622 REGENERATOR FURNACE 



REGIMENT 



anil the infused virtues ; (4) the imprint in;; of an 

 indelible 'character 'on the soul; beside- i ." making 

 tin- recipient a member of Christ ami IM church, 

 and qualifying to receive the other sacrament-. 

 The usual Protestant doctrine of baptism is 

 i \ plained at BAPTISM; and see also IMIIHIAM. 

 Protestants hold for the most part that regenera- 

 tion is a special, conscious process which takes 

 place independently of baptism or of any other 

 outward ct or ceremony. It implies a sen- 

 -il'le experience an awakening whereby men come 

 to see the evil of sin, and the divine displeasure 

 against sin, and, through the Holy Spirit, are born 

 again, put away their former evil life, and begin 

 to live a new 'divine life. Technically, Conver- 

 sion (q.v.) is the action upon man, Regeneration 

 the agency of God. 



Regenerator Furnace. See GLASS. 

 Kegensburg. See RATISBON. 



Regent, one who exercises the power without 

 having the name of a king. In a hereditary 

 monarchy there are various circumstances wUeo 

 may necessitate the delegation of the sovereign 

 power as the devolution of the crown on a minor 

 too young to be entrusted with the kingly office ; 

 the incapacity of the sovereign by illness, mental 

 or bodily ; and the case of absence 'from the realm. 

 A regent under the title of Protector (q.v.) has 

 often l>een appointed to exercise royal authority in 

 the sovereign's minority, the latest instance in 

 England )>eing during the minority of Edward VI.; 

 and regent* and councils of regency have been 

 ometime- named by the sovereign to provide for 

 the pmluihle nonage of his heir. During the 

 frequent absences of the first two kings of the 

 Iliin-f of Hanover in their continental dominions 

 it was the practice to appoint regents or Lords 

 Justices (see Vol. VI. p. 379) to exercise the powers 

 of sovereign. In 1788, when George III. became 

 incapacitated from exercising the kindly office by 

 insanity, it became a question whether his eldest son, 

 then of full age, had a ri^lit to lie regent, or whether 

 the nomination rested with parliament The chief 

 jMilitical authorities of the time were divided in 

 their judgment, but the king's recovery ended the 

 discussion. On the return of the malady all parties 

 were unanimous that the regency should be con- 

 ferred on the Prince of Wales, and this was done 

 by parliament. In 1830 a Regency Kill was passed, 

 providing for the administration of the government, 

 should the crown descend to the Princess Victoria 

 before she attained eighteen years of age ; and in 

 1840, one providing that tin- Prince Consort should 

 be regent in the event of the demine of the Queen, 

 her next lineal successor lieing under age. l-'or 

 university regents, see article LuiVERSITIES. 



Reggio ( anc. Rheqium Jti/ii), a seajiort of Sou t h 

 Italy, stands on the Strait of Messina, 9 mile- si 

 of the city of Messina in Sicily. It is the seat of 

 an arch bishop, and has a line cathedral. Manufac- 

 tures of silks, scented waters, gloves, stockings, 

 and caps the last three made from the byssns 

 of tin- I'inna (q.v.) the cultivation of fruits, wine, 

 and olives, and fishing are carried on. pop. 

 23,853. The ancient Rhegitim was founded l>v 

 Qfwkl in the 8th century. It was taken and 

 destroyed by Dionysus of Syracuse- (:w7 n.c. ), the 

 Romans (270), Alaric (410 A.D.), Totila (A49), the 

 Saracens (918), and captured by Robert Cui-cmd 

 (lOflO), Pedro of Aragon (1282), and the (Jari- 

 Iwvldians (I860). In 1783 it was ruined by an 

 earthquake. The j>n>vinre has an area of 12-J1 

 W|. m. iiinl H |Hip. of :I7,208. 



