16 



I'Kl.lrAN-riSH 



PELLAGRA 



lull upon tlir hmtxt in order the more easily to 

 rmply the pouch, hen the red tip might lie mis- 

 taken (or liloxl. Another explanation is that the 

 rbaimclrrutir Int.- '<" tnHMWTad to the pelican 

 from the flamingo, which dm- discharge into the 

 miMitlw of it* young a bloody-looting secretion 

 which it dinflnrge* (w "/ <,>mrirx, I sii'.l. 



ii. I- *H '. AIM! l"iig since Sir 'riii.nntH Browne 

 in VuJyar Kmrt pointed out thai the carvings 



Pelican ( Prtrranui critpui \. 



and i4rtumi. eeeleriMtical and heraldic, of the 

 orallrd |-li<-Aii fit-ding it young with its own 

 !.!.. I w.-rr by no ineanii quit* like a |x-lican, 

 and notl tluit alike tale wan told by the \-.-\\, 

 tiaiw of tlir \iillurv ThpMory. which was uiikno\vn 

 la the elamiml writer*, seems to hate originated 

 in EYpt ; ami the love of the vulture for it 

 *M* waxiirwvwbial there (M?C Anuifmy, 1884, 

 L p. V7\. Tlie KufouH m-cked IVlicAn ( /'. Aunt] 

 aUniniU in tin- Wert Indie* anil in many part* 

 of Anwrim. Other specie* are found in other 

 pn f tin- world, an.! in ...nil. place* the mini- 

 in. i |.i.li-i.ni-. pniiii-iilarly in MIIIIB 

 >i tlir ni.t MHitlxrn |irt of th<- world. See aUo 

 \ ' \ p. 654. 



/ , , ;l 



fiah, dwcribed by 



VailUnt in Iwe The Imdy i. mmiewhnt -l like, 

 I llfrfaiM i il" dorwU and ventral middle 

 lio with .f^niMi. my. It i* the rwinn of the 

 . whW, U mort remarkal.l... the gape 



i BO ennrnmiiH. The fish proluilily 



iininialN in wliiilr liki- fashion. Inn al ihc 



Hi iln' MM in>ii'ad <pf at the surface. Gill and Ryder 



Ji-i'ovi'ivd u HJinilar form, Hunt rii-tlmiins Imirilii, in 

 1883, in hirli tin- Tiioulli a(,'uin mi^'fsis a |irliraii's 

 IMIIK-II. Tin- 1'iinally strange BaoeophajyngUfl :in- 

 |>erliapH allied, but the jaw- are Ics- I'imrnmus. . 

 i In- animaU are notable for Bwallowing li>ln'> l 

 than tlieniwh r- 



I'clion. the ancient name of a \ii>.lr,l nn>un- 

 tain-rance in Thesxaly, fxti'inlin^ alon^ the i-a^t 

 coast. Acronliu^' In tin' mytli. the Titans, in nulfi 

 to scale Olytnpii*, the iilKxh' of the ^uil>. plari'd 

 Ossa(q.v.) on the summit of IVIiou, tin- lugbttt 

 ]K'ak (5310 fet-t ) of tlic lan^'c. lt> si.h'^ ami sum 

 init have always been clothed with forests of oak, 

 rhc-tnnt, lii-i-i-li, dm, plane, and pine; it a- of 

 IVIion timlier that the Argo (see Alice is \i i 

 built. The Centaur C'hirou had hU home on this 

 iiKiuntain. 



IV-Iis.sHT, AMABLE JEAN JACVIKX iinc.i, M : , 

 lakhofl, Marshal of France, was born tith Novcmlier 

 1794, at Maromnie, near Konen, and. having passed 

 successfully through the colleges of I .a 1'li-ehe and 

 Si Cyr, entered ihe army. He served on the stall 

 in Spain in is'J.'i, made the campaign of the Mmea 

 in 1828, joined the first expedition to Algiers in 

 1830 as major of cavalry, and in INUSI returned to 

 Algeria with the rank of lieutenant-eolonel. In 

 1845 he acquired an unenviable notoriety by sull'u- 

 cjitinj; more than 500 Arabs who took refuge in 

 caves in the Dahra. l!y 1S,">0 he hail attainnl ihe 

 rank of General of Division. On the outbreak of 

 the Crimean war in 1855 he was given the command 

 of the first corps, and soon succeeded Marshal < 'an 

 rol>ert in the chief command before Schastojiol. 

 On 8th September he stormed the MalakhoM, tin- 

 key of Sebastopol, for which exploit he was re- 

 warded with a marshal's baton, and on his return 

 to France was created Due di- MalakholV and a 

 senator, and received a grant of 100,000 fianes. 

 In 1858 he came to London as the French am has. 

 sador, but resigned his post in the following year, 

 and was named governor of Algeria, where Tie died 

 on 22d May 1864. See Sir E. Hamley, The II W i 

 I In- I'nmcii (1891). 



Structure, in Ceologv, applied to 

 which have a texture like that of dried 

 mud. 



IVIIa. the ancient capital of Macedonia, and 

 tin- birthplace of Philip II. and Alexander the 

 Great, was situated in the midst of marshes, a few 

 miles NW. of Thessalnnica, which stood hall way 

 betwwn it and the head of what is now the 0B 

 of Saloniki. Its royal castle had wall-]>aintings by 

 /enxjs. 



Pellagra (Ital. pelle aym, 'rough skin'), a 

 disease, unknown prior to the first half of the 1Mb 



century, which is mon among the peasantry of 



Northern Italy, and ox-curs also among the same 

 Corfu, Kounmnia, the Landes and Cironde 

 in France, and Oviedo and elsewhere in Spain. 

 lint the headquarters of the disease are in the 

 northern and north central provinces of Itiilv ; it 

 U unknown to the south of Home and iti the 

 Ulands. It is an error to descrilic pellagra as the 

 result of poverty alone -to call il il ililim, ilrllii 

 H is di-aily traceable to the use, as the 

 p-tjiple diet, of damaged and unwholesome maize, 

 gntlii-ri-d Ix-fore it is ri|>e, and st<.iv.l eaielessly 

 Onta in !,- Ihus or piu--in its wet slate, 'i'ln- 

 diwane makix its appearance in spring, in the foim 

 rf a reddish brown rash, which smarts painfully 

 mm e V pos..,l to the sun and air, as on the bare 

 bands mid feet; towards autumn \\>\~ disappeai-. 

 leaving, however, hard, dry spots on the skin, and 

 returning with increased determination in the 



