REGIMENT 



REGISTERS 



623 



two of Scots Guards and the 60th Rifles and Rifle 

 Brigade, each of four battalions, are allotted to 

 the regimental district at Winchester. The two 

 West Indian regiments (single battalions) have 

 since been formed into a regiment of two battalions. 

 Like the regiments of the native armies of India, 

 no militia or volunteer battalions are attached to 

 it. A territorial regiment is therefore a purely 

 administrative unit, and has no war establishment. 

 It is commanded by a colonel, assisted by an 

 adjutant and quartermaster, and its depot com- 

 panies, two for each line battalion, train recruits 

 for the service companies. 



The Royal Regiment of Artillery is also a purely 

 administrative organisation, including all the horse, 

 field, and mountain batteries and garrison com- 

 panies of the regular army. The corps of Royal 

 Engineers similarly comprises all the officers and 

 men of that arm. Militia and volunteers are 

 attached to each, and they are each represented 

 at the War Office by a deputy-adjutant-general. 



The word regiment began to be applied to bodies 

 of British troops in Elizabeth's reign ; regiments 

 are spoken of at the time of the Armada, 1588, and 

 as composing the force in Ireland, 1598. From 

 that time forward the army and militia of Britain 

 have been organised into regiments. Charles I. 

 and the parliament each raised regiments, all of 

 which were disbanded at the Restoration, with 

 the exception of the Lord-general's Regiment of 

 Foot and his Life Guard of Horse. These two were 

 le-engaged ( 1661 ) ami form the present Coldstream 

 Guards and Royal Horse Guards. In the same 

 year a Scotch corps of 1700 men, which had taken 

 fervice in France in the time of James I., returned 

 to England, and was included in the British army 

 tie the 1st Foot. See ARMY, Vol. I. p. 433. In 

 1693 was raised the 1st troop of Horse Grenadier 

 Guards, and the 2d troop in 1702. These were 

 re-formed in 1782 as the 1st and 2<I Life Guards. 



Regimental officers are those who are actually 

 doing duty with a regiment, battalion, battery, or 

 company as combatants, in contradistinction to 

 those who may be on the staff or otherwise 

 employed. 



Reqimental badges, mottoes, and devices are 

 detailed in the Queen's Regulations, and emblaz- 

 oned, with the battles and campaigns in which 

 either of the battalions of the regiment has been 

 engaged, on its colours or appointments. 



Regimental pets are animals which accompany 

 the troops on all occasions and have a recognised 

 place on parade. Manv infantry battalions have 

 them e.g. the Royal Welsh Fusiliers always have 

 a white goat, which since the year 1844 has been 

 regularly presented to them by the Queen. 



For Regimental Schools, see ARMY, Vol. I. p. 439. 



Regimental district (formerly brigade dep6t) is 

 the territory allotted to each infantry regiment of 

 the British army. The localisation of the forces 

 followed naturally on the adoption of a short 

 uervice system. The increased number of recruits 

 annually required necessitated the spreading of 

 recruiting agencies over the country, and the 

 desirability of obtaining men from a district to 

 which they would afterwards return as reservists 

 was obvious. The original scheme of 1873 has 

 been modified in many ways, and may be briefly 

 summarised as follows: For the purposes of com- 

 mand, the United Kingdom is divided into 14 

 districts ten for England, one for Scotland, and 

 three for Ireland (the Channel Islands command 

 does not share in the localisation scheme), under 

 general officers. Each of these districts has a float- 

 ing body of regular troops, and is subdivided (with 

 the exception of the Thames, Woolwich, and 

 Aldenthot districts) into a certain number of regi- 

 mental districts 69 altogether. 



To each of these regimental districts are assigned, 

 normally : (a) Two line battalions if possible one 

 at home and one abroad ( see, however, REGIMENT ) ; 



( b ) regimental dep6ts composed of two companies, 

 under a major, two captains, and two subalterns, 

 from each line battalion belonging to the district ; 



(c) the militia and volunteer battalions of the 

 district, as well as the infantry of the army reserve. 

 The linked battalions of the line together with the 

 militia battalions form a territorial regiment to 

 which the volunteer battalions are attached. If 

 possible a territorial regiment draws its recruits 

 from its own district, and the promotion of officers 

 of the line takes place in the regiment and not in 

 a particular battalion. Militia recruits are trained 

 at the dep6t, and every effort made to draw close 

 the connection between the line and the militia. 

 Each regimental district is in charge of a lieu- 

 tenant-colonel, who superintends the recruiting 

 of the district, and commands the auxiliary and 

 reserve forces in it. His staff comprises an 

 adjutant, quartermaster, paymaster, medical officer, 

 and the usual non-commissioned officers. 



Rt'llilia, capital of the Canadian province of 

 Assimboia and seat of government of the North- 

 west Territories, 357 miles by rail W. of Winnipeg. 

 The chief buildings are the lieutenant-governors 

 residence and the headquarters of the mounted 

 police. Pop. 2000. 



Regiomontanus, a German mathematician 

 and astronomer whose name was Johann Miiller, 

 was born at Konigxberg in Franconia, 6th June 

 1436. From his birthplace he called himself in the 

 media>val fashion Johannes de Monteregio ; since 

 1544 Regiomontanus is the name by which he has 

 lieen known. He was trained by the Austrian 

 mathematician George Purbach ( 1423-61 ), studying 

 under him at Vienna and elsewhere. In 1461 he 

 accompanied Cardinal Bessarion to Italy in order 

 to learn Greek. He sojourned in Rome, Ferrara, 

 Padua, and Venice ; returned for a time to Vienna, 

 and was called by Matthias Corvinus to his court 

 at Buda ; but in 1471 he settled in Nuremberg, 

 where a learned and wealthy citizen, Bernhard 

 Walther, subsidised him so as to enable him to 

 construct mathematical and astronomical instru- 

 ments and found a famous printing-press. The 

 two laboured together at the correction of the 

 ' Alphonsine Tables,' and jointly published Ephem- 

 eriifes 1475-1506 (1473), of which Columbus and 

 other early navigators made much use. Regiomon- 

 tanus not only worked at astronomy, but restored 

 the study of algebra in Germany, extended the 

 science of trigonometry, and published treatises 

 on water-works, burning-mirrors, weights and 

 measures, &c. He was summoned to Rome by Pope 

 Sixtus IV. to assist in reforming the calendar, 

 was made Bishop of Ratisbon, but died at Rome, 

 6th July 1476. 



Among his works are De Doctrina Trianyulorum 

 (1463); De Quadratura Circuli (1463); Calendarium 

 (1473) ; De Reformatione Calendarium (1484) ; De Com- 

 elce Magnitudine ( 1531 ) ; De Triangulii Omnimodis 

 ( 1533). See Ziegler, Regiomontanui, tin geistiyer Vor- 

 Idufer de Kolumbvs ( 1874). 



Register of Voice. See VOICE. 



Registers* PARISH. The place which parish 

 registers now (ill was formerly, but only in very 

 small part, supplied by monastic registers, which, 

 however, as a rule registered only deaths of import- 

 ant persons, so as to be able to tell when masses 

 became due, and were usually confined to the 

 families of founders, benefactors, and the like. 

 Entries were also sometimes made in the missals of 

 parish churches, and the monastic chronicles often 

 contain necrologies, whilst mortuary rolls were 

 regularly sent round from monastery to monastery. 



