64 



I'KKSKVEKANCK 



annoyance al the too ardent addrewes of Poly 



dtetei. whom, along with so of his companions 



Iw duutgrd into -t.'iii- After thin he went t< 

 Argii*. IM.III which Actisiu- tied to Thewaly, anc 

 IVrou. UMimed the vjirmit throne. Hut ilii- 

 hke tunny other detail- of tin- myth, is ditler 

 ftttly narrated. 1'emeii* win* womhip|>ed a* a 

 IKTII iu various |irt of (ireece, nml, according t< 

 !! iip-lniu-, in Kg) pi too In ancient wmk- <n 

 an the figure of Veneui* much resembles that ol 

 II 



IVr-r rranrr of Saints a doctrine m-ces 

 Mirily iinlting fnun tin- most essential part ol 

 tin- Calvini-tir system, ami therefore held by 

 .ilmiKt all who adopt the Calvinistic or Auglls 

 tinian doctrine*. It U advocated not only by 

 argument* from other doctrines, an those of <!>< 

 lion, atonement, tin- intercession ami mediatorial 

 loitiinion of Christ, imputed righteousness, and 

 regeneration, hut also from ninny texts of Scrip 

 tnn>, an thane whirli declare eternal life to lie 

 alwar connected with lielieving, and those wliirh 

 encourage the believer to deitend on the faithful- 

 nem. love, ami mni|>olciicc ol (Jod. To an ohjec- 

 tion very roiiiinonly urged against it, that it tend* 

 In make men rnteli . comrning virtue ami holi- 

 nej, it* advocates reply that tlii- ob|cction is \ali.l 

 only against a doctrine very ilill'erent from theirs, 

 doctrine of Perseverance nf Saints lieing 

 one of penieverance in holmes*, ami giving no 

 enroll ragement to a conliilenre of final salvation 

 whieh i- not ...nne.-i.-.l with a pretient ami I-M-H an 

 i-itif holi 



Pmiborr, a pleasant, old fashioned market- 

 toun of Worcestershire, in a great fruit growing 

 district, on the Avon. H miles SK. of Worcester. 

 Holy CM..S, the church of a mitn-d Itcnedictine 

 nbbey, originally founded in (is!), is Imt a frag 

 choir, south transept, and central tower, 

 mainly Iecorated in style, but with Norman ami 

 Knrly Knglish features. It was restored by Scott 

 in 1863 ILY IVr-hore lias manufactures of stockings 

 nnd agricultural implements. |',,p i |c,| , "TIT- 



<1*I)270H. See Styles s //. 

 I'rnhort AM*,, rl,,,rrh (1838). 



Prmla. calleil by the nntiv,-. |I:\N ( s ,.,. \\-\ \ N 



the i t exleiisive and (Niwerful native 



kingdom of wift.-in A-i.. is Unnidcd on the N 



I"- Strut! of Ortnii/ and the Persian Cull'- 

 nnd .,., the \\ l,y Asiatie Turk.'.v. It extends 

 mil.- from east to wi*t and 7(K> tnil,.s from 

 north i.! ...iitl,. and lias an area of almut :i.s.(HXi 

 "I: "' '' '" the most |>nrt of a jjreat 



Ubieland or ttorctod plateau, wliirh in the ,-entie 

 an.1 on the enM si,|e ( . almo>.t a dead level, IMII 

 on the north. ,.-t. a ml S,MII|I is eovenil witli 

 MHranUUn-cbain.. The pn.vin,.,* of A/erbij,,n. 

 ran. OfaQaa, Kunlistan. LurisUn, and 

 an- nlinmt wholly moiintniiiono. KMUII the 

 MMitliern ..tin.Un of A/.-rl.ijan the majwtic rani;e 

 of UM Kll.ur/ run. caMwanf. follnw \,, K the line of 

 aopian ofnu.1 at a du-Unre van-in^' from 12 to 

 On rearhinir A-trnUd'the mountains 

 n.lKnt. ,,( |,,,. r ..levattMi,. ,, m . of which 

 tin- l'RfM,Mimi.ii. in Affhaiii.tan A hill 

 he. i.oMl, ,,f t|,i. line; terminates in 

 >mnnikoh chain, whirl, sink. abmptU to 

 tlH- I"- |.l.un of T.nk.-.H,, South nnd 



" 