Rcgglo. a city of Contra! lulv, stands on the 

 ancient l'<n Kim/in, 17 miles by rail SE. of Parma, 

 and is still (unrounded with walls. It baa a good 



cathedral of the 16th century, one of the finest 

 theatre- in Italy, a model lunatic a-\ him. a natural 

 hi-toiA and an antiquarian museum, a lilnaiv . ,\. 

 Pop. 18,ti.S4, who manufacture silk, hemp, turnery, 

 leather, &c. , and carry on considerable trade, 

 especially in timber. Reggio is the birthplace <.f 

 Ariosto. Dining the later middle ages it was aa 

 independent city, but was subject to the I>'Este 

 from 1409 onwards. The bishopric was founded 

 in 450. 



Regiaill Majcstatem, a collection of ancient 

 laws bearing to have been compiled by order of 

 I'aviil 1., king of Scotland. The authenticity of the 

 work has been controverted, the prevalent opinion 

 being that it is a compilation from Clanvillc's 

 Tractatiu. Some authorities attribute the collect- 

 ing of it to a commission of Edward I., others to 

 an unknown author after the war of independent e 

 (14th century). 



Regicides, the men who were appointed on the 

 parliamentary committee to try Kin-; Charles I., 

 but in a narrower sense the men, sixty-seven in 

 number, who actually sat in trial upon* him. Of 

 these onlv fifty -nine signed the death-warrant. 

 After the Restoration the regicides were brought to 

 trial on a charge of high-treason. Twenty-nine 

 were condemned to death, but only ten wcie 

 executed, nineteen, together with six others who 

 were not tried, being imprisoned, most of them 

 for life. More than twenty who were already dead 

 were tried and condemned all the same, and 

 Cromwell, Ireton, and Bradshaw, three of them, 

 were exhumed and hanged at Tyburn, and then 

 reburied at the foot of the scafTofd. For regicides 

 in a wider use of the term, see ASSASSINATION, 

 and E. Regis' Les Rigicides dans I'Histoire et dan* 

 le Present (1890). 



1C ci: i 1 1 us. LAKE, lay in 1 .at in m . to the south-east 

 of Rome, probably near the modern Frascati ; it is 

 celebrated in the semi-legendary history of Home 

 as the scene (496 B.c.) o? a great battle between 

 the Romans and the Latins, lighting on In'half of 

 the banished Tarquin, in which the latter were 

 entirely defeated. 



Regiment, in most modern armies, is a tacti- 

 cal unit consisting either of four squadrons of 

 cavalry, some six or seven Batteries (q.v.) of artil- 

 lery, or three or four Battalions (q.v.)of infantry 

 the engineers and other troops being similarly 

 groujied. In the British army the cavalry regiment 

 consists of eight troops (four squadrons) having a 

 war establishment of 666 of all ranks (32 being 

 officers) and 614 horses. It is a tactical unit com- 

 manded by a lieutenant-colonel, with adjutant, 

 quartermaster, paymaster, medical officer, veterin- 

 ary surgeon, trans|K>rt officer, band, and artificers. 



As regards the infantry the regiment is not a 

 tactical unit. The name is often still given to 

 single battalions owing to the fact that previous to 

 1881 it was used indiscriminately for infantry corps 

 whether they consisted of two battalions, as did 

 the first twenty in the Army List, or of four, as did 

 the 60lh. But in that year 133 battalions of tin- 

 line were reorganised to form 67 regiments, which 

 should each eon-ist of two liatlalions of line infan- 

 try, two or more battalions of militia, and what- 

 . oliinteer battalions there might be in the 

 toiritoiy allotted to each regiment for recruiting 

 purposes and called its Kr./iuieiital district. The 

 The Cameron Highlanders (the old 7!lth ) w. i.- 

 an exception with OIK- battalion. It had been pro- 

 posed to link them as a third battalion to the Scots 

 (Itiards; but this arrangement was not carried out, 

 and in 1>W a second battalion was 8|>ccially raised 

 to complete the regiment. At the same time the 

 liiiards retained their old organisation \i/. t! 

 battalions of Grenadiers, two of Coldst reams, and 



