rn 



I;IM oco 



HODBKHTUS 



with the famous Mount of the Holy Crow (14,176 

 feet) and Mount Harvard (14,375 feet). Farther 

 south are the San Juan Mountains, which consti- 

 tute the western boundary of San Luis Park. To 

 the north and west of this range lies a high broken 

 country merging into the metu region of western 

 Colorado. Uncouipahgre Peak (14,408 feet) is the 

 culminating point of this section. The eastern 

 border of San Luis Park is .formed by the Sangre 

 deCristo Kange, which i- almost a continuation of 

 the Sawatch. Its loftiest summit, Blanca Peak 

 ( 14,463 feet), is the highest point of the ' Rockies.' 

 The Elk Mountains, a series of short parallel 

 ranges with sharp volcanic peaks, lie to the west 

 of the Sawatch Range. In the Parks rise the 

 head-waters of the North and the South Platte, 

 the Arkansas, the Grand, and the Rio Grande. 

 Beside these large parks there are among these 

 ranges many smaller but beautiful valleys. West 

 of the Park Range are the I" in tali Mountains, 

 composed of a broad fold of thick strata, of which 

 the Upper Tertiary and Cretaceous layers have been 

 eroded to the depth of more than 3 miles, exposing 

 the underlying Carboniferous rocks. This range 

 has on east and west trend, and connects the 

 eastern and western ranges of the Rocky Mountain 

 System. The most important of the western ranges 

 are the Wahsatch Mountains, which form a part 

 of the eastern rim of the Great Basin (q.v. ), and 

 which serve us the connecting link between the 

 northern and southern groups of this system. The 

 greatest development of the northern group is in 

 Wyoming. The Wind River Mountains are the 

 highest of the ranges, with Fremont's Peak 

 (13,790 feet) as the culminating point. To the 

 west are the Tetons, Mount Hayden ( 13,691 feet), 

 and the Snake River Mountains. The mountains 

 of the northern group are wilder and less accessible 

 than those of the southern chains, but not so lii^h. 

 They also present scenery which is less varied ; they 

 are not so definitely marked by regular ranges, and 

 there are but few prominent peaks except in the 

 groups already mentioned and in the geyser region 

 of the Yellowstone. In Idaho and Montana there 

 are numerous enclosed mountain valleys, which are 

 called ' Parks' or ' Prairies,' but they are not so 

 high as the ' Parks' of Colorado. The Bitter Root 

 Mountains form the divide between the head-waters 

 of the Missouri and those of the Columbia, and 

 also between the tributaries of ( 'larke's Fork and of 

 the Snake River. The Lapwai and Cu-ur d'Alene 

 ranges, which lie to the west and northwest, con- 

 nect the Rocky Mountains with the Blue Moun- 

 tains, and between these groups and the Cascade 

 Range are the Great Plains of the Columbia 

 River. Yellowstone Park (q.v.), in the north- 

 western part of Wyoming, is famous for its hot 

 springs, geysers, mud volcanoes, and its wonderful 

 scenery. The disposition of the mountains toward 

 the east is peculiar, as they occur in more or less 

 detached and isolated groups, among which are the 

 I 'r.i/y Mountains, Judith Mountain*, anil the Big 

 Morn Mountains. Still farther east are the BlacK 

 Hills, completely detached from the main system, 

 and noted for tlicir mineral wealth. Beyond the 

 Canadian line too little is known of the Rocky 

 Mountains to warrant a detailed description. 

 Mount Hooker and Mount Brown seem to be but 

 little over 9000 feet high instead of 15,000 feet. The 

 highland gradually dc-ei-iid- towards the north, 

 reaching an elevation of a Unit 800 feet in the 

 vicinity of the Arctic Ocean, and the northern 

 range* form the divide lictween the head-waters of 

 the Mwkcii/ie ale) Yukon Rivers. 



Rororo, or ROTAII.I.K, a name given to the 

 very debased style of architecture and decoration 

 which HMOMdM the first revival of Italian archi 

 lecture. It U ornamental design run mad, without 



principle or taste. The ornament consists of panels 

 with their mouldings broken or curved at the 

 angles, and filled with leafage, shell-work, musical 

 instrument-, maiks. \c. Thi> style prevailed in 

 Germany and Belgium during the 18th century, 



I I 



Rococo Ornament. 



and in France from the time of Henry IV. to the 

 Revolution. The illustration shows an example 

 from an altar in the church of St James, Antwerp. 



Rocroi, a third-class fortress of France, depart- 

 ment Ardennes, 24 miles NW. of Sedan, and '2 

 from the Belgian frontier. It is situated in the 

 forest of Ardennes. Pop. 1781. Here the Great 

 Condi- (q.v.) broke the reputation of invincibility 

 long enjoyed by the Spanish infantry, May 19, 

 1643. 



Rod, called also a pole, or perch, a measure of 

 length, equivalent to 5J yards, or 16J feet. The 

 square rod, called generally a. rood, is employed in 

 estimating masonry-work, and contains ItiJ x N5J, 

 or 'J7- J square feet. 



Rodbrrtus, JOHANN KARL, designated the 

 founder of scientific socialism, was born the son of 

 a professor at Greifswald on 12th August 1805, and 

 studied law at Gottingen and Berlin. For a few 

 years he held law appointments under the Prussian 

 government, but in 1836 settled down on his 

 country estate at Jaget/.ow in Pomerania, and 

 turned his attention chiefly to economic studies. 

 In 1848 he was elected a member of the Prussian 

 National Assembly, and for a fortnight tilled the 

 post of minister of Worship and Kdncation ; in the 

 following year he carried the adoption of tlie 

 Frankfort constitution for the empire, but rctiied 

 from public life when the Prussian elector were 

 grouped in three separate classes. He died on (>th 

 December 1875. Although a socialist, Rodbertns 

 was not a demagogic agitator : he lielieved that the 

 socialistic ideal will work itself out gradually 

 according to the natural laws of change and pro- 

 gress. Indeed he fixed upon five centuries as the 

 ti it will take to educate the people, the demo- 

 cracy, up to the socialistic ideal. \Vhen that ideal 

 is realised tin- state will be the owner of all the 

 land and capital of a country, and will raperifitottd 

 the distribution of the total products of human 

 lalmur amongst those who do the lalmur, apportion 

 ing to each a share corresponding to his work. 

 I His fundamental economic principle was of course 

 that lalxiur is the true ami only source of wealth.) 

 In the meantime he would not interfere with the 

 working of the established laws of capital and 

 land, nor with the principles of monarchical govern- 

 ment. < )n In-half of the workers he advocated that 

 the government should fix a normal working day 



