754 



HIM IIKSTKI! 



HOCK 



The river liaa here three perpendicular falls of 96, 

 26, and 83 feet, and affords immense water -pow IT. 

 The city i- well built, and laid out with almost 

 uiihroken regularity. Among the principal I. nil. I 

 ings are the city hall, of blue limestone, .in. I the 

 court-house; a state industrial school (formerly a 

 'house of refuge'), with MOMBmodftthMI tor 900 boys 

 and 400 girls; numerous churches, including a 

 Koinan Catholic cathedral ; the Free Academy, and 

 the university (founded 1850, and under liapli.-t 

 control), and a Baptist theological seminary (whose 

 library of 21,000 vol.-. includes that of Neander). 

 There are also over thirty graded public and nmny 

 private schools, libraries, asylums, honpitalx, &c. 

 Itnt the most noteworthy xtructure in the city is 

 i in- handsome xtone aqueduct of seven arches (850 

 feet long) by which the Krie Canal crosses the 

 river. The principal industries are Hour-milling, 

 which has always been extensively carried on here, 

 and the manufacture of ready-made clothing and 

 boota and shoes, rubber goods, furniture, carnages, 

 agricultural implements and machinery, steam- 

 engines, glass, cigars, tobacco, perfumery, >W. : 

 and there are besides numerous foundries, iron- 

 bridge works, cotton-mills, breweries, and fruit 

 canning establishments. In the neighbourhood 

 there are great nurseries, and in the city large 

 will-packing establishments. Rochester is a port 

 of entry, and has a considerable trade hut h by lake 

 and rail. It was settled in 1810, incorporated in 

 1834, and in 1890 was, in order of population, the 

 t wenty -second city of the United States. Pop. 

 (1840) 20,191; (1860) 48,204; (1890) 133,896 ;( 1900) 

 182,435. (2) Capital of (Hmsted county, Min- 

 nesota, on the Znmbro River (crowed bv three 

 iron bridges), 347 miles by rail N\V. of Chicago. 

 It has Hour-mills, foundries, and manufactories of 

 furniture, farming implements, &c. Pop. (1900) 

 tist:{. (3) A city of New Hampshire, 21 miles by 

 rail N\V. of Portsmouth, with good water |>ower, 

 and initnufiicliiri's of llanni'l. blankets, shoe*. iVc. 

 Pop. S4Wi. (4) A borough of Pennsylvania, at the 

 juiK'tion of the Ohio and Beaver Rivera, 25 miles by 

 rail NW. of Pittslmrg, with de|iosits of coal, oil, 

 >W., and various manufacture*. Pop. (1900)4688. 



Rochester, JOHN WILMOT, EARL OF, the 

 wittiest reprobate at the court of Charles II., was 

 born at Ditchley in Oxfordshire, 10th April 1647, 

 an. I was educated at Burford school and Wadham 

 College, Oxford. He next travelled in France and 

 Italy, and on his return repaired to court, where 

 his handsome person and lively wit quickly made 

 him a prominent figure. In 1665 he showed con- 

 spicuous courage serving under Sandwich against 

 the Dutch, as well as the summer after under Sir 

 Edward Spragge facts which agree but ill with 

 the stories that he would slink away in street 

 quarrels and evade duels which he had himself 

 provoked. With a friend, Mr Windham, he had 

 entered into a formal engagement that, ' if either 

 of them died, he should appear and give the other 

 notice of the future state, if there was any.' Wind- 

 ham was killed in an attack upon Bergen, but, 

 did not afterwards disturb the rest of his friend, 

 who now plunged into a life of the grossest .!> 

 iNiucliery, was for the years together continually 

 drunk, and diverted himself constantly with ex- 

 travagant frolics and buffoonery, such as the pur- 

 suit of low amours in mean disguises, and the acting 

 of assumed characters, ax a mountebank, a quark 

 doctor, and the like./_Lu lh- scarce intervals of in- 

 temperance he wrote excellent letters to his wife 

 and xon, and devoted himself to letters, writing 

 personal satires, bacchanalian and amatory songs, 

 and too often oWrne and licentious verses, many 

 of which, however, were doubtless fathered on him 

 after his day. In these wild excesses he bla/ed 

 out his youth and his health, till at the age of one 



and thirty he had exhausted the fund of life. On 

 his death-bed he was convinced of the necessity of 

 repentance by the arguments of Bishop Itnin.t. 

