I'OKT MOODY 



fully situated on a deep, narrow inlet in the south 

 east uf the island. ll harUiur in one of ih<> finest 

 in the Mediterranean, an<l is piot.vted t.y powerful 

 forU and fortifications. Building Ht4ine, shoe*, 

 cotton*, cattle, anl honey r.- exported. Pop. 

 15,84'Z The town wan held by I lie HMOM BOB 

 1708 to 1736, and again from 1702 to 1782. It was 

 they ho made it a tirst-claM fortma. 



Port Moody. 8*e VANCOUVER. 



Porlo Alrjjrr, capital of the Brazilian state 

 of Kio (Jraude ilo Sill, stands at the north-west 

 extremity uf ill-- lAgoa dos I'nto-, by means of 

 which ii communicates with the se. It wan 

 founded in 174'.', is well linill, ami has iiliout 35,000 

 inhabitant-, ll . nlains a cathedral, an arsenal, 

 military an<l normal schools, an episcopal seminary, 

 ami a ('leriiian club. Mont of the wholesale trade I 

 in in the Imml- of the (Ji-rman-. who numlier some 

 8000. Railways bring the produce of the interior 

 iloun to the JMirt, which, however, can only lie 

 entered by ships drawing 8} feet. There are manu- 

 factories of pianos, furniture, liranily, anil lieer. 



PortobHIo. a Scottish -ill cri ng place on the 

 sonthcrn shore of the Firth of Forth, 3 miles E. of 

 Edinburgh. Its first house (1742) was Imilt by 

 HI.- of Admiral Vermin's seamen in the ex|>edi- 

 lion against I'uerto Hello, and hence it derived its 

 name : Init it dates, like ite eastern extension 

 .loppa, almost wholly from a time later than 1804. 

 An esplanade. J mile long, skirta tin- broad le\.-l 

 sands; and there are a promenade pier of lA'iO feet 

 \1871), municipal baiMingl I IS7S), half-a -do/en 

 ehiirches, and manufactures of pottery, bricks, 

 Imt t lex, \c. 1'orlol.ello, with I.eilli and Mussel- 

 burgh, retiinm one menilier to parliament. Pop. 

 (1841 i 3.VS7 : ( 1891 ) 8682. By the Edinburgh Ex- 

 ten-ion Ait I IS96) Portobello was inror|Hiruteil with 

 Edinburgh. 



Portobelo, formerly PUERTO BKI.I.H, a decayed 

 seaport of Colombia, on the northern shore of the 

 Isthmus of Panama. It ban an r\i -ellcnt harlMiur, 

 discover*"! by Columbus in 15<r2. hut has fallen into 

 decay since 1739, when it was stormed by Admiral 

 Vernon. Pop. 1300. 



I'orlo Frrrajo. See ELBA. 



Porto-Mniiri/.lo, a town of North Italy, 

 stands emliowcred in olive groves on the (Jnlf of 

 Ccnoa. hv roil 69 miles S\V. of (ienoa and 41 E. 

 by N. of Ni<-e. ami r. insists of an old town on 

 the hills and a new town next the sea, with a 

 mall harbour. Pop. 6300. The province baa an 

 area of 468 sq. m. and a |>op. of 145,818. 



PortO \OVO. a small port on the ( oromand.-l 

 coast of India, I4.'i unN - S. uf Ma<li.is l.\ rail, lioth 

 the Danes and the I)iit<-h liiul formerly a f.-i-l my 

 here. The place is celebrated for the battle fought 

 on 1st July I7H1, when Sir Kyre CiMite. with 

 HOW) men. >!cf>-at<-d Myder Ali and an army of 

 i,.i im Kroni IS-J4 on (or -oine years tin-re was an 

 |inin-founilry h.-re, the ore UMIIJ; brought from 



I na. Pop. 71 



Porlo Klro. or PUERTO Rico, a West India 



i-! ui.l i Spnnish till IsiiS). lies 75 miles K. of Hayti 

 - I Lulling ' An olilon^ in nlmpe, it has an area 

 of 3530 sq. in.,alMiut live-six tlis the area of Jamaica, 

 and measures 110 miles from east to west, an.! !<> 

 from north to miuth. It is traversed from east to 

 west by range* of mountains. I.~><H> feet in average 

 lit.' though Mount El Yuni|iie rises to 'M>~n 

 feet. From the lme of tin- moiintains rich alluvial 

 tract* extend to the sea on all sides, and are 

 watered by innumerable short streams. The 

 higher part* are eovi-n-.l with forest*. Itain falls 

 in miicii greater ahundam-e on the nmtli than on 

 the -mill of the inland. The principal crops are 

 ngar, coffee, and rice (the food of the people), 



though tobacco, maize, yams, bananas, plantains, 

 and tropical fruits are also ^n.wii. I.'irge herds of 

 cattle and horses are led on the lowland pastures. 

