SELROKNE 



SKLDEN 



miles) with Klang, the principal port of the state, 

 on the Klang Itiver. 



Sclhoriic. a pleasant Hampshire parish of 12 

 w|. m. and I'Jim inhabitant*. 5 miles SSE. of Alton 

 station and -II K. of Winchester. Gilbert White 

 (ii v., 1720-03) has made it for ever famous by his 

 Natural History of Sclborut ( 1789). The Wakes 

 the ivied hoiiNe where he was horn and died, still 

 stands, though added to ; the church, where he 

 lit--.. \\IIK restored in 1*77. Nothing remains of an 

 Augustiniiin priory ( li'fci). 



Sclborm*. K"i MiKi.i. PALMER, EARL OF, was 

 Uirn HI Mixlmry Rectory, Oxfordshire, Novemher 

 J7. 1812, and had his education at Etagby and 

 Winchester and at Trinity College, Oxford. His 

 course was exceptionally brilliant ; he carried off 

 the Chancellor's prize for Latin verse (1831), the 

 Newdigate (1832), the Ireland scholarship (1832), 

 took a classical first-class in 1834, was elected to a 

 Magdalen fellowship, and took hoth the Clian- 

 rt prize for the Latin essay (1835) and the 

 Eldon Law scholarship. He was called to the bar 

 at Lincoln's Inn in 1837, and became a Q.C. in 1849 ; 

 sat for Plymouth in the House of Commons from 

 1847 till IH.V2, and again from 1853 till l*-~>7 : 

 became Solicitor -general in 1861 under Palmerston, 

 being at the same time knighted and returned for 

 Kirhmond ; ami was Attorney-general from 1863 

 till the fall of the Knssell government in 1866. 

 His inability to accept Mr Gladstone's whole 

 Irish Clmrrli policy prevented his accenting the 

 Chancellorship in "1868, but he succeeded Lord 

 Hatherlev in 1*72, and was created Baron Sel- 

 borne. The year before he had represented the 

 government as counsel l>efore the Arbitration 

 Court at Geneva. Selhorne was ever active as a 

 reformer in legal procedure, and his reign will 

 remain memorable from the fusion of law and 

 equity effected by his Judicature Act (1873). He 

 fell with his party in February 1874, but returned 

 to the woolsack in May 1880, and sat till the dis- 

 solution of 1885. He was raised to the rank of 

 Earl of Sellmrnc in 1882. He found himself unable 

 to accept Mr Gladstone's Irish policy, and therefore 

 in February 1886 declined a third, term of office. 

 Chairman of the Oxford University Commission, 

 he was made D.C.L. (1863), and was Lord Hector 

 of St Andrews University in 1877. His Book of 

 Praise (1863; 9th ed. IWJ) is an admirable col- 

 lection of hymn*. Other liooks are Notes on some 

 Pottage* in the Litun/iral Ilistiini of the Reformed 

 English Church (1878), A Defence 'of the Church 

 of England against Disestablishment ( 1886), and 

 Ancient Facts and Fictions as to Churches unit 

 Tithes (I8H8). He died 4th May 1895. See his 

 Memorials (2 vols. 1896). 



SHby, a market-town in the West Hiding of 

 Yorkshire, on the right bank of the Ouse, 15 miles 

 8. of York ami 20 E of Leeds. The great cruci- 

 form parish church, measuring 283 bv 59 feet, was 

 the church of a mitred lienedictinc abbev, founded 

 in the 1 2th eentury by Hugh, sheriff of Yoiksliire. 

 It exhibits every style from Norman to I'crpcndicu- 

 lar ; lost its south transept by the fall in 1690 of the 

 central lower (meanly rebuilt twelve years later); 

 and has undergone much restoration since Is7:t. 

 Other edifices are a Roman Catholic church (1859), 

 8t Jamf-'s Church (1868), and a modern market- 

 cross. The river is navigable for vessels of 200 

 tons ; and there is also a considerable carrying 

 trade bv railway and canal. Selby has manufac- 

 tures of Max, ropes, leather, l>eer, &c., liosidcs 

 lioat building ami brick-making. It is the tra- 

 ditional birthplace of Henry I. (1068), and in the 

 at Keliellion was recaptured from the royalists 

 bv Fairfax ( 1644). Pop. ( 1851 ) 5109; ( 1891 ) 6022. 