AjHrUjan a brtwl monnlii, IM-|| traverse* IVn-in 

 north vi~| to M ,,ith nu.1. the chnii 

 i of which ,t ron.i.t. lying in the same 

 I" MM region Ubmg the moiintains 



running fiom HMMMN to Sbinut. some of the 



peaks of which are clad with jKTpetual snow, ami 



the Tup-in. Moiinlain- and Pusliti Ktih mi the 



in frontier. The Persian mountains an- 



inostix primitive; gnnite, poi|liyr\. felspar, an. I 

 mountain -limestone enter largely into their com 

 position. They alw) exhibit indications of voh-anie 

 lu-tion, Hemavend, a conical ]>eak 18,600 f.-.-t 

 in height, the highest Hiimmit connected with the 

 Elhurz range (or ranges), being an extinct volcano ; 

 and ear ill, | nakee occasionally (K-ciu. The Peisiau 

 plateau, whieh lies in an angle formed between 

 these mountains, is intersected by many subsidiai v 

 tiingen and groups of mountains.' and spreads ea-f 



ward to the plateau of Afghanistan, its % -ml 



elevation ranging from 2000 to 5000 feet aUive 

 sea level, the lowest |M>rtion In-ill^: the Creat Salt 

 Desert in the south west of Khonissati. which has 

 2000 feet of elevation almve the sea ; while the 

 average elevation of the whole plateau above the 

 nea is about 3700 feet. See ASIA. 



A great part of Klmrassaii, the north half of 

 Kernian, the east of Irnk-Ajemi. which form the 

 great central plain, ami detached |Miitions of all 

 the other province*, with the exception of thoVc 

 on the Caspian Sea, forming more than three- 

 fourths of the surface of Persia, are desert that is 

 to say, are uncultivated owing to the want of rain 

 nnd of artificial irrigation. In some parts of this 

 waste the surface produces a scanty beitingc of 

 saline plants; in other parts, called A'rrir, it is 

 covered with an efflorescence of saltpetre, which 

 glitters and flashes in the sunlight, forcing the 

 traveller on these inliospilalile wastes to wear a 

 shade to protect his eyes; hut by far the Beater 

 jMirtion or this region consists of li^lit dry soil, 

 which only require* it fixation to iHvome Iriiitful. 

 This great central deseri contains a few oases, but 

 none of -.-rent extent. A narrow strip of low and 

 level eon nt ry extends along the slimes of the IVi 

 sian Culf and the Strait of Oiniux. It consists ,,f 

 a .succession of liare plains, oeeasionally interrupteil 

 by a plantation of palms near the scanu rivu 

 which traverse it. It j x called Dushtist'an, or by 

 the generic name, applied to many other hx-alilics. 

 of li'uriiiiM'r i.e. the waim region, in opposition to 

 the mountainous districts, called Srl,il. or the 

 eold country. 



Although so much of Persia is desert, some parts 



'1 nintry are of exceeding fertility and lienuty ; 



the laUMOM valleys, some of them 100 miles 'in 

 length, between the various ranges of the Kennan 

 Mountains aliotim! with the ,;n<--\ and most valu- 

 able ^'egetable productions. Creat portions of the 

 |.iovin<'es of Kars, Khuzistan. Ardehin, and A/er 

 MJU have U'en lavishly endowed by nature with 

 the most luxuriant vegetation ; while the provinces 

 if lihilan and Ma/ancleran, which he between the 

 Klburx and the ( 'aspiaii Sea. and the southern s|,>, 

 >f the Klhurz are aa beantiful as W,HH|, water, and 

 i iiio-lerately hot climate can make them -the 

 nonntain sides being clothed witb trees andshiiibs, 

 and the plain, 300 miles long by from 5 to 30 miles 

 wide, studded with mulberry plantations, rice-fields, 

 ineyards, orchards, orange grounds, and sugar and 



.lion plantation*, 



l;,r,-rx ,i,,il I.nkrt. Persia has hardly one river 

 hat can properly l>e termed navigable, though 

 ome ol them are several hundred miles in length, 

 mil of great width and volume of water. The 

 iarun (,|.v.)was opened to foreign steam-naviga 

 ion from its mouth to Ahwaz (where there is a 



series of rapids) in 1SS1). The rivers which flow to 

 he southward receive in the latt*-r part of their 



courw few tributaries, and fertilise only a narrow 

 trip of land on each side of them, except when 

 heir waters are applied, by means of canals or 

 (her works, to the artificial irrigation of the soil. 



Mont of the monument* of the architectural skill 