 I...M, , ..],|..-i. iron, lead, and coal have IKH-II found, 

 but the industries of Port" Kii-o are enliiely ayri 

 cultiiml. Tln)ini|H>rtsi ..]isi-( of coltonand wisillen 

 ^-- -. mi'tals, hardware, and niachim-iv. animals 

 and animal products, and provisions, such a.s rice. 

 flour, ale, fruit-. \-c., to a total value in 18!I7 <>f 

 about $10,715,000 ; the exports, are coffee, sugar, 

 molasses, tobacco, corn, cattle. \c., to a \alue of 

 about $11,011,500, both inijHirt and r\|x>rl trade 

 being chielly with Spain, tin- lulled States. (Ireat 

 Britain, France, and Ci-miany. The ]Kipuhition h.i- 

 .-.-.l from 1.VS.400 in ls'i I" !i:.:t.-'i:t in 1- 

 7 U'in^r i>iloured. Chief towns aic S.in Juan, 

 the capital, Ponce, and Mayague/. Poll., lli.-i.wa~ 

 discovered by Columbus in 1 V.i'.i : Ponce ile I.emi 

 foundetl a settlement in 1510. It wa-. loyal and 

 oliedient to S|uiin. notwithstanding an alt'-ni|>te,l 

 uprising fostered by Colombians in IS-J.">. (iri-upied 

 by 1'niteil States troops during the war with S|iin 

 (1898), it was eeded to tin- Cnited States by the 

 peace treaty. An act of congress conferred civil 

 government on the island in 1900. 



Porlpalrirk. a decayed lishing village in 

 Wigtownshire, 7j' mile- SW. of Stranroer by rail. 



It js slielti 1 by high dill's, and has a pleasant 



south-westerly exposure, but the coast is rocky and 

 the sea boisterous, while there are no facilities for 

 bathing, although the village enjoys some reputa- 

 tion as a watering-place. Portpatrick is but 21J 

 miles direct north-east of I>onaghadce in County 

 Down, wa- long the (irelna Ciecn for Ireland, and 

 the chief place for the imiiortatioii into Scotland of 

 Irish cattle and horses, while it was a mail packet- 

 station from KMW till 1S41I. A pier was l.uilt in 

 1774. and a great artificial Imrliour was comnn i 

 from Kennie's de-igns in 1821, but ultimately 

 was found impracticable as a place of shelter 

 owing to the violence of the south wc-terh -well 

 and the winds that blow for eight months of tin- 

 Year. The public confidence in the harliour received 

 'its death-blOW fnun the wieck of the I irnni -l.-am 

 ship within the port ill 1850, when alsmt seventy 

 souls perished within a few yards of the crowded 

 si reel. The lighthouse wits removed in I still, and 

 the harbour- works fell quickly into hopeless ruin. 

 after having cost the country i'.VK),000. Pop. 

 of parish ( 1H31 ) 2239 ; ( 1891 ) 1213. 



Port Phillip, the gate of Melliourne, dis 

 covered in 1802 by Lieutenant Murray, and named 

 in honour of Captain Phillip, tin- liist KOTOnOrof 

 New South Wales (q.v.). Victoria itself was 

 originally called the district of Port Phillip. 



Portraits. COMPOSITE, a met lux! of indicat- 

 ing the facial eharacteiistics of a family or group of 

 P.-I-OII-. while at the same time suppressing the 

 peculiarities of individual meml.ei-. Mi 1 ianc-i- 

 Calton has thus prepared ty|K' faces each coni|M)sed 

 of a number of indi idmils specially celelnateil for 

 particular branch of ait. science, or occupa- 

 tion. The result* are recognised as of considerable 

 value to the student of anthro|ology. 



One way of obtaining these com|n>site (Mirtraits 

 is to take full-face photographs of each person com 

 up, of such a uniform si/e that two 

 fixed liori/.onlal lines pass, one through the inner 

 angle of the eye-, the other through the line divid 

 ing the lip-, while a third lived pel peinliciilar line 

 >-'|iially divides the nose ; by this means the photo- 

 graphs are brought appioximately to the same 

 and corjres|Min<ling |Hirtions of the various faces 

 occupy similar positions. Now siip|Kise there arc ten 

 individuals in the group, and that any one negative 

 would require half an hour to produce a good print, 

 then each negative is printed for one-tenth of half 



