102 



PUT UN I A 



1'KWS 



officers, and leading seamen anil into two 

 branches, the seamen and the so-called non-com 

 IwUnt, which latter includes tin- artificers, wiiu-i-. 

 &C. A duel petty ollicer ran only IK- disrated with 

 the sanction of the commander in chief, ami in t In- 

 case of a chief engine-room artilicer hi- disrating 

 niii-t be -|x-rially reported to the .Y'mirally. and 

 he ran only lie restored to his rank l>y Admiralty 

 order. All ntli.T petty oilicera can lie appointed 

 or di-raii-d by the captain of tin- -hip. except in 

 tli-' ram* of giinncrv or t<ir|x-do instructors, who are 

 rated a* such for tlieir special qualilication* in the 

 gunnery and torpedo schools. The pay of the 

 I of police ( master -at-armx l ranges from 4s. to 

 On. a day ; that of chief engine- room artificer from 

 6. 9d. to 7*. 6d. a day, with an extra peony for 

 each good-conduct badge ; a chief gunner or 

 toiiM-do instructor receive* 4s. 2d. a day, with an 

 additional penny for each Imdge, of which he can 

 liave three. A 1st claw ]-tty officer, if a gunnery 

 or torpedo inNtructor, obtain- 3s. 8d. a day, with an 

 extra penny for each badge : if not an instructor, 

 bnt a train"! gunner and torpedo man, 3s. a day ; 

 a 2d-class petty officer, if a trained gunner anil 

 torpedo man, 2s. 8d. a day, with \w\ Tor Itadges ; 

 while a leading seaman receives 2s. -Id. if a trained 

 man, with pay also for liadges. A leading stoker 

 receives 2s. an. a day. am! if a trained mechanic, 

 2s. Kd. ; a carpenter's mate, 4s. 6d. ; and a 1st class 

 writer, SH. See WARRANT-OFFICERS. 



I'* Ilinla. a genus of plants of the natural 

 order Solanacece, natives of the warmer pan- of 

 America. They are herbaceous plants, very nearly 



allied to 



and with a certain 

 similarity to it in 

 the general appear- 

 ance of the foliage, 

 which has also a 

 slight viscidity, and 

 emits when handled 

 a disagreeable sinell ; 

 but the flowers are 

 MTV lx>aiitiful, and 

 varieties improved 

 by cultivation are 

 amongst the favour- 

 ite ornaments of 

 British greenhouses 

 anil Mower -border-. 

 The |N'lunias, al- 

 though perennial, 

 are very often treated 

 as annuals, sown on 

 a hotlx-d in spring, 

 and planted out in 

 summer, in which 

 way they succeed 

 MTV well even in 

 Scotland. They are 

 tall plants, 'with 

 branching weak stems, and may readily lie made 

 to cover a tiellis. Though, ' when treated as 

 Mliou-e plants, they liecome half -shrubby, they 

 live only two or three years. Tin- name i- fr,, TM t],,. 

 llra/ilian /'. fun. The tirl (x-tiinia was introduced 

 into Britain in !H.'tl. There are now many garden 

 nUMM with double Mower*, individually more 

 durable tbnn the single Mowered kit:- 



IN-Hinfzr. See KKI.SI-AK, POTTKRV. 



IV I worth, a market. town of Smex, on an 

 eminence near the \\.--t Kother Itiver, 14 miles 

 N NK. of ChieheM*r. I'etworth MOII-I-. the seat 

 if Ixwd Leoon field, is an IHlh-century mansion, 

 with a fine park and many portrait*" and other 

 relim of the Percies and Wvndhams. Pop. of 

 urnrish. -'. H. A mold's fetuvrth ( 1864). 



(Pltunin 



PrulinKer. CUNKAO ( MtL'i l.>7). a scholarly 

 citi/en of Augshnig, and keeper of the archives. 

 He published a series of Unman iiiM-iiptions ; and 

 at his death the so-called Tiiliiitu frutiiiiffriaiui 

 was in his jxis.-es.sion, in coni>e of lieing prepared 

 tin |nil>licalioii. This remarkable Itinerary (i|.v.) 

 is really a Homan map of the military road- of the 

 .'M century A.H., though his copy was proluihly a 

 l.'tth-century one. The dix-iiment wa> sold liy hi- 

 family, iMiiight In Prince Kiigene in 1714, and is 

 now in the Imperial Library at Vienna. U wa- 

 edited and puUished by Scheyli (17-W), Mannert 

 ( 1824), and Desjardins ( 1869). 



I'evensey, a village of Sussex, stands on the 

 English Channel, 12 miles by rail \V. by S. of 

 Ha>tings. The Romans built here a castle, whose 

 walls enclose a Norman keep. The church is Karly 

 English. William the Conqueror landed on the 

 shore of Pevensey Bay. Pop. of pari-h, .SIM. 

 Lower's Chronicles of 'Peretuey (3d el. 1880). 



Pews (anciently pttes ; Old Fr. ptii/x : l>utcJi 

 puycs ; Lat. podium, 'anything on which to lean 



ii/i/ini/er), enclosed seats in churches. Church 

 seats were in use in England some time before the 

 Reformation, as is proved by numerous example- 

 still extant, the carving on some of which i- a> 

 early as the Decorated Period i.e. before 1400 A.II. : 

 and records as old as 1450 s|ieak of such seats ],\ 

 the name of pnes. They were originally benches. 

 usually facing east, with partitions of wainscoting 

 alioiit three feet high, and ends of the width of 

 the seat, panelled or carved ; these ends often rising 

 above the wainscoting, and ending in tlcurs-de li> 

 or ' poppy-heads,' a> j-hown in the illustration. 



Pews, Krosiingtit-lil Church, Suffolk. 



The IxTiches here are in Fressiuglield Church. 

 Harlestou, Sutlolk, and date from the later half 

 of the I5th century. The back of the one' in the 

 engraving is quite a 'poor man's liilile.' being 

 caned with the emblems of the Pas-inn, from the 



c.x-k crowing to the seamless coat. In later ti - 



|M-w.sgrew into large and high enclosures, contain- 

 ing two or more seats, lined with hm/.e, and lilted 

 with dix>rs, desks, am! cushions; but these will soon 

 have all Iwen swept away in England under the in- 

 Iliiem eof i he restoration movement and of the Kree 

 and O|>cn Church Association founded in IHG."i for 

 the alxilit ion of appropriated seats. Pews were early 

 ned to particular owners, but at first only to 

 the pat tons of churches. A canon made at Exeter, 

 in 1287, rebukes quarrelling for a seat in chinch, 



