods to the annual value of 246,4IK). 

 and carry away exports to 1,173,000. Pop. ( l v 

 25.494; '(1889) 44,970. J'ntnr is the only one of 

 the 'twelve cities' of Achaia which still exists as 

 a town ; but most of its relics have been swept 

 away by earthquake (551, 1820) and sic^e (by the 

 Spaniards in |."i32 and I.VCi. by the Knight* of 

 Si .iohn in 160:<. and by the Creeks, 1822-28). It 

 "a- an early seat of Christianity, having an arch- 



bishop before .'if7. 



I'ulrla INktesliiK. See FAMILY, PAKI \ i 

 \MI Cini.h. 

 Patrilirrh (Cr. /,,,/m,,;-/,ex, 'the head of a 



tribe') is the name given to the heads of the 

 families in the antediluvian period of Scriptim- 

 history, and is still more familiar as the designa- 

 tion in Jewish history of the three progenitors of 

 the Jewish people, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. 