 See W. W. Morrell's History of Selby ( 1867). 



Schlcll, JOHN, an illustrious English scholar 

 and jurist, was Ixirn at Salvington near Worthing 

 in Sussex, in Deremlier 1584, studied at Hart Hall, 

 Oxford, lor three years, and then removed, first to 

 Clitlord's Inn, London, and afterwards to the Inner 

 Temple, to study law. It was here that his g:. 

 learning 1-i-gan to attract attention, and won for 

 him the friendship of Camden, t'sher, Sir Robert 

 Cotton, and Sir Henrv Spelman. A* conveyance! 

 and chamlicr-counscl lie acquired wealth, yet found 

 time for studies at once profound ami wide in 

 range. Selden wrote \n> tirst treatise, relating to 

 the civil government of Britain previous to the 

 Norman Conquest, and entitled Analfrtan Anglo- 

 Jiritannicon (1606), when only twenty-two years of 

 age. In 1610 appeared his Jatii Amjlorum Faciet 

 Altera (Eng. trans. 1683), giving an account of the 

 common and statute law ofEqftjtth Brittany to the 

 death of Henry II., and also The Duello, or Single 

 Combat, a. history of trial by battle: and in 1614 

 was published Iiis Titles of HHIKIIII; still an 

 authority. Three years later appeared his erudite 

 work on the Syrian' gods, especially in their connec- 

 tion with the Old Testament, entitled De Diis 

 Xi/riix Si/iitiniiiiata Duo. His History of Tithes 

 (1618) (lemol'ished their divine right, and brought 

 down u|>on his head the fulniinations of _the clergy, 

 inueh more noisy than convincing. Fortunately 

 for his assailants the Privy-council suppressed the 

 book and forlule him to" reply. In 1621 Selden 

 suffered a brief imprisonment for advising the 

 parliament to repudiate King James's doctrine 

 that their privileges were originally royal grants ; 

 in 1623 he was elected member for Lancaster, in 

 1626 for Great Bedwin, and in 1628 for l.udgers- 

 hall, lioth in Wilts, and henceforward till his 

 death he took a considerable part in public affairs. 



He was sincerely attached to the cause of the 

 parliament, and as sincerely opposed to the views 

 of the court party and the king, but he was above 

 all things a constitutional lawyer, and derived his 

 ideas of the rights of the subject from the history 

 of the nation, and not from religious fanaticism or 

 metaphysical considerations. Still he ' loved his 

 ease, as Clarendon savs, and so let things lie done 

 without protest of wliich he did not approve. In 

 1628 he helped to draw up the Petition of Right, 

 and the year after he was committed to the Tower 

 with Eliot, Holies, and the rest. After eight 

 months' rigorous imprisonment >Jie was transferred 

 to the Marshalsea, but soon after was released 

 through the favour of Laud, whereupon he re- 

 tired to Wrest in Bedfordshire, the seat of the 

 Earl of Kent. In 1640 he was chosen member 

 of the Long Parliament for the university of 

 Oxford ; and now, when the struggle between the 

 king and the nation liegan to point towards the 

 fatal rupture, he was suspected of not lieing zealous 

 enough by such as were themselves perhaps over 

 yealous. Already in llilti lie had dedicated to the 

 king his Marc Clatuum (an answer to the Mare 

 l.il i-iiin of Grotius and the Dutch claims to fish 

 off the British coasts), and there is evidence that 

 Charles personally looked on him with favour. 

 Selden was one of the committee of twenty-four 

 appointed to draw up a remonstrance, and at this 

 point his path first diverged from that of Hyde, 

 yet without their friendship lieing impaired. He 

 opposed vigorously the policy that led to the ex- 

 pulsion of the bishops from the House of Lords, 

 and finally to the abolition of Episcopacy. Yet he 

 adhered in the main to the cause of the parlia- 

 ment, driven by the complete arbitrariness of the 

 king's later measures. He took no direct part in 

 the impeachment of Strafford and vote;! against 

 the Attainder Bill, and, though he furnished pre- 

 cedents for the measures taken against Laud, had 

 no share in his prosecution. 