 who writes : ' I do verilv lielieve he was so entirely 

 hanged, that if he had recovered he would have 

 mode good all his resolutions. ' He died 'Jtitli July 

 1680. His last conversations are tonchingly de- 

 scribed by Unmet in >/;,/ jHtssayes of the Life mid 

 Driith of'JuliH, Eurl tif liiM-htxtfi- ( ItiKU; in vol. iv. 

 of \\ordsworth's Ecrlrxiiistinil /IKI//XIJI/II/), a book, 

 says Dr Johnson, 'which the critic 1 ought to lead 

 for it* elegance, the philosopher for it- arguments, 

 and the saint for itx piety. It were an injurj to 

 the reader to offer him an abridgment.' 



Rochester's verees show more wit than poetn. 

 but he possessed in rich measure the gift of satire. 

 An excellent example of this is Ins memorable 

 epitaph on Charles II. : 



Here lies oar sovereign lord the king, 



Whoiie weird no nuui reliea on ; 

 He never uiit foolinh thing, 



Nor ever did wine one. 



Equally well known is the description' a merry 

 monarch, scandalous and poor,' trie line rhyming- 

 with which it is characteristically impossible to 

 quote. Horace Walpole's judgment of his work i 

 thus expressed in Royal and fioble Authors : ' Lord 

 Rochester's poems nave much more olwcenily 

 than wit, more wit than poetry, more poetry than 

 politeness.' Before his death he expressed a wish 

 that his indecent verses should be suppressed, but 

 that very year these, and much more, were pub- 

 lished ostensibly at Antwerp, really at London. 

 Among the licst of his poems known to be genuine 

 are an Imitation of Horace on Lucitius, Verses to 

 Lord Mulgrave, a Satire against Man, and Verses 

 upon Nothing. 



Rochester, VISCOUNT. See KER, and OVER- 

 BURY. 



Roche-snr-Yon, capital of the French depart- 

 ment of Vendee, on the Yon, 50 mile* SSK. of 

 Nantes by rail, has a prefecture, lycenm, library 

 of 12,000 volumes, a museum, and a theatre. 

 Napoleon selected it in 1805 then a mere village- 

 to be the departmental capital. From 1815 to 

 1848 it was called Bourbon- Vendfe, from 1848 to 

 1870 Napoleon- Vendee. Pop. 8789. 



Rochet (Low Lat. rorlirttiis: Old High Ger. 

 rocc/j, 'coat;' Ger. rock), a line linen or lawn vest- 

 ment proper to bishops and abbot*, and worn also 

 by canons of certain privileged chapters, and some 

 other dignitaries. It is of the form of a surplice, 

 but with sleeves fastened at the wrist ; these for- 

 merly fitted more tightly to the arm than do the 

 'balloon sleeves' still commonly worn by Anglican 

 bishops. In the Latin Church it* use is very 

 ancient. Formerly it appeal* to have been worn 

 by clerics serving mass and by priest* baptising, 

 because it left their anus free (Lyndwood, quoted 

 by Du Cange); but those priests who are privileged 

 to wear the rochet are now commanded to regard 

 it as a choir vestment, and are strictly forbidden 

 to use it in the administration of the sacraments. 

 In the First Prayer-book of Edward VI. the rochet 

 was ordered to be worn by bishops at all public 

 ministrations, and beside i.e. over it a surplice 

 or alb. It is prescrilx'd in the present Hook of 

 ('mnnion Prayer an part of the episcopal habit. 

 The old 18th-century Anglican fashion of fastening 

 the sleeves of the rochet to the chimere leaving 

 the rochet itself sleeveless is almost gone out. 



Rock. Though popularly restricted to masse* 

 of indurated matter, this term is extended by 

 geologists to all substances which make up the 

 crust of the earth, whether they be loose anil friable 

 like soil and sand, or compact and indurated like 

 limestone and granite. The rocks of the earth'* 



